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Celebrated 



Cambridge Men. 



By the same Author. 



Crown 8vo. Cloth 3s. 

HELPS TOWARDS BELIEF IN THE CHRISTIAN FAITH, 

with preface by the Archbishop of Armagh. 



Crown 8vo. Cloth 3s, 

THE UNWRITTEN SAYINGS OF CHRIST. 

Words of Our Lord not recorded in the Four Gospels, with notes. 



Small Post 8vo. Cloth Boards is. 

SPOKES IN THE WHEEL OF LIFE. 

Addresses to Young Men at S. Andrew's, Wells Street, W. 



CELEBRATED '"' 
CAMBRIDGE MEN 

A.D. 1390—1908. 



BY 

C. G. GRIFFINHOOFE, M.A. 

S. John's College, Cambridge. 



CAMBRIDGE : 
A. P. DIXON, 9, MARKET STREET. 

LONDON : 
JAMES NISBET & Co., Ltd., 22, BERNERS STREET, W. 



1910. 






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PREFACE. 



AN attempt has been made in the following pages 
to furnish some account, at once chronological 
and connected, of the many great men, famous 
both in Church and State, who have been trained at 
the University of Cambridge. 

Some sort of idea is doubtless commonly held, that 
certain *' worthies " were connected with certain colleges, 
but the knowledge on such matters is, as a rule, vague 
and indefinite, and far from being exact. The 
endeavour, therefore, has been to give an ordered list 
of famous men, now departed, arranged according to the 
date at which they came to Cambridge, to record the college 
or colleges with which they were connected, the friends 
with whom they associated, the honours and positions 
to which they attained in the University, and therewith 
also to convey some brief account of the achievements 
in later life for which they are renowned. 

Viewed in this way, it is hoped that, for some, at 
least, the story of the days that are past will gain in 
clearness, and the doings of the men who once trod 
the familiar courts will stand out in less uncertain light, 
so that " he who runs may read," and may know how 
great a part the Cambridge training has played in fitting 
men to be good servants of the Kingdom and Empire. 
To the list as presented, many names might still be 
added ; the question of space has, however, had to be con- 
sidered, and restraint to be exercisedso as to keep the 
book within reasonable limits 



PREFACE. 

The dates placed within brackets refer to the years 
of the man's life. There is also prominently given the 
name of the college to which he was attached, and the 
year of matriculation thereat. In cases where high pre- 
ferment at another college subsequently followed, the 
name of that college, as well as the date, is given. 

My thanks for many valuable hints are due to R. F. 
Scott, M.A., Master of S. John's College, to Canon 
C. H. W. Johns, LittD., Master of S. Catharine's 
College, to E. W. Naylor, Mus.D., of Emmanuel College, 
and to J. B. Sterndale-Bennett, of S. John's College. 

C. G. G. 



Cambridge, 

August^ rgro. 



LET US NOW PRAISE FAMOUS MEN, AND OUR 
FATHERS THAT CEGAT US." 



. CELEBRATED 
CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



While it must be difficult to state exactly how 
the University of Cambridge took its rise, it may 
with confidence be asserted that learning was con- 
nected with Cambridge before the 13th century 
opened. There were already stationed in the 
town the secular Canons associated :with the 
Church of S. Giles; there were also clergy con- 
nected with the Church of S. Benet. In 11 12 the 
Canons of St. Giles removed to Barnwell Priory, 
and made a new and enlarged home. The 
Nunnery of S. Rhadegund, on the spot where Jesus 
College now stands, took its rise in 1133, and the 
Hospital of S. John the Evangelist, with its body 
of Augustinian Canons, was founded in 1135. 
But the college system was not yet. In 1224 
Franciscans settled on the present site of Sidney 
Sussex. Fifty years later Dominicans took up 
their abode on land now occupied by Emmanuel. 
Soon after there Were Carmelites near the present 
site of Queens', and the Augustinian Friars had 
a house some way further East. These various 
bodies seem to have been instrumental in foster- 
ing learning. 

Although, on the whole, it cannot be said 
with truth that the University was the direct 
outcome of monastic influence, it is, however. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

a fact, that the founding of the first College 
at Cambridge was due to the love for education 
and the general activity of a bishop of Ely. The 
connection between subsequent occupants of the 
See and the University has been close and event- 
ful, and Cambridge owes much to their fostering 
care in the past, and will, we doubt not, be under 
a similar debt of gratitude in the future. 

Hugh Balsham, born in the village of that 
name, hard by Cambridge, entered in due course 
the order of S. Benedict and was, in the year 
1258, elected Bishop of Ely by the Benedictine 
Monks who gathered round the monastery which 
had been founded by Etheldreda in the fens. 

The Bishop's rule was at once quiet and 
prudent, and his desire for learned clergy led him 
to try the experiment of incorporating a body of 
secular scholars along with the professed AugusT 
tinian regulars of the Hospital of S. John in 
Cambridge. The plan proved a failure, and in 
order to improve matters the secular scholars 
were removed to another home in what is now 
Trumpington Street. 

Thus in 1284 was started the College known as 
Peterhouse, which was later on provided with 
statutes based on the model of those prevailing 
at Merton College, Oxford. Balsham's new 
foundation led the way for still further extension, 
but the inception of the College system is really 
due to the good bishop whose body rests before 
the high altar in Ely Cathedral. 

Forty years later Hervey de Stanton obtained 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

from Edward II. leave to found, at Cambridge, 
Michael House; this foundation, which is now 
merged in Trinity College, was another step to- 
wards the College system. In 1347 Pembroke 
Hall was founded by Mary de Valence; in 1348, 
a clergyman, Edmund Gonville, towards the clos- 
ing days of his life obtained permission from 
Edward III. to found a college near what is 
now Freeschool Lane, in honour of the Annun- 
ciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The founda- 
tion was known by the name of Gonville Hall. 

While Edmund Gonville was carrying out his 
conception of founding his college, William Bate- 
man, an ecclesiastic who had been already trained 
at the University in the study of Canon and Civil 
Law, and who, by his knowledge of diplomacy, 
hiad gained the favourable notice of the Roman 
Pontiffs, was consecrated Bishop of Norwich by 
Pope Clement VI. 

As Bishop he encountered considerable trouble 
owing to the prevalence of the disease known as 
the " black death," a scourge which devastated 
the Eastern Counties and seriously depleted the 
number of Bateman's clergy. To remedy this 
loss of men, and in thanksgiving for his own 
preservation, he set himself to place at Cam- 
bridge, in the early years of his episcopate, the 
foundation of Trinity Hall. 

Edmund Gonville had by this time died, and 
Bateman acted as his executor. He removed 
Gonville*s foundation to the present site of Gon- 
ville and Caius. But he did more than this: he 

3 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



considerably altered the statutes of Gonville Hall, 
and made them more like those of his own 
foundation of Trinity Hall. In effect he thus 
became the second founder of that College which 
already bore the name of Gonville, and was in 
due time to owe so much to the munificence of 
Caius. 

For Cambridge Bateman ever had a great 
regard. Dying suddenly on the Continent, he 
was buried before the high altar of Avignon 
Cathedral, at a service over which the Patriarch 
of Jerusalem presided. 

More years passed by, and two confraternities 
connected with Cambridge, the Guild of Corpus 
Christi, and the Guild of the Blessed Virgin, 
aided in starting what is now known as the Col- 
lege of Corpus Christi. A little later the Coun- 
tess of Clare enlarged a previously existing 
Hall, and gave to us what is now known as 
Clare College. 

Cambridge was thus already endowed with 

several useful foundations in working order, and 

the fostering care of Peterhouse, Michael House, 

Pembroke Hall, Gonville Hall, Trinity Hall, Cor- 

pus Christi, and Clare Hall rapidly aided the 

further advance of learning. 

William Gonville's foundation was soon to prove its 

Lyndewode usefulness. William Lyndewode, who obtained 

(c. 1375-1446) his education there, became Fellow later on of 

Gonville Hall p^nibroke. Being interested in ecclesiastical 

affairs and in diplomatic work, he was treated 

with much favour by Henry VI. and wrote a 

4 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN, 



great compendium of Canon Law. As a good 

lawyer and capable man of business, he 

was raised to the Bishopric of S. David's, and 

assisted largely in the foundation of Eton 

College and of King's College, Cambridge. By 

his will his body was buried in the Chapel of 

S. Stephen, at the Palace of Westminster, where 

he had been consecrated. During excavations 

on the spot in January, 1852, the body of a man 

was found, and by it lay a crozier: the remains, 

which were probably those of Lyndewode, were 

removed to the north cloister of the Abbey.* 

The founding of the college of S. Catharine Eobert 

was due to the care and enthusiasm of Robert Wodelarke 

Wodelarke, who, as Provost for 27 years of the ^J''^,"^^]^^^ 

King s 1441 
neighbouring foundation of King's College, had 

been largely instrumental, as master of the works 

there, in bringing about the building of the mag- 

niticent chapel, so well known as one of the chief 

treasures of Cambridge. 

Thomas Rotherham, who probably had been Thomas 

at Eton, and was one of the original Fellows of Rotherham 

Kinar's College, rose to high rank in Church and \ " ' _/' 

^ ° ° Kmg s 1444 

State. Chosen for the Bishopric of Rochester, pe^^broke 

he later on passed to Lincoln, and finally became 1480. 

Archbishop of York and Chancellor of England. 

For a time he fell under the displeasure of those 

in power, owing to his support of the Queen 

Ehzabeth Wydeville, and was imprisoned for a 

short period. His connexion with the University 

* Stanley, *« Westminster Abbey," p. 309. 
5 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

was noteworthy : he became Master of Pembroke 

in 1480 and Chancellor of the University. The 

building of the Library frontage of that period 

was due to him, and Great S. Mary's Church 

profited by his zeal for restoration. He greatly 

benefited his native town of Rotherham, and 

both there and in Cambridge is remembered for 

his learning, humility, and nobility of character. 

He lies buried in York Minster. 

Jolin Alcock John Alcock, who was a friend of Rotherham, 

(1430-1500) entered the University about the middle of the 
c 1448 

fifteenth century. He was destined to leave a 
great name as the virtual founder of Jesus 
College. Trained, as he was, at Beverley Gram- 
mar School, it may have been that the ideal 
beauty of the great Minster of that town left a 
strong impression on his mind; certainly in all 
he did in later years the excellence of his know- 
ledge of ecclesiastical architecture, and of his 
artistic taste, stood him in good stead. The 
episcopal palace at Ely, and Great S. Mary's at 
Cambridge, were restored by him, and the beauti- 
ful chantry which he constructed in the north 
choir aisle of Ely Cathedral, where he lies 
buried, is regarded as a treasure by all ecclesi- 
ologists. He was highly esteemed by Henry 
VH., and, together with Fisher, Colet, and 
Rotherham, was a real and sensible reformer. 
He held successively the Sees of Rochester, 
Worcester, and Ely, and was twice Lord Chan- 
cellor; and as Bishop of Ely founded the college 
at Cambridge which has such a great name, and 

6 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

from the beauty of its buildings and the charm 
of its grounds gained the well-known appreciation 
of James I. His life was closely linked with 
that of Rotherham: for a time, in 1474, they 
conjointly held the post of Lord Chancellor, and 
Alcock succeeded to the See of Rochester when 
Rotherham vacated it. Both were Yorkshiremen 
and connected with Beverley, and both died in 
the same year. 

Another of those men who seem to have an Nicholas 
innate love for architecture and church-building West 
came to King's in 1477. Nicholas West had (H61-1533) 
been at Eton, and is said to have been the son i'^ing'si477. 
of a Putney tradesman. He became Fellow, and 
was later in life largely taken up with diplomatic 
work, for which he had a great taste and apti- 
tude. Born with a love of pomp, this great man 
became Dean of Windsor and afterwards Bishop 
of Ely. He was in close intimacy with Bishop 
Fisher, Sir Thomas More, and Cardinal Wolsey, 
and is remembered as having built the " West " 
Chapel in his Cathedral. 

The Rede lecture is one of the looked-f or Sir Robert 
events of the May Term. Sir Robert Rede, who Rede 
founded it,* was at Buckingham (Magdalene) Col- ( ? -1519) 
lege, and later Fellow of King's Hall (Trinity), Magd.c.l477. 
and he rose to be Chief Justice of the Common 
Pleas. Great men have lectured on his founda- 
tion, among them Owen, Willis, Airy, Tyndall, 
Thomson, Ruskin, Max Miiller, Norman Lockyer, 
E. A. Freeman, Tait, Samuel Baker, Henry Maine, 
Dr. Birch, Clerk Maxwell, and Henry Irving. 

* The original Lectures have undergone some modification. 

7 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

John Fisher John Fisher is one of whose memory Cam- 

(c. 1459-1535) bridge is justly proud. A Yorkshireman, and 

Michael probably, like Alcock, educated at Beverley, 

, .oA sometime about 1480 he entered Michael House, 
0. 1480. ^ 

and became Fellow and Senior Proctor. The 
Mastership was soon after conferred upon him, 
and he became Vice-Chancellor and Confessor 
to Margaret, Countess of Richmond, mother of 
Henry VH. Fisher did much to put new life 
into Cambridge: accepting the Margaret Profesr 
sorship of Divinity, which had just been founded 
by his pious and far-seeing patroness, he soon 
became Chancellor of the University, a post 
which he held for life, and also was appointed 
Bishop of Rochester. His connexion with Cam- 
bridge continued, although he held the Bishopric, 
for we find him shortly after accepting the 
Presidentship of Queens', and taking interest in 
Margaret's desire to found Christ's College. 
Henry VH. passed away in 1509: Fisher 
preached his funeral sermon in S. Paul's : and to 
the regret of all the Lady Margaret herself 
died only three months later. It had been her 
eager wish before she died to found S. John's. 
Fisher carried out her desire, and, in place of the 
suppressed Hospital of S. John, the College was 
duly started in 151 1, and some fellowships were 
endowed by Fisher himself. For Wolsey, Fisher 
had a qualified approv^al, but with true desire 
for the welfare of Cambridge, and as a means 
to gain Court influence for the University, he 
offered to resign the Chancellorship if Wolsey 

8 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

would take it. The offer, however, was refused. 
It was Fisher who induced Erasmus to come to 
the University; it was he who supported the 
study of Greek, and even went so far as to learn 
the language, although advanced in life; it was 
he who was in favour of wise ecclesiastical reform 
and yet remained convinced of the value of 
Papal rule; it was he who saw difficulties ahead 
in some of the reformed doctrines, and desired 
in all things to avoid dangerous extremes; it 
was he who advised Convocation, when accepting 
the fact of the royal supremacy over the Church, 
to insert the explanation " so far as is allowable 
by the law of God: " and owing to the strictly 
conscientious line which he pursued, he felt 
obliged to oppose Henry's divorce and re- 
marriage. Trouble gathered round him late in 
life: together with More he was charged with 
treason and imprisoned in the Tower, and his 
library, which might have been of such value to 
Cambridge men, was confiscated. He suffered 
in health during his confinement, and, to their 
honour be it said, the Fellows of S. John's, 
scorning the danger which might ensue, wrote 
to condole with their revered benefactor. The 
end came quickly — the offer of a Cardinal's hat 
to the worthy Bishop inflamed the King, who 
is reported to have said, " the Pope might give 
Fisher a hat, but he would take care he had no 
head to put it on." He was beheaded, and 
buried in the Church of S. Peter ad Vincula in 
the Tower. So passed away one of the best of 

9 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Cambridge men, not supremely great perhaps, 
but sincere and single-souled, given over to love 
of learning, governed always by good motives, 
and desirous all his life to be true to his calling, 
and to serve his fellow-men. 
Cnthbert After residing for a time at Balliol College, 

Tunstall Oxford, Cuthbert Tunstall, the Yorkshireman, 
(H74-1559) came to Cambridge, and was enrolled at King's 
Kings Hall j^^j| (afterwards Trinity). He held a foremost 
""^^^ position in England, and while strongly in favour 
of reform, never lost his head, and stood out 
as one of the most sensible of those who had to 
do with the changes of the Reformation period. 
He was the friend of War ham, Erasmus, and 
More, and was rapidly raised first to the Deanery 
of Salisbury and then to the Bishoprics of Lon- 
don and Durham. He was very widely respected, 
and had much to do with the Six Articles, and 
also with the Bishops' Bible, which was published 
in English in 1541. A genuine churchman, he 
yet, owing to his belief in the kingly power, went 
a long way in accepting the various changes 
which Henry was forcing on; his learning on 
questions of theology was great, and he published 
a treatise on the Sacrament of Christ's body and 
blood. On the King's death trouble arose: the 
Bishop had consented to all that Henry wished, 
but his belief in the royal prerogative was 
strained by the vagaries of Edward, and he 
was placed in the Tower and deprived of his 
See. Under Mary he once more found free- 
dom, but he refused to agree to the Queen's 

10 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN, 



desire for the persecution of Protestants; under 
Elizabeth also he conscientiously refused to 
consecrate Parker, whom the Queen desired 
should be Archbishop of Canterbury, and he was 
once again deprived and imprisoned, under mild 
rule, at Lambeth, where he died and was buried. 
He is remembered as a prelate of unstained 
character and acknowledged wisdom, who 
throughout adhered firmly to what he believed 
to be right. 

Gardiner occupied an important position under Stephen 
the Tudor dynasty, and was for a time much .^^l^^ll. 
in Henry's favour. Fellow, and subsequently ^^.^jjyjjall 
Master of Trinity Hall, a post which he held for ^ ^^q^. 
24 years, he was also, during part of the time. 
Rede Lecturer in the University, and was the 
friend of Wolsey and Erasmus. His scholarly 
attainments were considerable: both in the work 
of translating the Scriptures into English and in 
the carrying out of judicious reforms his help 
was of great service, but in public matters he 
seemed to waver and to display a want of 
stability of character. At first he was in favour 
of renouncing the Papal supremacy, and looked 
with a favourable eye on Henry's contemplated 
divorce: but events moved too rapidly for his 
liking, and he began to take up a more conser- 
vative position. To the King his advice, as 
Bishop of Winchester, was often of great value; 
his hand was possibly to be seen in the drawing 
up of the Six Articles, and after Wolsey's fall, 
in the endeavour to save from utter destruction 



II 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



the colleges founded by the Cardinal. Succeed- 
ing Cromwell as Chancellor of Cambridge 
University, he took up a cautious line aad 
found himself in opposition to Sir John Cheke 
on the question of the pronunciation of Greek, 
and thereby somewhat retarded learning. In Ed- 
ward's reign he fell on evil days; the posts he 
held were taken from him, and it was not until 
Mary came to the throne that he was restored to 
the Mastership. His learning often proved 
his safeguard: he certainly assented to most 
that Mary wished, and was her Lord High Chan- 
cellor; but he interceded for Cranmer and 
Northumberland, tried to save Peter Martyr, the 
Oxford professor, from imprisonment, helped to 
some extent Smith, who had been tutor to 
Edward VI., and also his friend Ascham, and is 
said to have used at least some influence in 
trying to save Frith, his old pupil, and Bradford, 
from burning. It is also to be remembered that 
he used considerable discretion in advising Mary 
as to the need of caution, and in withstanding 
many of the desires of Pole. Towards the close 
of his life, however, he became more of a 
reactionary, and seemed to detest all idea of 
reform; he did not scruple to declare Elizabeth 
illegitimate, and with his dying words regretted 
that he had ever joined in the revolt against 
Papal supremacy. 
Sir William Gonville's foundation was instrumental in 
(c. 1485-1545) training a most capable man in the person of 

^°"'''?J^.'^^" Butts. He was popular as a doctor, and held 
c. 1503. 

12 



Jesus 1503. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

the post of Court physician. Anne Boleyn, Jane 
Seymour, Princess Mary, and Wolsey were 
among his patients: he was also in the close 
friendship of Cranmer, Cheke, and Latimer, and 
known to all the important people of the time. 

Almost at the same date as Gardiner, Thomas Thomas 
Cranmer came to Cambridge. He became Fel- Cranmer 
low of Jesus, and passed altogether about 25 ^^ \^^J 
years at the University. As to the merits of 
his character, opinions have all along differed, 
and while some regard him as a martyr for the 
right, others look upon him as a weak and 
vacillating man. A just estimate probably re- 
gards him as a curious blend of strength and 
weakness, of far-seeing wisdom and of weak- 
kneed temporizing, of signal piety and of 
deplorable connivance in evil courses. Whatever 
his true character was, he played an important 
part in England's history. His early marriage 
to a lady living in Cambridge necessitated the 
loss of his Fellowship, but the society at Jesus 
quickly re-elected him when at the end of a 
year he became a widower. For a time he held 
the post of reader at Buckingham (Magdalene) 
College, and early in 1528 he began to attract 
the notice of Henry VHL His suggestion that 
the monarch should settle the difficulties as to 
his divorce from Catharine of Aragon by an 
appeal to the Universities was gratifying to the 
King's mind, and in consequence Cranmer's rise 
was rapid. As Archbishop he again displayed 
devotion to the cause of the new learning, 

13 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

together with constant change of his own theo- 
logical position, and, while longing for freedom, 
he seemed to be hopelessly subservient to the 
royal will. General opinion cannot be said to 
approve of his action with regard to the trial of 
Catharine, or of his wavering testimony as to 
the validity of the marriage of Anne Boleyn, or 
of his subsequent procedure with regard to Anne 
of Cleves and Catharine Howard. He consented 
to the burning of several so-called " heretics," 
and agreed to the imprisonment of Gardiner, an 
old Cambridge man. His doings at Oxford are 
well known: after signing seven recantations he 
finally proclaimed a recantation of these recan- 
tations, and with a sudden determination thrust 
his hand, " the member that had offended," into 
the burning flame, and so died. On the other 
hand, there are those who see in him a fitting 
instrument for performing necessary but unpalat- 
able work at a difficult time. " He alone, so 
far as we know," writes Mr. Pollard, " tried to 
save the monks of Sion from the block : he alone 
interceded for Fisher and More, for Anne Boleyn 
and for the Princess Mary, for Thomas Cromwell 
and Bishop Tunstall. He told Henry VHI. that 
he had offended God, and Cromwell that the 
Court was setting an evil example. He main- 
tained, almost unaided, a stubborn fight against 
the Act of Six Articles, and resisted longer than 
anyone else the Duke of Northumberland's plot. 
He refused to fly before danger at Mary's acces- 
sion, and for two and a half years withstood, 

14 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



without flinching, the pressure of a sixteenth 
century prison. If then, for a month, he wavered 
between his duty to the State and that to his 
conscience : if, finally, he tried to concede that 
impossible change of belief which his inquisitors 
required, he redeemed his fall by a heroism in 
the hour of death to which history can find 
few parallels/'* Undoubtedly Cranmer was ex- 
tremely learned, he knew Latin, Greek, Hebrew, 
French and Italian; much of his work done for 
the Church was very popular and statesmanlike, 
and has stood the test of time. He was 
thoroughly loved, his greatest enemies speak of 
him as a generous foe, and he never courted 
wealth ; but the darker episodes of his life are like 
flies in the ointment, and spoil the fair promise of 
his character. He can hardly be ranked as 
among the greatest and best of the Reformers. 
*'He was at once," says Macaulay, ''a divine and a 
courtier," and it was this attempted combination 
of the two characters which spoiled his life. 

It is doubtful whether Thomas Audley, who Thomas, 
became Baron Audley, of Walden, and Lord Lord Audley 
Chancellor of England, was really a student at °^ Jff.? 
Magdalene, but the College was, later on, greatly ^^^^^^^^ 
altered and almost reformed by him. An Essex ^ ^5^3 
man, he early passed into close connection with 
the Court, and rapidly rose to eminence, first 
as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and 
then as Speaker of the House of Commons. The 
question of Sir T. More came before him, as 
* A. F. Pollard " Thomas Cranmer," p. 328. 
15 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

also the trials of Bishop Fisher and Anne Boieyn. 

At the dissolution he received grants of several 

monasteries, among them being that of Walden, 

in the church of which town he lies buried. He 

can hardly be regarded as a great character, 

but his name is widely remembered. 

EichardCroke f Richard Croke, who was at Eton and at King's, 

(1489-1558) did much in the course of his life to carry on 

King's 1506. ^Yie work to which Erasmus was to give such 

impetus at Cambridge. Made Fellow at S. John's, 

and also Public Orator, he gained notoriety by 

his Greek lectures. More, Linacre, and Fisher 

were among his friends, though it cannot be said 

that he behaved well to the last. At Henry's 

instigation he undertook, some said by bribery, 

to obtain from various seats of learning statements 

which should be favourable to the royal divorce. 

Hugh Ashton Hugh Ashton, who began his career at Oxford, 

(c. 1480-1522) and came to S. John's, has left behind a revered 

S. John's name. He ably seconded all the efforts made 

^" ■ by Margaret Tudor for the good of the College, 

and himself established there several Fellowships. 

He became Archdeacon of York in 1516. His 

monument is still in the College Chapel, marked 

by the curious crest or rebus which he chose as 

representing his name. 

Thomas Visitors to Ely may possibly have noticed in 

Goodrich the Cathedral a somewhat ornate brass to the 

( ? -1554) memory of Bishop Goodrich, who was also Lord 

orp. r. Chancellor. He is reputed to have been for 
c. 1510. . . 

1 1510 ^ time connected with Corpus Christi, ajid 

was made Fellow of Jesus, and served the office 

16 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of Proctor. Wolsey recognised his merit, and 
he was consulted as to the legaUty of the royal 
marriage with Catharine. He became Chaplain 
to the King, and was consecrated to the See of 
Ely. He had leanings to the reformed doctrines, 
and joined in compiling the Bishops' Book, or 
the " Godly and Pious Institution of a Christian 
Man." His well-balanced mind found scope as 
one of the Commissioners named by the King 
for the visitation of Cambridge, and further as 
one of the framers of the First Book of Common 
Prayer. He knew exactly how far in his own 
mind he thought it safe for the Reformation to 
go, and his caution was of great service. Mary 
deprived him of his Lord Chancellorship, to 
which he had been appointed in 1551, as she 
resented his apparent preference for Lady Jane 
Grey. Goodrich died, however, duly possessed 
of the Bishopric of Ely. The episcopal palace 
at Ely was largely restored under his direction. 

S. Edward's Church, where Latimer preached Hugh Latimer 
his stirring sermons, is still with us. He had (c 1485-1555) ' 
been Fellow of Clare and one of the Twelve ^^^"^^^^ ^^^°- 
Preachers of the University, and also carried 
the University cross in processions. Gradually 
the new learning more and more attracted him, 
and his eagerness for reform became widely 
known; his approval of the royal divorce pro- 
cured for him Court favour, and he was quickly 
made Bishop of Worcester. His sturdy manli- 
ness and belief in practical Christianity made 
him become the foe of every abuse: wonder- 

17 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN 



working images and miraculous relics excited his 
wrath, and he determined to do away with all 
such things and expose the deception, if decep- 
tion there was. He was hardly born for the 
purple: his eagerness made him too ready to 
undo; he would have succeeded better, possibly, 
as a simple clergyman. Wisely recognizing that 
he was little suited for a bishop, when the Six 
Articles were promulgated, he found he had 
travelled too far on the road of reform to accept 
them, and resigned his See without regret. Then 
his sermons became almost coarse in their 
strenuous denunciation, and his fiery appeals 
possibly overshot the mark. Mary's accession 
boded him no good; together with Ridley and 
Cranmer he went to Oxford to defend himself. 
The day of execution came : he embraced Ridley 
and spoke of the candle he was about to hght, 
and then, infirm and bent with age, met his 
death by fire. Latimer was one who lived when 
strong measures were needed — " he acknow- 
ledged the Catholic Church," he said, " but not 
the Romish part of it," and he appealed to 
the next General Council in support of his 
views. For him the old state of things seemed 
to obscure the truth and to cloud the beauty of 
the Christian life; he longed for fresh air and 
light; for liberty to get out of the groove in 
which alone, it seemed to him, the Church per- 
mitted her members to walk. His line was, as 
he said, " a revolt against the schoolmen and 
such tomfooleries " ; and so he struck for free- 

i8 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

dom. Deeply religious and a great worker, of 
uncouth appearance and homely speech, he 
contended in a bold and intrepid way, like a pro- 
phet of old, for the right, and carried through with 
a strong hand the work he felt constrained to do. 

Thomas Bilney, the man of tender heart and Thomas 
scrupulous conscience, who died at the stake, Bilney 

•, J T^ • • TT 11 T -r r (c. 1495-1531) 

was an undergraduate at Trinity Hall. Lite for . 
him was no bed of roses. Stirred to his soul's ^ ^^^^ 
depth b}^ religious fervour in early manhood, he 
came under the teaching of Erasmus, but yet, 
while he accepted additional light, clung closely 
to the truths he learned from the teaching of 
the Church. He abjured his Lutheran convic- 
tions later on, then doubted whether he had 
done right, and finally was burnt at Norwich for 
heresy. That this quiet-minded man, with his 
refined and reasonable desire for the reform of 
abuses, should have met with a hard death may 
well sadden us, but his was only the lot of many. 
He was intimate with Latimer and Parker, and 
the Latin Bible used by him is preserved in the 
library of Corpus Christi College. 

Erasmus, who was born at Rotterdam, was for Desiderius 
years renowned as a great man of letters. Erasmus 
Trained at Utrecht, Deventer, and Gouda, he U 467-1536) 
was destined for the monastic career : but, finding 
the life uncongenial, he accepted an offer which 
eventually led to his being placed at the great 
University of Paris. He liked this no better, 
and so removed to Oxford, where he knew 
Colet and Linacre, and subsequently More, 

19 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Fisher, Latimer, and Cranmer. Then he returned 
to Paris, but came again to England with a 
great literary name. He published the " Praise 
of Folly," which, according to Milton, 
was in the hands of everyone at Cambridge, and 
to Cambridge he eventually removed, and resided 
in the small triangular court at Queens'. By 
Fisher's help he became Margaret Professor, 
and he was also Professor of Greek. Living still 
constantly abroad, he published his most famous 
work, " CoUoquia," which was a series of 
attacks on the Monastic Orders. His Greek 
Testament, brought out about the year 1516, and 
probably while Tyndale was in residence, first 
led the way to a critical editing of the New 
Testament. Of refined thought and delicate 
mental fibre, he did much for the Reformation, 
and yet a true Reformer he never was. The 
teaching of the extreme Protestant school raised 
his contempt just as much as did the obscur- 
antism of the schoolmen. A born critic, and 
of scholarly habit, he kept conspicuously aloof 
from the coarser methods of controversy, and 
yet, by his scholarly lucidity, incited others on to 
the keenness of party strife. He may be said to 
have given a new tone to the whole of theological 
learning by his methods; but although an advo- 
cate of reform, his nature was too refi.ned to allow 
of his taking up an extreme line. His favourite 
walk is still shewn at Queens'. 

20 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Miles Coverdale, widely known as the first Miles 
translator of the Bible into English, after being Coverdale 
connected with the house of the Auerustinian ^^^^-i^^^) 

c 1514 
Friars in the University, took a degree in law, 

in 1 531, and studied philosophy and theology. 

Of quiet, studious habits and upright character, 

he became quite an important person in England. 

As life went on he leaned more than at first to 

Protestant views. He was intimate with Cranmer, 

T. Cromwell, and Grindal, and after being Bishop of 

Exeter for two years was deprived by Queen Mary. 

Training and natural bent fitted Sir Thomas sir Thomas 

Wyatt for high diplomatic work. Educated at Wyatt 

S, John's, he did good service for the State, and ^^'- 1503-1542) 

to some extent controlled the King. He had been 

^ c. 1517. 

brought into contact with Anne Boleyn, and 

eventually, as did many in those days, fell unddr 

the royal frown and was imprisoned. Some of 

his poems remain, which are chiefly in the form 

of love songs. 

We shall probably never know the full extent John Island 

of the loss to literature which resulted from the (c. 1506-1552) 

enforced scattering of the monastic libraries in "^^ ^ 

England. A tew precious manuscripts saved, 

here and there, from destruction, give sad 

evidence of the way in which much good material 

must have been allowed to pass away, never to 

be regained. Some men there were at the time 

who saved what they could: one of them was 

John Leland, who, after being at S. Paul's 

School, matriculated at Christ's. Holding later 

on the post of " King's Antiquary," together 

21 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

with several livings, he made it his business to 
gather from the whole of England all the infor- 
mation he could about all things. He was a 
master in the art of collecting facts, and was 
helped in his work by Cranmer. His great work, 
*' Collectanea," is now in the Bodleian. All the 
noted antiquarian writers since his time, Stow, 
Camden, Dugdale, owe much to the care and 
interest with which he did his work. 
Nicholas Pembroke provided a home for Ridley — 

Ridley another of the foremost Reformers. Born of 
(c. 1500- 555) g^^ J family at Newcastle, and a competent 
Pembroke ^ , , , , , j , 

.--J, Greek scholar at an early age, he graduated as 

4th Wrangler, and became Fellow. For a time 
he travelled, and then returned to Cambridge 
to be proctor, Chaplain of the University, and 
Master of his College. Appointed Vicar of 
Soham, and then raised to be Bishop of Roches- 
ter, two years later he was one of the officials 
for the visitation of Cambridge, and read a 
learned judgment advocating the Reformation. 
Consistently in favour of the new learning, and 
the friend of Cranmer and Peter Martyr, he 
avoided extreme statements, and aimed at being 
a wise and instructed Reformer. He was en- 
gaged in drawing up the First Book of Common 
Prayer, and was one of the commissioners 
for depriving Gardiner, the Bishop of Winchester, 
and a former Master of Trinity Hall, and also 
Bonner — whom he eventually succeeded in the 
See of London. In all his ways he was a 
gentleman ; when the Evangelical party in Cam- 

22 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

bridge wanted, a few years ago, a worthy name 
for their new foundation, they called it Ridley 
Hall, and they were wise in their choice. The 
good Bishop played the gentleman's part in 
behaving admirably to the relatives of the de- 
prived Bonner; he urged the incautious Hooper 
to greater moderation; he helped on at the 
same time the two Cambridge men, Bradford 
and Rogers, who were eventually put to death; 
he scolded the King's courtiers who fattened on 
the spoils of monasteries; and his defence of the 
poor helped largely to bring about the founda- 
tion of those London institutions of which we 
are proud at the present day, the Hospitals of 
Christ, S. Thomas, and S. Bartholomew. He 
took the unwise step of advocating the cause of 
Lady Jane Grey, and in consequence found him- 
self in prison and Bonner installed in his See. 
He was at this time drawing closer to the 
reformed position, and shortly he was forced to 
Oxford along with Cranmer and Latimer. Two 
Cambridge " heads," Glyn, of Queens', and 
Watson, of S. John's, were among his judges. 
Trial after trial befell him, as well as eighteen 
months of prison life ; then, excommunicated and 
degraded, he passed to the stake. His Patristic 
knowledge, his able scholarship, and the modera- 
tion which, as a refined and educated churchman, 
he displayed, were unavailing to gain a hearing 
for him; the times were out of joint, it was the 
day of brutal measures, party spirit ruled in 
place of reason, and thus the end came. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John Bedman Redman, the relative of Tunstall, was Fellow 
(1499-1551) of S. John's, Public Orator, and Margaret Pro- 
S. John's fessor. When King's Hall was dissolved he 
^" ^^^^" became first Master of Trinity: he is remem- 
bered as a very learned and moderate-minded 
man, and a compiler of the First Order of Com- 
munion. He lies buried in Westminster Abbey. 
Robert Pember, another Fellow of S. John's, was the 

Pember rnan who taught Ascham Greek. He was inti- 
(c. 1504-1560) mate with all the great Greek scholars of his 

■ ■'° " ^ day. He was much beloved owing to his 
c. 1522. 

charming disposition, and became the hrst ap- 
pointed reader in Greek at Trinity College. 
Matthew Matthew Parker, a lad of humble birth, who 

Parker was destined to play an important part as Arch- 
(1504-1575) bishop of Canterbury, was entered at Corpus, 
orp. c r. ^jj j^-g j-£g j^g j^^^ been studious, and a Fellow- 
1522. 

ship came to him. While he was in residence he 

was held in high favour as a preacher, and 
gained the friendship of Wolsey, Cranmer, 
Latimer, and Martin Bucer. For some years 
he was away from the University, at Stoke by 
Clare, and again at Ashdon, and Landbeach: 
he then returned to be Master and Vice-Chan- 
cellor. His attachment to the cause of Lady 
Jane Grey did him no good, and he ceased to 
be Master. Elizabeth and Cecil fixed upon him, 
against his will, for promotion to the See of 
Canterbury, which had been vacant for some 
time. It was an important occasion: the former 
Roman rite of consecration was not used; the 
new rite was, however, perfectly valid and formal, 

24 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

and every detail of it was carried out with great 
care that no possibility of cavil as to the episcopal 
succession being duly ensured should by any 
chance arise. Barlow, formerly Bishop of Bath 
and Wells; Scory, formerly Bishop of Chiches- 
ter; Coverdale, formerly Bishop of Exeter; and 
Hodgkins, Suffragan Bishop of Bedford, were 
his consecrators : and with that .educated en- 
lightenment which characterised him through 
life, Parker himself caused an account of the 
ceremony to be drawn up in Latin, which is now 
of great historic value, and is preserved in the 
Lambeth Register: a transcript also exists in the 
Library of Corpus Christi. His enemies were not 
idle: they circulated a tale known as the " Nag's 
Head Fable," which purports to relate that at 
the Nag's Head inn, in Cheapside, Parker was 
half in farce and half in pretence, dubbed a 
bishop in a service, if such it could be called, of 
the greatest irreverence and mockery. The story 
was exposed by both Archbishop Bramhall and 
Morton, the learned Bishop of Durham, and is 
now universally discredited. Parker took up 
the line of the other great Anglican divines, and 
steered a course midway between Romanism 
and Lutheranism, avoiding the innovations of 
the extreme Protestants, while, at the same time, 
stoutly affirming that at the Reformation the 
Church of England had no intention to depart 
from Catholic truth and order. He had much to 
do with the 39 Articles, and the subsequent Adver- 
tisements which went far to produce decency in 

25 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



public worship. His academic mind made him 
all along aim at restoration in its truest sense. 
Affairs at Cambridge troubled him; Cartwright's 
Puritan leanings were becoming notorious, and 
the Primate and Cecil had to intervene. Parker 
upheld the use of the surplice, which was not 
liked at Trinity and S. John's, and at the same 
time stood firm against the action of John Caius. 
A conference was held in which Whitgift, Grindal, 
Sandys, and Parker took part, and the Primate 
again refused any further concessions to the 
Protestant party. This made him unpopular, but 
he went serenely on his way. At Cambridge he 
advanced the cause of learning, and in a 
thoroughly practical form, for many important 
MSS. were saved by him from destruction, and 
at his death his library of 3,000 volumes, much 
other precious matter, and many valuable auto- 
graphs passed to Corpus. He was modest and 
immensely hospitable, and his quiet goodness 
gained the respect of the greatest in the land. 
After his death, until 1648, his body rested in 
Lambeth Chapel; it was dug up by the Puritans 
and buried under a dunghill; still later Arch- 
bishop Sancroft restored it to its proper place, 
where it now rests. Much of Parker's plate 
passed to Cambridge, and several portraits of the 
primate exist. It was owing to his activity and 
zeal that the edition of the Scriptures in English 
known as " The Bishops' Bible " was put forth 
with full authority. 

26 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Nicholas Bacon, the father of the great sir Nicholas 
philosopher, was at Corpus, and it was by his Bacon 
endeavour that the original Chapel of the Col- (1509-1579) 
lege was built. Possessed of the friendship of ^, 
Burghley, Parker, and Cranmer, and a staunch 
defender of the new learning, he proved of great 
value to Henry, and also aided Elizabeth in her 
endeavours to establish the Church on a firm 
and lasting basis. A strong man and a good 
lawyer, he rose to be Lord Keeper, and his 
policy was well suited for the times in which he 
lived. The Queen visited him at Gorhambury, 
and after she had entered his house he caused 
the doorway to be nailed up, that none of lower 
rank might use it. On the mansion was inscribed 
the verse, in memory of his knighthood — 

Haec cum perfecit Nicholaus tecta Baconus, 

Elizabeth regni lustra fuere duo: 
Factus eques, magni custos fuit ipse sigilli. 

Gloria sit soli tota tributa Deo. 

John Rogers, the first of the Marian martyrs, John Rogers 
was educated at Pembroke. Early in his career (c. 1500-1555) 
he was impressed by Tyndale's translation of the ^^ ^^ ® 
Scriptures, and after the latter's death, by 
burning, Rogers took up the unfinished task, 
using Tyndale's MSS. where possible, and also 
the translation originally brought out by Cover- 
dale. He was himself rather an annotator than 
a translator, and used, for publication purposes, 
the name of Matthew: thus bringing out what 
may be called the Second English Bible. He 

27 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

held the friendship of Cheke, Hooper, and Brad- 
ford: and, though he disliked the questionable 
doings of Edward VI., he yet adhered to the 
new learning. He was eventually tried before 
Gardiner in Mary's reign, and burnt at Smith- 
field. 
Richard Taverner, the writer in favour of the Refor- 

Taverner mation, and the compiler of an edition of the 
(c. 1505-1575) English Bible, which was really a revision of 

°^P- ^- Matthew's, was at Benet (Corpus), and later at 
c. 1523. . 

Gonville Hall. He was originally an Oxford 

man. Several commentaries and other writings 

came from his pen. 

Sir John It was Cheke who, in company with his pupil, 

Cheke Ascham, and with Smith, revived the study of 

^ ' Greek in the University after the departure of 

S. John's 

,-„^ Erasmus. ■ Born somewhere in Petty Curv, his 

c 1526. J . ^ 

King's 1548. father being one of the esquire bedells, he was 
elected to a Fellowship at S. John's, and v/as 
tutor to Burghley, who married his sister.^ His 
lectures as first Regius Professor of Greek at 
Cambridge were greatly valued, and later on he 
was Public Orator and Provost of King's, and 
also tutor to Edward and to Elizabeth. In com- 
pany with Smith he favoured the new pronunci- 
ation of Greek, which w^as somewhat different from 
that in use on the Continent, and was rebuked by 
Gardiner, the Chancellor. On Mary's accession 
he went abroad, but was seized and flung in the 
Tower; then, through trouble and anxiety, he 
abjured his reformed opinions, an act which 
t:aused him keen remorse and brought about 

28 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

his death. He was one of the most influential 

men of the time, and accepted as a great 

scholar. 

In the same year Smith came to Queens', and Sir Thomas 

was the intimate friend of Cheke. Born at Smith 

Saffron Walden, he proved himself a worthy _ 

' ^ "^ Queens' 1526 

scholar, and did much for the University. 

Fellow of his College and Public Orator, he 

joined in advocating the new pronunciation of 

Greek. Later on he was appointed Professor 

of Civil Law, and, was very popular. In 

Edward's reign he became Secretary of State, 

and also held this post under Elizabeth; and 

although in Mary's reign threatening clouds 

gathered, he was permitted to go unmolested. 

He is remembered as one of the most learned 

members of Queens', and as one who by his 

capacity for finance did good service to Cambridge. 

When Gonville Hall admitted John Caius to John Caius 

partake in its life, the College accepted one who (c 1510-1573) 

was to prove famous as a physician, and was Gonville Hal 

. 1529. 

eventually to share with Gonville the honour of 

being joint founder. After becoming Fellow, 

Caius travelled for a time, and studied medicine. 

He then upheld the method of pronouncing 

Greek which Cheke had advocated, and lectured 

on anatomy, and was for many years elected 

President of the Royal College of Physicians. 

His reputation must have been great, for Edward, 

Mary, and Elizabeth all consulted him medically. 

After being given permission to turn Gonville 

Hal] into a College, he became its Master, and 

29 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



built the well-known Gates of Humility, Virtue, 
and Honour. He was suspected of being a 
Roman Catholic, and this fact caused trouble: 
the Fellows and he were on the worst of terms, 
so much so that Parker and Burghley had 
to interfere. Information was given that the 
Master possessed some Popish vestments; an 
enquiry was instituted, and th,e unpopular gar- 
ments were duly burnt in the College Court. 
Continued trouble brought about the Master's 
death. He was buried in the Chapel: the inscrip- 
tion on the tomb is a marvel of good taste, 
'* Vivit post funera virtus Fui Caius." Much 
of his medical writing was of distinct value, his 
treatise " On the sweating sickness " being much 
thought of. 
Boger Ascham, the man of gentle nature, full of 

Ascham originality and strength both in scholarship and 
■' (1515-1568) jj^ social life, did much to give a great name 

• joins ^^ g John's. He was the author of a treatise 
1530. -^ ^ , . 

on archery known as " Toxophilus," which was 

written in excellent English, and of the well- 
known work, " The Scholemaster," which dealt 
with education. He was Fellow of his College 
and Public Orator. Ascham's learning was 
highly valued by Henry, Edward, Mary, Eliza- 
beth and Cardinal Pole. His reputation was 
great, and among his friends were Gardiner, 
Ridley, Redman and Grindah 
John Ponet Ponet, who was Smith's pupil at Queens', and 
(c. 1514-1556) the friend of Cheke and Ascham, became Fellow, 

Queens g^^d was also Chaplain to Cranmer. He was 
c. 1530. 3„ 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

known as a good preacher, and eventually was 
Bishop, first of Rochester, then of Winchester. 
Of the latter See he was deprived by Mary. 

The Reforming party did not have things all Thomas L^ 
their own way at Cambridge. If Caius inclined "Watson 
to favour the Roman Church, Watson also upheld 

S. John's 
it with all his power. Fellow and Dean of ,.oq 

S. John's, he joined with that body of men, 
Ascham, Cheke and Redman, to whom Greek 
learning owes so much. A play called " Abso- 
lom," from Watson's pen, was praised by 
Ascham. He received a congenial appointment 
from Gardiner, who made him his chaplain. As 
Chancellor of the University Gardiner set him 
to hold an enquiry as to the religious state of 
the Colleges. Watson became Master of S. . 

John's, and entered into the well-known disputa- 
tion with Cranmer, Latimer and Ridley at 
Oxford, besides proceeding against Rogers. 
Shortly after, as Bishop of Lincoln, he was for 
a time imprisoned by Elizabeth, but continued 
throughout his life the strong and capable foe of 
the Reformation. 

Cecil Rhodes once said, in a memorable sir Thomas 
document, that modern University officials were Gresham 

" babes in finance." However true this may be, ^^- 1519-1579) 
, ,_ . . , , 1 , r- Gon. & Caius 

the University produced a most capable nnan- 

c. 1535. 

cier in the person of Gresham, who was at 
Gonville and Caius, and knew Dr. John Caius, 
and was connected by marriage with the Bacons. 
He was the son of a London merchant, and in 
touch all through his career with the mercantile 

31 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

life of the City. Gresham made himself useful in 
raising money for Henry VIII. : and, owing to his 
frequent residence at Antwerp, wa^ in a position 
to give his Royal master information of value 
with regard to foreign policy. Gardiner looked 
coldly on his Protestant views, and Mary disliked 
him, but under Elizabeth aiid Burghley he was 
largely consulted in financial matters. Admiring 
the arrangements at Antwerp, his aim was to 
give to London similar buildings, and owing 
to his activity in the matter the Royal Ex- 
change was opened by Elizabeth in great state. 
Stories tell how, when the Queen visited him 
at Osterley, and remarked, on the need of a 
wall in a certain spot, Gresham had it supplied 
the same night. His broadly planned scheme 
for the foundation of Gresham College gave 
evidence of his respect for learning. Cam- 
bridge, however, took alarm, Burghley inter- 
vened, and only the w^U-known lectures and pro- 
fessorships remain as part of what might have 
been a London University. Gresham' s name 
is known to ever\^ Londoner. Some have 
questioned his honesty of method, but none his 
capacity, and all reg-ard his tomb at S. Helen's, 
Bishopsgate, as a fitting memorial to a great citizen. 
Edmund Pembroke gave a home to Grindal, who had, 

Grindal f^^j- ^ short while, been at Magdalene and 

(c. - 'Christ's: he became Fellow and Proctor, and 
Pembroke 
1535 argued on the Protestant side before Edward's 

Commissioners. On Maiy's accession he went 

abroad, came in contact with Peter Martyr, and 

32 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



returned to be Master of Pembroke, though he 
did little for the College. Before long he became 
Bishop of London, but was far from being the 
right man for the post: he had doubts as to the 
wearing of vestments, and the Diocese, full as 
it was of Puritan clergy, needed a strong hand 
to rule after the unsettlement of recent years. 
Old S. Paul's was burnt during his tenure of 
the See, and he had to amass funds for the 
building of the new Cathedral. Partly owing 
to his failure as Bishop of London he was 
removed to York, and Burghley later placed 
him at Canterbur>\ His lack of strength of 
character was evident there also, and Elizabeth. 
who wanted order and decency to prevail, let 
her dissatisfaction be known. In feeble health, 
with a growing trouble of blindness, the Arch- 
bishop was no match for the <iifficulties of those 
unsettled times, and he died as he was about 
to resign. A learned man, and full of great personal 
charm, he was the friend of Ridley and Whitgift, 
and left to his College both plate and money. 

Edwin Sandys, who became Archbishop of Edwin Sandyu 
York, was at S. John's. He was Proctor, and (c. 1516-158S) 
later. Master of S. Catharine's, and \'ice-Chan- 5. Johns 

cellor, and the friend of Bucer and also of Peter ^ ^; ^ , _^ 

S. Lath, 1547 
Martyr. Mary, on her advent to the throne. 

removed him from the Mastership owing to his 
advocacy of the cause of Lady Jane Grey, and 
for a time he was in prison along with Bradford 
in the Tower. EUzabeth made him Bishop of 
Worcester, and shortly after he succeeded 

33 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Grindal at London, and subsequently at York. 
He was learned and able in many ways, and yet 
cannot be called a great bishop: at a time when 
tact was essential he set the Romanists against 
him, and let his bias towards Puritanism be too 
much in evidence. 
William Cecil Great ministers gather round great rulers. If 
Lord Elizabeth was strong and capable, so also was 
. J^ Burghley, who ably helped forward all her en- 

S. John's deavours. Coming to S. John's, he later 
1535. married Cheke's sister, and, after studying law, 
entered into political life. His efiforts were 
directed towards the discovery of openings for 
English trade, and the settlement of the throne 
upon a firm and enduring basis. Gifted with 
strong family affection, and appreciation of his 
high position, while combining caution with far- 
reaching endeavour, he worked with all possible 
energy for the end he had in view. Realising the 
promise of the times, Burghley buckled on his 
armour for the great task which fate had put in 
his hands, and aimed at the advancement of his 
country, carrying with him in all his endeavours 
the good will of the Queen, who was wise enough 
to see that her great name was being made even 
greater by his shrewd sagacity. Retaining to the 
last a sincere affection for Cambridge and for 
S. John's, he is regarded by the University as one 
whose powerful influence largely advanced her 
cause. 

34 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Perne, who was Fellow of S. John's, and then Andrew 

of Queens', Proctor, several times Vice-Chan- ^e^-ne 

cellor, and for years the renowned head of '^' 

^ S. John's 

Peterhouse, was one of those men who, together ,.^^ 

with great ability, possessed a marvellous elas- Peterhouse 
ticity of religious view. Edward made him his 1554. 
Chaplain: he assented to Mary's ways, and was 
able to protect Whitgift when Pole was dis- 
pleased with him; he preached when the bodies 
of Fagius and Bucer were exhumed and publicly 
burnt; he also assented when their names were 
restored to honour by decree of the Senate, and 
later he was in favour: with Elizabeth, who 
thought him, as well she might, of wavering 
tendency. He became Dean of Ely, and built 
the library of Peterhouse, to which College he 
also left his books. 

Those v/ho have owed their spiritual and moral Sir Walter 
well-being to the University have often given of Mildmay 

their worldly substance in due course to found 2 - a | 

Chr. c. 1540. 
a College. It was so with Bateman; it was so ' " 

\n\h Alcock; it was so with Mildmay, who 
founded Emmanuel. We may remember also 
recently the foundation of the Rhodes Scholar- 
ships in the sister University. Mildmay had 
been at Christ's, though he took no degree. 
Passing into the favour of Edward and Elizabeth 
as a competent financier, he became Chancellor 
of the Exchequer. Determining to found a Col- 
lege at Cambridge, he purchased the site of the 
Black Friars, or Dominican monks, in S. An- 
drew's Street, and the buildings were opened as 

35 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Emmanuel College with great ceremony. Eliza- 
beth suspected Puritanism, and Mildmay replied 
in the well-known sentence, " I have set an 
acorn, which, when it becomes an oak, God alone 
knows what will be the fruit thereof." The 
founder lies buried at S. Bartholomew's, Smith- 
field, and several portraits of him are to be seen 
at the College. 
John Dec S. John's was the home of Dee, who indulged 
(1527-1608) \yi studies that were popularly supposed to be 
•'^ " ^ magical. He had an aptitude for hard work, 
allowing himself remarkably little rest and 
recreation, and became one of the original 
Fellows of Trinity. Dee's reputation as a Greek 
scholar and most capable mathematician foHowed 
him to foreign Universities, where, owing to his 
eccentricities, he was not always a welcome 
visitor. Cheke introduced him to Edward. 
Mary was strongly suspicious of his possessing 
an evil influence over her, while Elizabeth made 
him Prebendary of S. Paul's, and consulted him 
with reference to astronomical facts. He pro- 
phesied a favourable day for her coronation, and 
she once went to see his magic glass. Later 
in life he apparently fell into the hands of an 
impostor named Kelly, and was persuaded to 
proclaim the fact that an elixir which he had 
discovered would turn iron into gold. By his 
crystal-gazing, secrets were supposed to be 
revealed, and it was commonly reputed that he 
held intercourse with the spirit world. The 
reform of the Julfan calendar was entrusted to 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

him^ but conservative opposition caused this to 

fall through. Several of his works were printed; 

some exist in MS. at Cambridge, and some are 

at the British Museum, where may also be seen 

Dee's crystal globe and his consecrated cakes of 

wax. His career was a curious one, and his 

reputation as an astrologer was great. 

He who excels in theory often fails in practice; Thomas 

this was true of Tusser, the Essex man, known Tusser 

as the British Varro, who could write good poetry («?■ 1524-1580) 

on agriculture, and yet was a most indifferent ^ ^ ./ 
*^ ^ Tnn. Hall 

farmer. Starting as a chorister at S. Paul's,* he ^^^^ 
was at King's and Trinity Hall. His book, " A 
hundred good points of husbandry," was a 
strange work, not great, but valuable in its 
notice of old customs. Scott and Southey ad- 
mired it, and some of his sayings are still 
remembered; but it brought him little gain, and 
his business life was a failure. 

John Bradford, the man of saintly life, who John Bradford 
met his death by burning, started his Cambridge (c 1510-1555) 
course at S. Catharine's. Beloved by all, and of ^* ^^*"- 
strict ascetic life, he passed his time in prayer k i=i40 
and study. Pembroke gave him a Fellowship. 
In due course he became a preacher of note, 
and had Whitgift as his pupil. In Mary's day 
he was arrested and imprisoned with Cranmer, 
Latimer, and Ridley — even among these other 
prisoners his evident saintliness shone forth 
Bonner and Gardiner tried him for heresy, and 
after various disputations this man of gentle 

* McDonnell's " History of S. Paul's School," p. 29. 

37 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



nature and sweet simplicity met his death at 

Smithfield, quoting with his last breath " Straight 

is the way and narrow the gate that leadeth to 

salvation, and few there bie that find it." The 

well-knoAvn saying came from him, as he saw a 

criminal going to execution, " But for the grace 

of God there goes John Bradford." His portrait 

is in Pembroke Hall. 

Sir Francis There are times in every nation's history which 

■Walsinghara require strong yet delicate handling. Elizabeth 

(c. 1530-1590) reigned at a difficult time in England, but the 

King s 154 . g^j.Qj^g j^gj^ ^Q j^gjp ^yQYe at hand. Burghley soon 

noticed the sterHng character of Francis Walsing- 

ham, who was at King's, but took no degree. 

Of marked abihty, he saw^ the diplomatic moves 

needed, and took them unflinchingly. By his 

watchfulness the plotting of Mary, Queen of 

Scots, and of many others was brought to light. 

He worked for the public good unselfishly and 

well, and was valued accordingly by his 

Sovereign. 

Martin Eucer Martin Bucer, though not a Cambridge man, 

(1491-1551) held, by Cranmer's wish, the post of Regius 

at Camb. Professor of Divinity in the University, just as 

Peter Martyr, also by Cranmer's desire, held the 

similar post at Oxford. The influence exerted 

by Bucer, learned as he was, on the changes then 

being wrought in the English Book of Common 

Prayer, appears to have been small. During his 

last illness he v^^as attended by Bradford, and at 

his funeral in Great S. Mary's Parker preached 

the sermon. 

38 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Cartwright, who was virtually the founder of Thomas 

the Puritan party in England, had been trained Cartwright 

at S. John's. He was made Fellow first of ^ 

^ . . . S. John's 

S. John's College, and then of Trniity, and his ,.cq 

learning was widely known. He had consider- 
able pulpit eloquence, and his ardent advocacy; 
of the views he held stirred up the members of 
both these Colleges to make their protest against 
the use of the surplice. Cartwright incurred the 
censure of Cecil, and fled for a while. On his 
return he became Margaret Professor, and was 
more insistent than ever on Puritan teaching. 
That he should retain this chair, and at the same 
time use all his influence to undo the Church 
whose principles he was supposed to uphold, 
was manifestly wTong; he stopped at no half 
measures, everything that the Church of Eng- 
land held dear was scoffed at by him and his 
party. S. Mary's became crammed on Sunday 
to hear what the stalwart Puritan would say. 
"VVhitgift, who had been Margaret Professor and 
was at that jtime Vice-Chancellor of the Uni- 
versity, saw that things were going too far, and 
tried to stem the Puritan tide. Chaderton, Pre- 
sident of Queens' College, and Grindal, joined in 
the endeavour to promote peace, and Cartvv^right 
was eventually suspended from his Professorship 
and deprived of his Fellowship. The authori- 
ties had triumphed over the Puritan party, and 
Cartwright's day was past. Whatever his faults, 
he was a man of signal ability, who proved a 
strong antagonist to all who tried to cope with him. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

JohnWhitgift John Whitgift was at Pembroke while Ridley 

(1530-1604) y^^as Master, and John Bradford was one of the 

Pemb. 1550 j-gsident Fellows. He later accepted the Mar- 
Trinity 1567 ^ ^ , . , , ^^ ... 
garet Professorship, and became Master of his 

• College. After holding these posts for a time^ 

he was made Master of Trinity and Regius 

Professor of Divinity. In his early days his 

views seemed to incline to Calvinism, and to some 

extent he was associated with Cartwright, but 

as his thoughts matured he saw that the only 

hope for the Church of England lay in vigorous 

maintenance of authority, and he became one 

of Cartwright's foremost opponents. As Bishop 

of Worcester the same firmness characterised 

him: he lived in considerable state, won over the 

leading churchmen of his Diocese to his side, 

and ruled with an iron hand. As Archbishop 

of Canterbury, he refused to deviate from the 

line he had taken up. Puritans and Papists alike 

found he was a force to be reckoned with, and 

John Penry as -' Martin Marprelate " attacked 

him with considerable bitterness. Whitgift 

considered the great need for the Church was 

uniformity, and uniformity he determined to 

have. His unflinching attitude gained him many 

enemies, but he believed in governing, and 

achieved his aim. His learning was great, and 

his -' Answer " to Cartwright's attack was very 

able. If in some quarters he has been regarded 

as a persecutor, it must be remembered he lived 

at a time when danger of all kinds threatened. 

The Armada came in his day, and he arranged the 

40 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

thanksgiving on its overthrow. Drake, Frobisher, 
Raleigh, Hawkins, and Shakespeare were his con- 
temporaries, and Hooker was his trusted counsellor. 



Chaderton, who matriculated at Pembroke, William 

was, later on, Fellow of Christ's, and early Chaderton 

-',.,. TT u (c. 1340-1608) 

attracted the notice of Elizabeth. He became „ , _^,, 

Pemb. 1553) 

President of Queens', and succeeded Whitgift Queens' 1568 

in the Margaret chair as also in the post of 

Regius Professor of Divinity. It fell to his lot 

to see Cartwright, as occupant of the post he 

himself had vacated, attack every form of Church 

government, and, relying on Cecil's help, 

he gave all the support he could to Whitgift, 

who was working hard to procure Cartwright's 

deprivation. He became shortly after Bishop of 

Chester, and then of Lincoln. He had the same 

aims as Andrewes, and the friendship between 

the two men, especially in the matter of religious 

study, was very strong. 



Bancroft who, in succession to Whitgift, be- 
came Archbishop of Canterbury, was at Christ's, 
and afterwards undertook the Tutorship at Jesus. 
Appointed one of the twelve Preachers of the 
University, he strenuously opposed Puritanism, 
and soon passed to be Bishop of London. His 
temper was at times hasty, but for all that he 
was the right man for the times. His aim was 
to bind together the discordant elements in the 
Church, and to make a stand for all that bore 
the mark of well-grounded tradition. 

41 



Bichard 
Bancroft 

(1544-1610) 
Christ's 
c. 1562. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Laurence Laurence Chaderton, the tutor of Christ's, had 

Chaderton strong but controlled Puritan leanings, and was 

(c. 1536-1640) selected by Sir Walter Mildmay as first Master 

^ ,,^, of the newly-founded College of Emmanuel. He 
Emm. 1584. •' ° 

was for fifty years afternoon lecturer at S. 
Clement's. Cartwright and Whitaker were 
among his friends, and Bancroft, though not 
agreeing with him, respected him. He lived to 
the age of 103, and lies buried at the entrance 
of the Chapel of his College. 

Thomas The buildings of Trinity are a joy to all who 

l^^evile admire architecture, and Nevile, the Master 

(c. 1548-1615) Yvho built the great court and also what is 

Pembroke ]^j^q^^,j^ ^g Nevile's court, has earned our grati- 

c 1564 

,, ', ,^„^ tudc for all time. He was Fellow of Pembroke 
Maga. 1582 

Trin. 1592. ^"^ Proctor, and for a time Master of Magdalene, 
and afterwards Dean of Canterbury. It fell to him 
to entertain James I. on his visit to the University. 
His motto, aptly chosen, was '* ne vile velis." 

William William Whitaker, the friend of Laurence 

Whitaker Chaderton, and the Puritan divine who gained 
(1548-1595) the appreciation of Bellarmine as an able 
antagonist, was a Fellow of Trinity, subse- 
quently Regius Professor, and a great Master 
of S. John's. 



Trin. 1564 

S. John's 

1586. 



Stephen Perse ^'ersc, the prosperous physician who made 

(1548-1615) nioney by his profession, and did great good 

Gon. & Caius with it by founding in the town the School 

1565. named after him, Vv^as a Fellow of Gonville and 

Caius. He lies buried in the College Chapel. 

42 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

In the same year William Morgan came to William 

S. John's, and gained the help of Whitgift. He Morgan 

became Bishop of Llandaff, and later of S. Asaph, ^''- 1540-1604) 

... , , , , S. John's 

and is known a.s the divme who translated the 

Bible into Welsh. 

The University was at this time educating men sir Edward 

whose lives were to be closely interwoven in the Coke 

^reat affairs of State. Cecil, the futm-e Lord (1552-1634) 

_ , , , , -o Trinity 1567. 

Burghley, Coke, the greatest of lawyers, Bacon, 

the deepest of thinkers, Essex, the favourite of 
Elizabeth, and Cecil, Earl of SaUsbury. Coke, -- 

who had been the pupil of Whitgift at Trinity, 
and the friend of Nevile, rose to be Solicitor- 
General, Attorney-General, and afterwards Chief 
Justice. Terrible as a pleader, able to wound 
by his satire and violent language, he proved an 
opponent before whom men trembled. Essex, 
Southampton, and Raleigh, and the Gunpowder 
Conspirators, found this to their cost— and yet 
he fought for the right. In an age when venality 
was common, in a reign when high ideals were 
hardly in fashion, Coke held his own, declaimed 
against meanness of heart and lack of rectitude, 
and became a power in the land. The rivalry 
between him and Bacon continued through life, 
and though for a time Coke was under dis- 
pleasure, he rose again, and was one who greatly 
assisted in bringing about Bacon's fall. His 
legal writings were considered of great value. 

Spenser, the author of " Faerie Queene," and^ Edmund 
one of the brilHant band of Elizabethan poets, Spenser 

is amono- the most honoured sons of Pembroke. ^^- 1552-1599) 
^ Pemb. 1569. 

43 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Educated at Merchant Taylors' School, and like 
Chaucer and Milton, a Londoner born, revelling 
in Cambridge life, and in the friendship of An- 
drewes, he read Latin and Greek, and also 
French and German, but took no high degree. 
The " Shepheard's Calender " was one of his 
first publications, and speedily brought him into 
notice. A post in Ireland attracted him, but he 
never cared for the Irish people, and left after 
a few years. Then came three books of the 
" Faerie Queene," and after some time the re- 
maining parts were published. For most, this 
work has a great attraction ; all that is pure and 
refined is vigorously upheld, and the evil in life 
exposed and dethroned. It had a fascination for 
people then, and at the present day it continues 
to be both admired and treasured. Spenser re- 
turned to Ireland only to grieve and fret and to 
be ruined by Tyrone's rebellion: his castle was 
burnt over his head, and he went back to Eng- 
land, broken in spirit. Jonson relates that he 
died in Westminster " for lack of bread." He 
was, however, given a grand funeral — Beaumont, 
Fletcher, Jonson, and, very possibly, Shake- 
speare, attended, brought with them funeral 
elegies and poems, and threw them together 
with the pens that wrote them, into the open 
grave.* It was for Chaucer that he had often 
expressed his admiration, and it was by Chau- 



* Stanley, " Westminster Abbey," p. 253. 

44 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

cer's side he was laid in the Abbey. A short 

time after, this inscription was placed above 

him: — 

Hie prope Chaucerum situs est Spenserius, illi 

Proximus ingenio, proximus et tumulo. 

The name of Robert Browne is held in Robert 

reverence as, in effect, the leader of the Con- Browne 

gregationalists. Coming from a good Rutland- ^^ " ' 
. . . Corp. Chr. 

shire family, he entered Corpus m 1570. He was ^-„„ 

probably ordained, but submission to Bishops 
sat hardly on him, and he had little sympathy 
with the parochial system. For him the end 
and aim was to advance righteousness, and to 
form a congregation of the elect, and for this 
purpose he preached vigorously everywhere. His 
followers became known as " Brownists." His 
views were somewhat narrow, for on a visit 
abroad he refused to join himself even with 
Cartwright. Trouble ensued, and he was even- 
tually imprisoned and excommunicated. Later 
on he settled down to a quieter life. His 
eloquence gained many adherents, and of his 
sincerity no one had doubted, but he was one 
who fretted under restraint, and pursued an 
" eccentric line." He followed a career which 
proved subversive of authority, while all the 
time endeavouring to do his best to enlarge the 
Kingdom of Christ. 

In the following year John Smith, who is John Smith 
regarded as the founder of the English Baptists, ( • -I6I2) 
came as a sizar to Christ's, and in due course ^ ^ 
became Fellow. 

45 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Francis Bacon Thoughtful men have differed to some extent 

Lord jj^ their estimate of Bacon. Brilliant he cer- 

tainly was, eifted with a mighty mmd which 
(1561-1626) ^ > & ^ ^ 

T ■ 1573 looked at things from such a lofty standpoint 

that he ranks as almost the greatest thinker 
that Cambridge has trained. No man ever 
started with a grander ambition; he knew the 
vast extent of his own mental endowment, and 
his aim was to acquire almost universal know- 
ledge, to bring all nature under conquest by the 
careful study of ascertainable facts, to alter 
almost the whole course of human thought, and 
to do all this for the good of his fellow-men. 
And yet his career, splendid as it was, appar- 
rently was not all that it should have been; some 
regarded him as a doubtful friend: they thought 
that he cringed somewhat at times, and marked 
how weaker natures were able, with some show 
of truth, to call his motives into question. He 
came to Trinity, at the age of 12, under the rule 
of Whitgift. Burghley, although he was his 
uncle, did little enough to help him on, and 
Salisbury hardly viewed him with favour. One 
man, Essex, was his true and whole-hearted 
friend : in every way he tried to advance him, 
and when Essex fell, it was said that Bacon's 
devotion to his country justified his apparent 
forgetfulness of friendship's tie. For years 
Bacon saw his rival, Coke, achieve greater 
success than he did himself. But at last he 
rose and was made Solicitor-General, then Attor- 
ney-General, and finally Lord Chancellor and 

46 



Viscount S. Albans. All the time he had been 
preparing his vast work, the " Instauratio 
Magna," of which King James remarked with 
customary flippancy, " It was like the peace of 
God, for it passed all understanding." At the 
acme of his success, signs appeared of the coming 
storm. He was accused of conniving at wrong 
and of taking bribes to prevent justice. Pro- 
bably there was some truth in the statement; 
he had submitted possibly to a state of things 
which he regarded as part of a system, and he 
had not realized all that it meant. Anyhow he 
fell, and was for a time in the Tower. In a 
way his punishment was remitted, but his day 
of prosperity was over, and he shortly after 
passed away in sorrow, and was buried at 
S. Albans, in S. Michael's church. As a philo- 
sopher he ranks supremely high. His great 
effort, the " Instauratio," had six main parts, 
and of these the " De Augmentis " and the 
" Novum Organum " shewed marvellous power. 
He attempted to give a new idea to the world: 
generalization, he taught, must be qualified by 
systematic examination of facts, which should 
lead on to really advanced knowledge: he 
started, as it were, the thought of the experi- 
mental and inductive niethod in science which 
others were to work out. He remains, what- 
ever his faults, one of the greatest of English 
philosophers, and his name will never be for- 
gotten. 

47 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Pembroke 
c. 1573, 



Lanceiot Andrewes, the saintly Bishop, whose " Devo- 

Andrewes tions " are still widely used in the religious 
^ ^" 7 world, was Master of Pembroke. Trained at 
Merchant Taylors', and quickly letting his ability 
be known at Cambridge, he soon held rank as 
the equal in learning of Ussher, and was well- 
nigh the foremost theologian and preacher of 
his day. First as Dean of Westminster, and then 
as Bishop consecutively of Chichester, Ely, and 
Winchester, he advanced the greatness of the 
Church of England. His position was a definite 
one: with no Romish bias, and certainly without 
the Puritan mind, he upheld the well-founded 
Catholicity of the English Church, and regarded 
■' the beauty of holiness " as the legitimate rule 
for her worship. Incense was burnt in some 
of the services he conducted, and his private 
chapel was rich in its furnished beauty. Studious 
beyond all credit, he was said to be master of 
fifteen languages, and his help was of the 
greatest value in the translating of the Bible. 
His sermons were renowned for their scholarly 
attainments — in fact, so carefully were they 
prepared, that he himself uttered the memorable 
saying, that when in the same day -' he preached 
twice, he prated once." Wren, Cosin, Laud, 
and Fuller were among his friends, and Bacon 
and Milton greatly admired him. " Andrewes," 
says Dean Church, '- claimed for the English 
Church its full interest and membership in the 
Church universal, from which Puritan and 
Romanist alike would cut off the island Church 

48 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

by a gulf as deep as the sea. The spirit of 
historical investigation had awoke in England, 
as in the rest of Europe, against the passion for 
abstract and metaphysical argument, which had 
marked and governed the earlier stages of the 
Reformation. Widened knowledge had done 
much for Andrewes and the men of his school. 
Field, Donne, and Overall, may I not add, in 
this matter, Andrewes' close friend Lord Bacon ? 
History had enlarged their ideas of the Church 
universal. . . . They opened their eyes and 
saw that the prerogatives which the Puritans 
confined to an invisible church, and which Rome 
confined to the obedience of the Pope, belonged 
to the universal historical Church, lasting on 
with varied fortunes through all the centuries 
from the day of Pentecost."* The good Bishop's 
tomb is an object of reverent interest in the 
Lady Chapel of Southwark Cathedral. 

In the same year there came to King's, William Sir William 
Temple, the Eton man, who has left a name as Temple 
a philosophical writer, taking the side of 'Uhe < 1555-1627) 
Ramists " as followers of the French writer, Peter 
Ramus, against the upholders of the logic of 
Aristotle. Probably the first book ever published 
by the University Press came from his pen. 
He became Provost of Trinity College, Dublin, 
and secretary to Sir Philip Sidney, who is said 
to have died in his arms. 



Lancelot Andrewes, by Richard W. Church. 
49 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Robert Greene Greene, the dramatist, was a sizar at S. John's, 

(c. 1560-1592) but subsequently migrated to Clare. Numerous 

S. John s pi^ys ^n(j romances came from his pen, and it 
1575. 

was said that Shakespeare borrowed one of his 

plots to put in the " Winter's Tale." He was 
the friend, in later years, of Nash, also a 
dramatist, and also a sizar of S. John's. His 
character, certainly, was not lofty, but his 
realistic stories and his verse gained consider- 
able appreciation. 
John Overall Overall, the scholarly Bishop of Norwich, 
(1560-1619) where he succeeded Jegon, was at S. John's, and 
S. John's then Fellow of Trinity. Honours came rapidly 
^^^^ to him, and he rose to be Regius Professor of 

Divinity and Master of S. Catharine's. He was 
isyo. 

soon called to a fwider sphere, and became Dean 
of S. Paul's, and was subsequently raised to the 
Episcopate. He knew Cosin at Cambridge, and is 
credited with being the learned author of the second 
or sacramental part of the Church Catechism. 
Henry Constable, who is known as a poet, and was 

'* Constable the friend of Sir Philip Sidney, came as Fellow 
(1562-1613) Commoner to S. John's. His chief work was 
S. John's .. Diana," and he also wrote several sonnets. 
His efforts in poetry were not unappreciated at 
Cambridge. 
William Lee Lee, the inventor of the stocking frame, came 
( ? -1610) to S, John's after being a sizar at Christ's. It 
Chr. 1579. is said that dislike of seeing his fiancee con- 
S. Jo n s tinually knitting made him turn his thoughts to 
mechanical making of stockings, and his inven- 
tion was the outcome. 

50 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, the favourite Robert 

for many years of Elizabeth, was, like Coke and Devereux 

Bacon, a pupil of Whitgift at Trinity. Burghley 

^ ^ . & J- (1567-1601) 

helped him on, and when he himself ceased to q. • , -«g 

be Chancellor of Cambridge Essex took his 
place. Of fair attainments and considerable 
culture, and a most generous friend, as Bacon 
could testify, he was yet impetuous and vain. 
He captured and sacked Cadiz, and was publicly 
eulogised in S. Paul's, and was shortly after sent 
by the Queen to conquer Ireland lest it should 
fall under the power of the Spanish King. He 
mismanaged the affair entirely, and hurried back, 
without leave, straight to the presence of Eliza- 
beth. The Queen was highly incensed; Essex 
TV as arrested, and although he was shortly re- 
leased, he was in complete disfavour. Angered 
at the loss of lucrative posts, he tried to lead the 
city of London on to a foolish insurrection, and 
found himself arraigned for treason. He had 
nought but his own foolhardiness to blame. In 
a way he was still vastly popular, and his trial 
and condemnation, which, to some extent, at 
least, was brought about by Bacon, who felt 
that out of duty to the State he was bound to 
oppose his former devoted friend and patron, is 
melancholy reading. He was found guilty and 
executed near the Tower, and the nation, not- 
withstanding his fault, grieved at his downfall. 
Three years previously Burghley had unwittingly 
foreshadowed coming events : the aged statesman 
had urged Elizabeth to end the war with Spain, 

51 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

and when Essex thoughtlessly advised it should 

be continued, Bacon pulled a psalter from his 

pocket and read the verse, " The bloodthirsty and 

deceitful men shall not live out half their days " 

— a warning which proved strikingly true.* 

, Christopher Marlowe, the most distinguished of those 

\/ Marlowe dramatists who preceded Shakespeare, is said 

(1564-1593) ^^ hsive been at Corpus Christi after receiving 

,-"^ ' his education at the King's School, Canterbury. 

lOoU. 

Shakespeare was probably, to some extent, in- 
fluenced by him, and possibly Ben Jonson. 
Little that is good can be told of his private 
life, and he is said to have met his death in a 
discreditable brawl at the deplorably early age 
of 29. Marlowe is a writer whose plays are 
receiving increased recognition: it is worth 
remembering that a version of '' The Tragical 
History of Dr. Faustus " was seen by Goethe 
when' a hoy, and mad,e a profound impression on 
him. The importance of such a circumstance 
can hardly be over-estimated. 
John Penry Cartwright's teaching found full vent in the 
(1559-1593) restless spirit of Penry. Earnest and trenchant, 
keen in attack, and a tireless partizan, he deter- 
mined that, if he could bring it about, Calvinism 
should triumph in England. That his strong 
line failed to commend itself to many proved 
no hindrance to him; convinced of his own 
rectitude, he gave himself up to achieve his aim^ 
however impolitic and undesired the achievement 
might be. He had entered at Peterhouse, and 

* Prothero, " Psalms in Human Life," p. 160. 
52 



Peterhouse 
1580 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

after undertaking fervid preaching in Wales, 
found himself brought up for heresy before 
Archbishop Whitgift. The mention of bishops 
stirred his inmost spleen : he attacked them with 
vigorous onslaught. For years the " Marpr elate 
Tracts " shewed how far vituperation could go ; 
with zeal that knew no limit, and persistence that 
sadly lacked prudence, he went on his way, until 
a charge of sedition against State and Throne 
eventually procured his death by hanging. 

It falls to the lot of some men to do pioneer Sir Henry 
research work in quarters where later workers Spelman 
profit by the carefully garnered facts, and ^^" ^564-1641) 
receive a large share of the awarded praise. 
To some extent this is true of Spelman, the 
Trinity man, who, in the most painstaking way, 
collected an immense store of information which 
he published in his " Glossary," a valuable 
work completed by Dugdale. He further com- 
piled " Councils, Decrees, Laws, and Constitu- 
tions of the English Church," a lengthy record 
which was of service in the greater compilations 
by Haddan and Stubbs. Spelman had the cause 
of the Church at heart, and was the friend of 
Ussher, Abbot, and Laud. By marriage he was 
connected with the L'Estranges, of Hunstanton, 
and his devoted attachment to his work deserves 
all praise. 

The College of S. John is rightly proud of Rol)ert Cecil 

Earl of 
its connexion with the house of Cecil. William, Salisbury 

Lord Burghley, was at the College, and proved g^ jo^n^s 
to be one of the most influential Chancellors of 1581, 

53 



1582. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

the University; and his son, Robert, Earl of 
Salisbury, the cousin of Francis Bacon, followed 
in his father's steps as member of the College 
and Chancellor. Salisbury proved, as Secretary 
of State and then Lord Treasurer, a strong 
minister, and by quiet and far-sighted foreign 
diplomacy did much to advance England's great- 
ness, and accorded to James service no less 
acceptable than had been given to Elizabeth. 
Thomai Morton was another of those prelates who, 

Morton under Puritan supremacy, suffered severely for 
(1564-1659) his faith. As Fellow of S. John's, he early gave 
S. John s evidence of his learning by publishing " Apologia 
Catholica," which was an able defence of the 
Church of England, and which it was said 
the Romanists found difficulty in answering. 
Strongly ascetic and living for study, the friend 
of Donne and Bancroft, and of Andrewes and 
Hooker and Laud, he is said also to have known 
Fuller and Walton. Advanced to Chester, then 
to Lichfield, and then to Durham, he experienced 
in his tenure of the latter See much that might 
have crushed a less worthy man. He was an 
able controversialist against Roman opponents, 
and his gentle conciliation often did much to 
soften their opposition, but his position as 
Bishop of a See contiguous to Scotland made 
him a marked man, and he came under the 
eager dislike of the Puritans. Driven from his 
seat in the House of Lords, he was imprisoned 
and removed from his See, but never for a 
moment abated his claim, advanced with all 

54 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Christian charity, to be Bishop of Durham still. 
The State might decree that bishops were finally 
dispensed with, but Morton continued by word 
and act, whatever the danger, to let all know 
that the episcopal office would never in this 
world be undone. His determination greatly 
helped others in difficult times, and at last, at 
the age of 95, he entered into a well earned 
and honourable rest. 

Nash, the dramatist, was, as Greene before Thomas Nasfe 
him, at S. John's as a sizar. He held the (1567-1601) U 

friendship of Marlowe. He wrote unequally: at '^^^^^ 
times he published plays, and at times gave forth 
fierce denunciation of the Puritan writer Mar- 
prelate. His character cannot be considered 
very reputable, and his writing throughout lacked 
refinement. 

Boyle, better known as the great Earl of Cork, Richard Boyle 
a Statesman of note in the reign of James I., Earl of Cork 
was at Corpus Christi College. It has often ^^^^^^^^^^ 
been shewn that universities can produce Empire j^^sa. 
builders, and in his day Boyle did much to help 
on the prosperity of Ireland. By the erection of 
bridges, harbours, and towers, he opened the 
way to commerce, and is credited with having 
done much to benefit the island, and to ward off 
rebellion. 

Visitors to S. Paul's Cathedral have probably John Donne 

noticed in the south choir aisle a strange ^\^'^^'\ll^^ 

J J Tnti. 15o/t 

memorial. It is the figure of a dead man 

wrapped in a winding-sheet, and, as it were, 
issuing from an urn. This monument is the 

55 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

only one which survived the fire in old S. Paul's, 
and is in memory of Dean Donne, who, born 
of Roman Catholic parents, and connected at 
first with Oxford, seems later to have studied 
at Trinity, Cambridge, but took no degree. 
His early life was unsettled, but later he gave 
himself to the writing of books, and after careful 
thought and study of the question, definitely 
decided to embrace the faith of the Church of 
England. He was noticed by James I., and, at 
the age of 42, acting on the earnest solicitation 
of friends, he took orders, and quickly became 
famed as a scholar, thinker, and preacher. All 
the great men of the day were his friends — Ben 
Jonson, Francis Bacon, Hall, Montagu, An- 
drewes, George Herbert, Isaac Walton, and 
Nicholas Ferrar. He first obtained the preacher- 
ship of Lincoln's Inn, and his sermons were held 
in such repute that he was advanced to the 
Deanery of S. Paul's. Known as the " poet 
preacher," he carried on an active ministry with 
complete devotion, and exercised an influence 
that was immense. His steadfastness of purpose 
is to be traced in the motto he chose to be 
carved on his monument, " Hie licet in occiduo 
cinere aspicit Eum cujus nomen est Oriens." 
Samuel Ward Ward, who entered at Christ's, became Fellow 
(c. 1570-1643) of Emmanuel, was then Fellow of the newly- 
Chr. c. 1588 founded College of Sidney Sussex, and after 
Sid. Sussex gQj^g years passed to the Mastership. His in- 
fluence at Cambridge was great. He favoured 
Puritan teaching, and in consequence found 

56 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Montagu an opponent, but was a convinced 
upholder of the Church of England. The Mar- 
garet chair was offered to him, and in time he 
found himself unable to go to the lengths 
which Presbyterianism had then reached, and in 
consequence for a time, together with others, 
suffered imprisonment in S. John's. He was 
intimate with Ussher, Williams, Hall, and 
Davenant, and his '' Diary" which he left is still in 
the possession of Sidney, where also he lies buried 

To be Bishop in the days of the Common- Joseph Hall 
wealth was to find life no bed of roses, as Hall, (1574-1656) 
the Fellow of Emmanuel, who rose to be Bishop Emm. 1589. 
of Norwich, found to his cost. Learned and 
scholarly, he was put forward by James to up- 
hold episcopacy at the Synod of Dort. His first 
promotion was to Exeter, and he took up there 
a strong Church line. Steadily opposed to the 
Papal power, he yet held, along with Laud, and 
Morton, and Davenant, that the Church of Eng- 
land claimed to be fully Catholic. The eager 
Puritan opposition to all Church views gave him 
trouble, but for his learning and deep piety his 
opponents had full respect. It fell to him, in 
the company of Ussher and Williams, to oppose 
tooth and nail the measure which aimed at 
removing Bishops from their seats in the House 
of Lords. He was regarded as a doughty 
champion, and for a time imprisonment in the 
Tower was his reward. On returning to 
Norwich his troubles increased: his revenues 
were seized, his goods were looted, and his 

57 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

cathedral stormed. He had perforce to remove 
to a village near, and there continued to 
manifest in adversity a truly noble character. 
Among his works may be mentioned his " Con- 
templations," which are still read, and " Christian 
Meditations." A book of his, the " Satires," 
written while he was at the University, is also 
well known. 
Benjamin The age of Elizabeth, remarkable in many 
Jonson ways, was particularly characterised by the great 
(c. 1573-1637) number and the extraordinary attainments of 
literary men. Amongst the greatest of these was 
Ben Jonson, perhaps the only man of whom it 
can be said, in some sense, that he shared the 
palm with Shakespeare, whose birth preceded his 
own by six years. He is supposed to have been 
at S. John's, after an earlier bringing up at West- 
minster School. He betook himself to London, 
and became connected, as were so many other 
writers, with the stage. He moved freely in 
that inner circle of which Bacon, Inigo Jones, 
Donne, Shakespeare, Herrick, Chapman, Fletcher 
and Beaumont formed part, and he was recog- 
nised as holding an important literary position, 
and as being a man of great originality and 
strength. " Every man in his Humour " was 
published in 1598, and several other dramas, the 
" Alchemist " being one of the most important. 
To his pen we owe also many epitaphs, epigrams, 
and songs, " Drink to me only with thine eyes '* 
being one of the best known of these. Notwith- 
standing his literary power, he seems to have 

58 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

amassed no fortune, and his end was saddened 
by poverty and disappointment which even the 
patronage of King Charles had done extremely 
little to lighten. He lies buried in Westminster 
Abbey, and the inscription " O rare Ben 
Jonson " is placed above his resting-place 
Tradition relates that he was buried standing, 
and that it was his own special wish to rest in 
the Abbey with which, as with the neighbour- 
hood around, he had in his life been much 
connected. " Grant me a favour," he is said to 
have asked of Charles I. " What is it ? " said 
the King. " Give me eighteen inches of square 
ground." " Where ? " continued the King. " In 
Westminster Abbey!"* 

A partnership in literary work is not an easy John Fletcker 
task to undertake, and yet the joint productions (1579-1625) 
of Beaumont and Fletcher must be held to be Corp. Chr. 
a signal success. Writing in an age when a 
high standard prevailed, these two men, one an 
Oxonian and the other a Cambridge man, pro- 
duced plays which were full of real poetic 
attainment, and came near to the great works 
of Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. What indi- 
vidual share was taken with regard to the plays 
which were produced jointly, is unknown. 
Fletcher was probably at Corpus Christi College, 
where his father had been Master, and after some 
years joined with Beaumont in what proved to be 

* Stanley, " Westminster Abbey," p. 255. The name is 
written Johnson on the grave-stone. 

59 



c. 1591. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John 

Davenant 

(1576-1641) 

Queens' 

c. 1592. 



William 

Harvey 

(1578-1657) 

Gon. & Caius 

1593. 



a successful venture. " The Maid's Tragedy '- 
was one of the best productions of the joint writ- 
ing, and " The Faithful Shepherdess," supposed 
to be Fletcher's sole writing, is also extremely 
good. The work which these two men produced 
placed them at once among the greatest of 
English poets and dramatists. Fletcher lies 
buried in the same grave with Mas singer, by the 
side of Andrewes and other great men, in South- 
wark Cathedral. 

Davenant, who perhaps proved more success- 
ful as Professor than as Bishop, was Fellow of 
Queens', and in time rose to be President. He 
held the Margaret chair, and a valuable com- 
mentary on the Epistle to the Colossians came 
from his pen. He inclined to a moderate Calvin- 
ism, and when he was raised to the See of 
SaHsbury his views were hardly such as to 
commend themselves to Laud, who was on the 
throne of Canterbury. Neither in learning nor 
in statesmanship can he be said to have reached 
the level of the great Caroline divines, but, not- 
withstanding, he possesses a creditable record. 

Harvey, the discoverer of the circulation of 
the blood, took his degree from Gonville and 
Caius. For his College he had ever a great 
regard, and by his will he left to it the house in 
which he was born at Folkestone. A Kentish 
man on both sides, he was trained at the King's 
School, Canterbury, before passing to Cambridge. 
Subsequently he took up work at S. Bartholo- 
mew's Hospital, and gave himself to study, 

6o 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

After long and careful investigation he published 
" Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et san- 
guinis in animalibus." Harvey was a good 
all-round man: a classic, and well versed in the 
medical works of his day. While lacking 
modern advantages he yet proved to be right as 
regards the correctness of the theory he ad- 
vanced. S. Bartholomew's owes much to him, 
as one who helped on the building of the 
Library. He lies buried at Hempstead, near 
Saffron Walden; in 1883 the coffin was solemnly 
placed in a marble sarcophagus as a mark of 
the esteem with which subsequent generations 
have regarded the work of this great medical 
scientist and investigator. 

Montagu ranks among the representative body Richard 
of Churchmen to which Andrewes, Cosin, and Montagu 
Laud belonged. He came to King's from Eton, 
and proved, in time, a strong and able contro- 
versialist. Many of his works were powerfully 
written, and his " Appello Caesarem " shewed 
great erudition. His tenure of the See of 
Chichester and of Norwich conduced to the up- 
holding of the Church of England. He was 
strongly anti-Roman, and yet thoroughly con- 
vinced as to the position of the Church, and he 
proved no mean advocate in her cause. He was 
intimate with Fuller and Casaubon, and lies 
buried at Norwich. 

61 



(1577-1641) 
King '3^594. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John 

Williams 

(1582-1650) 

S. John's 

1598. 



Matthew 
Wren 

(1585-1667) 

Pemb. 1601 

Pet. 1625. 



Williams, the Welshman, who succeeded Bacon 
as Lord Keeper, and was also Archbishop of 
York, is remembered at S. John's as the builder 
of the library, over the doorway of which are to 
be seen his " arms." Fellow, and for a time 
Proctor, he was looked upon with favour by 
Bancroft and by James L, and after being made 
Dean of Westminster was raised to Lincoln and 
then to York. For the royalist cause he had 
great affection, and he had to suffer even im- 
prisonment, for a time, owing to the strength of 
his views. In Church matters he took a line that 
avoided extremes, and while he had little sym- 
pathy with the policy of Laud, he seems to have 
acted as a capable and sensible man. 

Matthew Wren, Fellow of Pembroke, uncle of 
the well-known Sir Christopher, and the intimate 
friend of Andrewes, speedily rose to be Master 
of Peterhouse. His rule there was memorable, 
for in many ways he promoted the welfare of the 
College. Preferment fell rapidly to him, 
and he was called to preside in turn over the 
Sees of Hereford, Norwich, and Ely. Scholarly, 
and well able to defend the strong Church views 
he took up, he worked hand in hand with Laud 
against Puritan opposition, and found himself 
concerned in Laud's impeachment, and was, for 
some 1 8 years, in prison in the Tower. His 
work as Bishop was thoroughly done, and he 
ranks as a capable administrator. Pembroke, 
the Chapel of which he built, is the possessor 
of his mitre. He was buried in the Chapel, and 

62 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Pearson, then Master of Trinity, pronounced the 
funeral oration. 

Not all Masters of Colleges have led the quiet William Beale 
easy life that is generally associated with their ( ? -1651) 
office at the present day. Beale, the Westminster ^^^^' ^^^^ 
boy, who in due course, after being at Trinity, c ^t ^^ , 
became Master of Jesus and then of S. John's, ^^33 
went through a troubled career. The authori- 
ties of the day had sundry things against him: 
not only was he a friend of Cosin, but his 
" ritualistic ways " had attracted attention, 
though this amounted to nothing more than the 
restoration of the beautiful ministrations of 
Divine worship in the College Chapel, and a 
proper care for the spiritual welfare of the place. 
More than all this, however, was the enormity 
of assisting King Charles by sending him some 
of the College plate. Cromwell himself, in dire 
anger, came to Cambridge, surrounded S 
John's College while the students were at 
Evensong, and carried off the Master to 
the Tower, along with Wren, Bishop of Ely, 
Martin, Master of Queens', and Sterne, Master 
of Jesus. After a most unpleasant journey, 
imprisonment for three years followed, and 
deprivation from the Mastership. Then, in 
despair, Beale betook himself abroad. The 
curious story of his death in Spain tells of the 
terrors of those times. Taken seriously ill at 
Madrid, he gathered his faithful followers round 
him and solemnly consecrated the blessed sacra- 
ment as he lay in bed. One fear had possessed 

63 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

him in dying — the dread of falling into the hands 
of the Inquisition. In order to prevent this, the 
boards of the chamber were taken up, a grave 
dug, the body buried and covered with quicklime. 
Owing to the care with which the secret was 
kept, his resting-place remained completely un- 
known. So ended the life of one of the best 
and most capable Masters the College ever had. 
Nicholas Nicholas Ferrar, whose life story is of great 

Ferrar interest, came to Clare in 1606, and attaining, 

^ " '' after four years, to a Fellowship, travelled, 
Clare 1606. 

and was later on elected to the House 

of Commons. But already a higher motive than 
political success was inspiring him, and he 
shortly decided to retire from the world and 
give himself up to a religious life of meditation 
and prayer, combined with literary and philan- 
thropic work. After being ordained Deacon by 
Laud, he established, at Little Gidding, in Hun- 
tingdonshire, an institution which was no mere 
monastic house. Ferrar's whole soul was bound 
up with adherence to and belief in the Church 
of England, and his idea was to gather round 
him his family — his brother also joined in the 
project, and brought his family as well — and to 
produce in the quiet country home the reality of 
a Christian household living entirely for God, 
and for the welfare of their fellow-men. The 
story of the endeavour is full of interest. There 
is mention of the speedy endeavour to restore 
the dilapidated church, and of the observance 
in the house itself of an almost continuous round 

64 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of solemn supplication by day, supplication which 
even was continued, accompanied by soft play- 
ing of the organ, far into the night: of the care 
with which all the inmates of the house attended 
the daily offices of Matins and Evensong, and at 
periodic intervals the Holy Communion: of the 
motto over the front door " Flee from evil and 
do good and dwell for evermore " : of the general 
air of happiness and contentment which pervaded 
the dwellers in the house: of the interest which 
gathered round the little Church, continuously 
redolent with the odour of sweet-scented 
herbs and flowers: of the reverence made, on 
entering, to the altar, aglow with tapers and 
veiled with costly hangings : of the due and valu- 
able instruction which members of the family 
gave to the children of their poorer neighbours 
who were allowed to share in the lessons: of the 
kindly aid, of hospital and dispensary nature, 
which was given free to the villagers : of the pur- 
suit of music, embroidery and painting. All 
these details add to the beauty of the conception, 
and tell of the quiet life which prevailed.* But 
it is because of the literary work which was car-; 
ried on, that Little Gidding became famous 
Books were not only beautifully written out, but 
beautifully bound as well, some of them being 
preserved as treasures in the British Museum 
now. A Harmony of the Gospels was made, and 
a Harmony of Kings and Chronicles, together 

* " Nicholas Ferrar, His Household and his Friends." 

65 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

with many other theological works. And thus 
for many years the establishment quietly flour- 

* ished. As the younger girls grew up they 

married and left: and when at last Ferrar^ 
worn out by the austerities he practised, passed 
to his rest, the home was continued under his 
brother, but only for a time. Many of the valu- 
able books which Ferrar had compiled, perished 
in the evil days that followed : the house is gone; 
and at the present day only the Church at Little 
Gidding, in which he had so often prayed, re- 
mains. King Charles himself visited Ferrar, anc^ 
was impressed with all he saw. It was to Ferrar 
that George Herbert, from his deathbed, com- 
mitted his work known as " The Temple," and 
all through his career this man of saintly life was 
known and revered by the great Churchmen of 
his day, and especially by Andrewes and Donne. 
John Cosin We may well be thankful for the many great 
(1594-1672) aind learned men who did so much to place the 

Gon. & Caius Church of England on a safe and sure founda- 
tion after the unsettlement of the Reformation 
times. The name of Cosin is well-known as one 
of the foremost of these '^giants of days gone 
by." Fellow of Gonville and Caius, deeply read, 
and able always to take a large view of things,' 
full of artistic taste, and rejoicing in all that was 
refined and beautiful, this man of master mind 
left a great record behind him. In matters of 
ceremonial, he was a safe and reliable guide; 
on various points of theological teaching, when 
weaker men uttered platitudes and gave vent 

66 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

to mere parrot cries, Cosin pointed out the way^ 
and shewed himself no slavish upholder of what 
was ignorantly supposed alone to be right. 
Active and zealous in the control of all that fell 
to him, tall and handsome, and large-hearted, he 
ranks as one of the alert Englishmen of his day. 
Early in life he was connected with Durham, 
where in due course, he was to be bishop — 
there, in those early days, he used vestments and 
incense as the lawful heritage of the reformed 
English Church, and his care for sacred things 
led him to beautify his College Chapel when he 
became Master of Peterhouse. For sending his 
College plate to Charles, he was ejected from his 
mastership, and retired abroad to carry on there,- 
for 19 years, the same carefully regulated worship 
of the English Church. Thence, in due course, 
recalled to be Bishop of Durham, he made a 
stand for ancient and dignified ceremonial, and 
opposed alike to Papist and Puritan, worked up 
his diocese to be a model one, and gained the 
respect of all. To his wide knowledge of the 
mind of the ancient Church is due the beauty 
and unsurpassed English of many of the prayers 
in the Prayer Book, and to his wise adminis- 
tration and thoughtful discretion, we, at the 
present day, owe much. All the great divines 
of the time were among his friends — Overall, 
Andrewes, Laud, Montagu, Sancroft, Gunning, 
and Wren. Cheerful and pleasant, and a great 
smoker, he led a simple life, and in addition to 
the great administrative work he did, has left us 

67 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



his " Private Devotions." Before all else he 

worked straight for the end he had in view, and 

was one of the most capable prelates the Church 

of England ever possessed. 

Thomas It falls to the lot of some men to be endowed 

Wentworth with considerable talent, and yet neither the age 

Earl of jj^ which they happen to live, nor the environ- 

Strafford j^g^t which surrounds them, affords scope 

(1593—1641) . ,, r ^ 1 urn J 

e T u suitable for that talent to be fully and successr 

S. John s "^ 

c. 1608, fully applied. Of Wentworth, who rose to be 

Earl of Strafford, and is so well known in 
connexion with the troubled career of his 
master, Charles I., it may with justice be said, 
that though he possessed gifts of a high order, 
everything seemed to conduce to render any 
successful and appreciated use of these gifts 
impossible. Entering at S. John's he passed, 
after a creditable career, to the great walks of 
hfe : at first he seemed bound up with the popular 
cause, and joined in the effort to get redress of 
grievances granted by the King. Then ensued 
what appeared to be a complete change of front ; 
he rose to power, with royal approval, as the 
almost avowed opponent of all that the people 
seemed to desire. Rightly or wrongly, he 
was looked upon as the unflinching sup- 
porter of one-man rule, as the upholder of a 
despotism which by the nation's determina- 
tion, was shortly to pass away. His work in 
Ireland, good as in some ways it was, was 
viewed with the greatest disfavour: his strong 
determination and talent only increased the 

68 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

hatred with which the popular party regarded 

his every act; all things seemed to go wrong; 

at last came his fall ; he passed to his death at the 

blockj forsaken and betrayed by a master who 

was unworthy of him, and further, detested by 

a people who were irritated into actions which all 

must deplore. Under another monarch, and in 

different times, Strafford might have been an 

approved and valuable protector of his country. 

George Herbert, who has left a great name George 

as a Christian poet, was trained at Westminster Herbert 

School, during the time that Andrewes held the ^ — » ) 
r ^ r ^ . , , ^t , ^ Trin. 1609. 

post of De^n of the Abbey Church. From 

thence, he entered at Trinity under the master- 
ship of Nevile, and after holding a Fellow- 
ship, was appointed Public Orator. The period 
during which he resided at Cambridge was a 
brilliant one: Richard Sterne, the future Arch- 
bishop, was a brother undergraduate: Francis 
Bacon, and Nicholas Ferrar, were his friends: 
amongst those who must have known him, 
were John Williams, Joseph Hall, Matthew Wren, 
all of whom were to hold high office in the 
Church: and before Herbert left the University, 
John Milton was in residence. From early days, 
he seemed to have been impressed with the 
great personality of Andrewes: Laud, John 
Donne, Thomas Fuller and Isaac Walton, 
who wrote his life, were intimate with him at 
one time or another. After definitely deciding 
to take Holy Orders, he was given a prebend 
of which the estate was at Leighton, in Huntingt 

69 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

donshire, not far from Little Gidding, where 
Nicholas Ferrar had his house, and here the 
friendship of former years was renewed and 
more firmly cemented. It was, however, at 
Bemerton that his writing was chiefly done- 
he had been presented to the living by Charles 
I. and instituted by Davenant, the Bishop of 
Salisbury: for years as Vicar he passed the 
life of a saint, rejoicing in his ministry, in his 
love for music, and in frequent visits across the 
meadows to his beloved Cathedral Church. The 
poems known as -'The Temple," which he has left 
us, reveal the beautiful mind of one who was 
devoted to the faith and teaching of the Church 
of England, and who found in her all that his 
soul desired in the aim he set before him of being 
a faithful servant of God. Within 60 years of 
his death more than 20,000 copies had been sold; 
it was treasured by King Charles in prison and 
under sentence of death: and the book still 
remains a monument of the piety and beauty 
of soul of the writer, who lies buried under the 
chancel of Bemerton Church. The valuable prose 
work which he also wrote, " The Country 
Parson," was not published until after his death. 
Bichard Richard Sterne, the scholar of Trinity, became 

Sterne first a Fellow of Corpus Christi, and later on, 
(c. 1596-1683) Master of Jesus. His strong royalist sympathies 

Cor Chr ^^^^^^^^ ^^^ i^^^ trouble with Cromwell, by 
1620 whose order he was arrested on the charge of 

Jesus 1633. sending some of the College plate to the King. 
As a result, he was deprived of his Mastership 

70 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



and imprisoned in the Tower: he was able to be 
of service to Archbishop Laud, and he attended 
the ill-fated prelate at his execution. At the 
restoration, his Mastership was restored to him, 
and he subsequently was advanced to the Sees 
of Carlisle and York. As Bishop he had much 
to do with the final revision of the Prayer Book. 

Robert Herrick, the Westminster boy, came to 
S. John's in 1613, and, some time after, migrated 
to Trinity Hall. The poems which he wrote were 
favourably received at the time, and are marked 
in many cases by their adaptability to musical 
setting. They bear the stamp of fresh country 
life. The -' Hesperides " and -* Noble Numbers '^ 
(the latter consisting chiefly of religious pieces) 
are his chief works. He is said to have been 
the friend of Ben Jonson. 

At Sidney Sussex College, -that nursery of 
Puritanism " as Laud called it, Oliver Cromwell 
received hifs University training after being 
educated at Huntingdon Grammar School. At 
the age of 17, on the day on which Shakespeare 
'died, he was duly enrolled as a student, and the 
College is still justly proud of her great son, 
under whose guidance the People rose to power. 
His after history is common knowledge, and 
there is need alone here to state that he became 
M.P. for Cambridge in 1640, and was High 
Steward of the town from 1652 until his death. 

Less widely known than Harvey, but even 
now largely held in honour by the medical world, 
Francis Glisson was another of those great 

71 



Robert 

Herrick 

(1591-1674) 

S. John's 

1613 

Trin. H.1616 



Oliver 

Cromwell 

(1599-1658) 

Sid. Sussex 

1616. 



Francis 
Glisson 

(1597-1677) 

Gon. & Caius 

1617. 



Chr. 1617 
S. Cath. 1650 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

doctors trained by Gonville and Caius College. 
Entering in 1617, he took the degree of M.D., 
and was Regius Professor of Physic and 
President of the College of Physicians. Con- 
tinuing to reside at Cambridge for many years, 
he lectured on anatomy, and published a valuable 
treatise on *' Rickets." His College, for which 
he had great affection, benefited by his will: 
he lies buried in S. Bride's Church, Fleet Street 
John John Lightfoot, who came to Christ's in 161 7 

Lightfoot and rose to be Master of S. Catharine's, was 
(1602-1675) one of those cautious biblical critics and profound 
Hebrew scholars whose work abides by virtue 
of its excellence. He was the friend of Samuel 
Clarke, and his portrait is in the College HalL 
Edmund Edmund Waller, the author of some poetic 

Waller pieces, came as an Eton man to King's College, 

^ ' ^ but took no degree. His royalist leanings were 
King's 1620 , J u . • J • 1 

pronounced, and he jomed m a plot on the 

King's behalf, for which he was largely fined. 

He excelled rather as a courtier than as a poet, 

and yet he produced some fair poems, among 

which may be mentioned, '' Go lovely rose '' 

and a sonnet on '- Old age." He was not over 

steadfast in his allegiance, and when fortune 

favoured Cromwell, he wrote verses in his favour. 

There was a refinement about his writing which 

proved attractive. 

Thomas Fuller The well-known writer, Thomas Fuller, entered 
(1608-1661) Queens' College in 1621, at the age of 13. His 

Queens' 1621 uncle, John Davenant, was Master, who after 
holding the Margaret Professorship, had been 

72 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

appointed to the Bishopric of Salisbury. Fuller 
seems a year or twb later to have moved to 
Sidney Sussex, but neither there nor at Queens' 
was he made Fellow. Fojrl a time, he was Vicar of 
S. Benet's in the town, and officiated at the 
funeral of Thomas Hobson, the well-known Cam- 
bridge carrier, concerning whom was coined the 
phrase, " Hobson's choice." After holding the 
vicarage of Broad Windsor, he removed to 
London, and became a Chaplain at the Savoy. 
He was the author of many works — " History 
of the Holy War,'' '- Pisgah Sight of Palestine,"- 
*- Worthies of England," and " Ecclesiastical Hisr 
tory of Great Britain," of which the 12th volume 
is a history of the University of Cambridge. He 
was well-known as a great preacher, and the 
King admired his sermons. But it was the 
character of his writing which made him famous : 
brimming over with original thought and spark- 
ling wit, he put real fun into all he wrote — what- 
ever he touched seemed raised and transformed 
by his brilliant remarks, and S. T. Coleridge 
remarks of him that '-Next to Shakespeare I 
am not certain whether Thomas Fuller, beyond 
all others, does not excite in me the sense and 
emotion of the marvellous."* His memory was 
remarkable, and among his friends were Joha 
Lightfoot and Samuel Pepys. The epitaph he 
suggested for himself was '-Here lies Fuller's 
earth," and he himself thus describes the purpose 
for which he fulfilled his great task— "To gain 
* " Life of Thomas Fuller," by M. Fuller, pp. 184, 511. 383. 

73 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

some glory to God: to ^preserve the memories 

of the dead: to present 'examples to the living: 

to entertain the reader with delight: to procure 

some honest profit to myself."* Opposed to 

Rome on the one hand and to Geneva on the 

other, he took up a strong Christian position, 

and most earnestly desired to do his duty. 

Thomas After being at Westminster, Thomas Randolph 

Eandoiph vvas placed at Trinity, and became Fellow. In 

(1605-1635) ggj^ Jonson he found a great and generous 

friend, and was well-known at the University as 

the writer of poems in English and Latin, and as 

the successful organiser of some plays which 

were performed. During his short life of 30 

years, which in some ways was not exemplary, 

he gained a great reputation, and is rememr 

bered as the author of the " Conceited Pedler/' 

the '* Jealous Lovers," -' The Muses' Looking 

Glasse." 

John Milton The University is justly proud of its connection 

(1608-1674) with Milton, who has gained so important a 

Chr. 1625. place in the appreciation of Englishmen, and 

the rooms he occupied at Christ's* are still an 

object of the greatest interest. He had been 

previously trained at S. Paul's School, and at an 

early age shewed considerable promise in the 

writing of verse and in music. Though at times^ 

College discipline proved irksome to him, he duly 

took his degree, that of B.A. in 1629 and that 

* " Life of Thomas Fuller," by M. Fuller, pp. 184, 511, 383 
* On the 1st floor of the left comer of the first court. 

74 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of M.A. ill 1632. He had already as an under- 
graduate written some Latin poems, and the 
'* Ode on the Nativity " dates also from this 
period. I'assing from Cambridge to residence at 
Horton, he gave to the world " L'Allegro " and 
'* II Penseroso " and " Comus " : in memory 
of Edward King, who, as Fellow of Christ's, 
had been Milton's friend, and who was drowned 
on a voyage to Ireland, he contributed 
'"^ Lycidas.'" His fame was now widespread: for 
a few months he travelled on the Continent, 
where he met Grotius and Galileo, and then ret 
turned, not for a time to write poetry, but to take 
part in the political disturbance which was so 
deeply moving England and to publish several 
prose works that were strong in their support of 
the Puritan doctrines which he had espoused, and 
into which he threw himself with such vigour. 
The blindness that threatened was now becoming 
acute, but despite the domestic trouble and the 
civil anxieties which are matters of common 
knowledge, his great epic " Paradise Lost " was 
published in 1667. By it he at once placed 
himself in the foremost ranks of scholarly Engr 
lish poets, and he enriched the world of poetry 
consecrated to the service of Christianity with a 
production at once grand and noble and endur- 
ing. He was buried in the Church of S. Giles', 
Cripplegate. The famous mulberry tree at 
Christ's is said to have been planted by him, 
and the MS. of " Comus " and -' Lycidas '• 
in the poet*s handwriting, much interlined, still 
is preserved in the Library of Trinity College. 

75 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Thomas 

3rd Lord 

Fairfax 

(1612-1671) 

S. John's 

1626. 



Benjamin 

Whichcote 

(1609-1683) 

Emm. 1626 

King's 1644. 



In 1626, Thomas Fairfax was at S. John's. His 
Cambridge training helped on his literary tastes 
and throughout his active life he continued to 
write. On the outbreak of the civil war he joined 
the Parliamentary forces: he became one of 
their most prominent Generals, and was engaged 
in the battles of Marston Moor and Naseby. 
His attachment to Cromwell suffered some 
diminution as time went on, and he helped to 
bring about the restoration of Charles. In" all 
he did, he shewed himself to be a man of honour 
and a courteous and refined gentleman. The 
motto of his family, aptly chosen, was 
" Fare . . . fac " " Say . . . do." 

Benjamin Whichcote, the Fellow of Emmanuel, 
was one who largely impressed those with 
whom he came in contact. He, to some extent, 
prepared the way for the teaching of the Cam- 
bridge Platonists. Convinced of the unity of 
natural and revealed truth he taught that Scrip- 
ture was and must be in accord with reason, 
and appealed to the power of the Christian 
life as a most important evidence of the truth 
of the religion of Christ. He ranks rather as 
a thinker than a writer, and has left a name 
for much kindliness of heart and integrity of life. 
He was the contemporary of Milton and Jeremy 
Taylor, of Barrow and Ray, and is allowed to have 
largely inspired Smith, More, Cudworth, and Tillot- 
son. He succeeded, as Provost of King's, one who 
had been displaced for political reasons, and, in 
his turn, was himself ejected from that post. 

76 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

In his short life, John Harvard, who died John 

at the age of 31, contrived to achieve results Harvard 

of the greatest moment. Born of poor parentage ^ ' ^ 
1 11 • 1 • o. TVT ^ Emm. 1627. 

m Southwark, and baptised in S. Mary Overy, 

now Southwark Cathedral, he came to Em- 
manuel in 1627, while Milton was at Christ's, 
and obtained his degree. Ten years later, he 
emigrated to New) England, and becoming a 
freeman of Charlestown, engaged in earnest 
preaching. He was possessed, by marriage, of 
considerable wealth, and formed the project 
of turning that wealth to lofty use by founding 
a University, and thus helping others to enjoy 
that learning which he had found so valuable in 
the old country. At his death half his fortune, 
together with his library, went to form tho 
nucleus of what is now Harvard University — and 
Cambridge in England rejoices at the prosperity 
of the new Cambridge in Massachusetts, and 
remembers with pride the name of Harvard, 
who was one of her sons, and by whose effort the 
University of Harvard was founded, which numbers 
among its roll of worthies" the names of Emerson, 
Longfellow, Motley, Lowell, Phillips Brooks, Oliver 
Wendell Holmes and Roosevelt. The connexion 
between Cambridge and Harvard has frequently 
been emphasized. A boat race was rowed in 1906 
between crews from both Universities, and a 
visit was paid next day by the Harvard crew to 
Emmanuel College. In 1907 a chapel in South- 
wark Cathedral was restored in memory of 
Harvard, and adorned with a stained window. 

77 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

JeremyTaylor Jeremy Taylor, who was bred and born at 
(1613-1667) Cambridge of humble parentage, and one of 

Gon. & Cams ^\^q earlier pupils at the school then recently 
founded in the town by Dr. Perse, is remem- 
bered not only as a great and pious Churchman, 
but as one of the finest of English prose writers. 
Receiving his training at Gonville and Caius, 
he rose to be Fellow, and had for his contemr 
poraries Milton, George Herbert, Fuller, and 
Crashaw. Early in life, Taylor attracted notice 
as a rising preacher. Laud did not fail to 
recognise his merits, and elected him to preach^ 
at S. Paul's, where Donne's memory was still in 
high renown. All Souls' College, Oxford, made 
him one of their Fellows, and by the patronage 
of King Charles and of Juxon, he received the 
living of Uppingham. Thence he betook him- 
self to an estate in Wales known as the Golden 
Grove, and applied himself assiduously to writing. 
*- The Liberty of Prophesying," " The Great 
Exemplar," " Holy Living and Dying,'' " The 
Golden Grove " and the less known but valuable 
work, " Clerus Domini," came from his pen. 
The times were troubled, and Taylor was for a 
time imprisoned: for the full churchmanship 
which possessed him was far from being accept? 
able to those in authority. Eventually he went 
to Ireland, where he published his great work, 
-' Ductor Dubitantium "; and was shortly after 
made Bishop of Down and Connor. In his 
diocese he was but coldly received : the adherents 
of the Roman faith would not, and the Presby- 

78 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

terians could not, acknowledge him: but notwith^ 
standing these trials he energetically set to work 
to uphold Church principles and faith. In 
London, his preaching was greatly admired, as 
Evelyn testifies, and by a large body of educated 
Churchmen his ministrations were eagerly sought. 
As a writer he was held in great renown, and 
there are those who group him with Shakespeare, 
Bacon, and Milton. Thoroughly versed in the 
classics, and revelling in quotation and wealth 
of illustration, he wrote much that will always be 
admired for its simple beauty and charm of 
style. The divine who preached his funeral ser? 
mon spake truly, even if in over adulation, when 
he described him as having '' devotion enough 
for a cloister, learning enough for a University, 
and wit enough for a college of virtuosi.*'* 

The Caroline divines never despaired of the Peter 
future of the Church of England. In theit G^aing 
minds there was a clear understanding as tp Clol'^-ioS ; 
what she had parted with during the unsettled '. 

period of the Reformation, and what she had j^ggQ^ 
retained. In their view, the Church freed fron^ S. John's 
Roman accretions, and judiciously saved from l^^^* 
foreign Protestant novelties, seemed to have a, 
great future before her in the carefully adjusted 
fulness of her Catholic heritage, and their 
optimism has not been misplaced. One of those 
who proved a tower of strength to her cause was 
Gunning, who coming from the King's School, 
Canterbury, became Fellow of Clare, and was 
* "Jeremy Taylor," Edmund Gosse, p. 210. 
79 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

eventually Bishop of Ely. His strong royalist 
views caused him to be deprived of his Fellow- 
ship, as well as of the Vicarage of S. Mary-the- 
Less in the town. The royal cause might be 
unpopular, but Gunning was not the man to 
flinch : he preached before the Court and proved 
such an attraction at the Chapel of Exeter House 
in the Strand, that even Cromwell was obliged 
to leave him unmolested. The Chapel became a 
royalist centre, and when the tide turned^ 
Gunning quickly rose to power — first as Master 
of Corpus and Margaret Professor, shortly after 
as Master of S. John's and Regius Professor, and 
then as Bishop of Chichester, a See which he soon 
left for Ely — where he proved a strong prelate 
and conscientious worker. Fair-minded and 
noted for his holiness of life, he gained the re- 
spect of Evelyn, and nearly all the great men of 
his day, and is credited with writing the prayer 
"For all sorts and conditions of men." 
Richard Richard Crashaw, the contemporary of Jeremy 

Crashaw Taylor, Milton, George Herbert, Thomas Fuller 

(CO - 6 ) ^^^ Henry More, received his education at 
Pemb. 1631. j. :> 

Pembroke, after being at Charterhouse. He 

became Fellow of Peterhouse, but was expelled 

owing to his refusal to subscribe the Solemn 

League and Covenant, and eventually he joined 

the Roman Church. He was the friend of 

Abraham Cowley and of Nicholas Ferrar, whom 

he used to visit at Little Gidding. The poems 

which he wrote possess considerable merit, and 

both Milton and Pope admired his work, 

80 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Henry More, who after a training at Eton, Henry Mora 
entered Christ's just at the time when Milton (1614-1687) 
left, is remembered as a philosopher, and as one 
of the greatest of the band of Cambridge 
Platonists. A Fellowship was bestowed upon 
him, and in this position he passed a happy 
life, and refused the many high posts which 
he was urged to accept. Refined in taste and 
averse to controversy, he yet boldly defended 
the Church to which he belonged. Loving 
solitude and strongly inclined to mysticism, he 
was a man of common sense and exercised con- 
siderable influence. His writings, and especially 
his " Divine Dialogues," attained to great popu- 
larity and were widely read by those who 
revolted from the dogmatism of Geneva, but 
admired the full glory of the practical Christian 
life. He was buried in the Chapel of his College 

Pearson's '' Exposition of the Creed " is a john Pearson 

widely-known work, and if a proof of the author's (1613-1686) 

great learning were needed, it would be found Queens' 1631 

in the fact that these weighty essays on the great J^^^ ^^^^^ 

Jesus 1660 
Christian truths were originally sermons preached 'pj-i^ity i662 

at a city church. Coming from Eton to Queens', 
and then in the following year becoming scholar 
of King's, and in due course Fellow, he subse- 
quently held the posts of Master of Jesus, 
Margaret Professor, and finally Master of 
Trinity. The son of a country clergyman, and 
born in the same year as Jeremy Taylor, he 
had throughout the whole of his life a great love 
of work, and the knowledge he acquired was 

8i 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



wide. He was the pure theologian rather than 
the preacher: accepting certain truths as of 
authority, he proceeded to build up by logical 
inference, a system of teaching which embraced 
all spiritual facts. With the precision of Euclid 
he, in his particular science of theology, pos- 
tulated, argued, and drew conclusions, never 
hesitating to speak with firmness as a master of 
his subject. He built on no narrow or restricted 
foundation : recognising the importance of Creeds 
and Fathers, as well as that of Scripture, he 
took a wide view of the truth. " Have done," 
he once advised, "with the morbid restlessness 
of the present day : shun all attempts at novelty : 
enquire what was from the beginning, consult* 
the sources, have recourse to antiquity, go back 
to the Fathers, look to the Primitive Church."* 
It was teaching such as this which made his work 
so powerful. Grave, calm, and cautious, he 
went on his way, and as Bishop of Chester, was 
a great support to the Church. His '' Vin- 
dication of the Ignatian Epistles " was a most 
able production, and all that he wrote was good. 
Bentley, in a charming phrase, spoke of " Pear- 
son, the dust of whose writings is gold. ' 
Balph Ralph Cudworth, whose father had been Vicar 

Cudworth of S. Andrew's in the town, has left a name as 
(1617-1688) philosopher, and leader of the Cambridge Plato- 

nists. Elected at first Fellow and Tutor of 
Clare 1645 

Chr 1654 Emmanuel, he passed on to be Master of Clare, 
Regius Professor of Hebrew, and subsequently 

* Works — Edited by Churton, ii. 6- 
82 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Master of Christ's. His great learning caused 
some heaviness in his writings, but his work 
'' The True Intellectual System of the Uni- 
verse " was an effort of great power. All alongy 
he was the stout opponent of Hobbes, and upheld 
a reasonable Christian faith: all that he wrote 
told strongly against Fatalism and advanced 
Calvinism, and he takes high place among thQ 
roll of learned English divines. He was buried 
in Christ's Chapel by the side of Henry More. 

Jeremiah Horrocks, who during a short life Jeremiah 
gave evidence of the highest ability, striving all Horrocks 
the while against adverse circumstances, came i^- 1617-1641) 
to Emmanuel as Sizar in 1632, but took no ^^^- i^^^. 
degree. Had he lived it is certain that he would 
have reached eminence in astromony, and his 
account of the Transit of Venus across the 
Sun, which he watched between the enforced 
Sunday services which claimed his attention, 
gives evidence of the gTeat capacity he had. 
With little but his own enthusiasm to help him, 
in his short life of 23 years, he impressed those 
who knew him as almost the equal of Kepler, and 
his special gifts were commemorated on a tablet 
in Westminster Abbey, which testifies to Dean 
Stanley's care to note, and desire to recognise, 
the greatness of an almost unknown genius, 

John Wallis, another great mathematician, joiii^ Wallis 
came from Felsted to Emmanuel in the same (1616-1703) 
year as Horrocks, whose works he was subse^ Emm. 1632. 
quently to edit. He knew Pepys, and becoming 
Fellow of Queens', assisted in the formation 

83 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of the Royal Society, and then was aippointeci 
by Cromwell to be Savilian Professor of 
Geometry in the University of Oxford. His 
reputation was great and his memory pheno- 
menal, and he ranks as one of the ablest Eng- 
lish mathematicians prior to Newton, who had 
great regard for his work. He is buried in 
S. Mary's Church, Oxford. 
Seth Ward Seth Ward, mathematician, and Bishop sub- 
(1617-1689) quently of Exeter and of Salisbury, was Fellow 
Sid. Sussex q£ Sidney. The contemporary of Cosin and the 

1 fi^O 

friend of Samuel Ward, and of Oughtred, h0 
took part, with Gunning and Barrow, in their' 
opposition to the Solemn League and Covenant, 
Deprived of his Fellowship in consequence, he 
withdrew to Oxford, and became there Savilian 
Professor of Astronomy and President of Trinity. 
The work that he did as a mathematical writer 
was regarded very favourably, and he helped 
in the founding of the Royal Society. He 
possessed many social gifts, and was throughout 
his career admired as a manly, good-hearted 
prelate. 
Nathaniel Another who belonged to the body of Camr 
Culverwell bridge Platonists, was Nathaniel Culverwell, the 
(c. 1616-1651) Fellow of Emmanuel. He was in intimate friend- 
"^"^' ship with Cudworth, Whichcote, and John Smithy 

all of whom were Emmanuel men, and his writ- 
ings were among the most important published 
by his school. He was recognised as an 
accomplished scholar, and his most renowned 
book was " Discourse of the Light of Nature.'^ 

84 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

The family of Marvell had been connected Andrew 
with the neighbourhood of Cambridge before Marvell 
Andrew Marvell came up to Trinity at the early (1621-1678) 
age of 13. As a resident here, he made the 
acquaintance of Milton, to whom in subsequent- 
years he became assistant. Later in life, he 
also enjoyed the friendship of Cromwell, Fair? 
fax, and Dry den. His name is remembered as 
a writer of prose, poetry, and satire. Probably 
he shone most in prose ; his poetry also possessed 
merit and clearly bore the impress of the school 
in which Milton excelled. In 1659, he entered 
the Commons as Member for Hull, where his 
father had been clergyman, and worked for 
-' Liberty," but his speeches were few. He lies 
buried in S. Giles'-in-the-Fields. 

Alike by pen and paint brush, the committal William 
of the Seven Bishops to the Tower has been Bancroft 
made known, and the event has fastened on the "'517-1693) 
mind of the nation. Bancroft, who as Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury, figured largely in the 
matter, had come in early days from school 
at Bury St. Edmund's to Emmanuel, where hi$ 
uncle was Master. He was elected Fellow, and 
after being Chaplain to Cosin became Master 
himself. England owes a debt to him, for it 
fell to his lot as Dean of S. Paul's, to arrange, 
in company with Wren, for the building of the 
new S. Paul's, which the recent fire had ren- 
'dered a necessity. Raised, after his successful 
effort, to be Archbishop, he found difficult work 
awaiting him. He attended Charles on his 

85 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

death-bed and crowned King James : everywhere 
under his fostering care the cause of learning 
advanced, but in due course a stand had to be 
made against the Romanising tendencies of 
James. Stout churchman as Bancroft was, and 
endowed with great activity, he had not the 
slightest intention, if he could help it, of ever 
again allowing England to be brought under 
the heel of Rome. Courageously and manfully, 
he withstood the King's attempt to restore the 
Papal power, and passed with his six suffragans 
to imprisonment in the Tower, where he, most 
of all his brethren, displayed fortitude. Their 
release was hailed with joy by the populace; 
Soon after came the flight of James and the 
landing of William. Further troubles awaited 
the Archbishop, for deeming James even in exile 
to be his rightful sovereign, he found himself 
unable to take the oath to William. Depriveci 
by the new monarch, who put Tillotson in his 
place, he clung for a time to Lambeth, and 
when finally he was ousted, still claimed to 
be Archbishop, and refused to recognise what 
had been done. 
John John Hutchinson, the Puritan, who came to 

Hutchinson Peterhouse about 1635, figured largely in later 
(1615-1664) yg^j-g during all the troubles through which the 

Pet. c 1635 

nation passed. Adhering to the Parliamentary 

party, he became Governor of Nottingham, and 

defended the Castle there with great ability 

during the siege. As one of the commissioners 

for the trial of the King, he, with difficulty, 

86 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



brought himself to sign the warrant for the 
royal execution, and soon after withdrew from 
the anti-royalist side and retired from public 
life. His wife, Lucy, wrote the well-known 
" Memoirs." 

John Smith, another of the Cambridge Platonists, 
entered Emmanuel under Whichcote, and later 
became Fellow of Queens'. He wrote well, and 
his "Select Discourses" were widely appreciated. 
Of high aspiration and markedly religious 
character, he was much beloved during his short 
life. 

The poetic gifts of Abraham Cowley were 
manifest at an early age, and some plays of his 
were acted before the members of the Univer- 
sity while he was in residence. He became 
Fellow of Trinity, but was ejected at the out- 
break of the Civil War, owing to his royalist 
tendencies. He was highly thought of by his 
contemporaries, and yet can hardly be regarded 
as a great writer. His *' Davideis," much of 
which v^as written at Cambridge, the " Pin- 
darique Odes," and some writings in prose, are 
his chief works. He possessed the friendship 
of Dryden and Evelyn, and is buried in West- 
minster Abbey by the side of Chaucer and 
Spenser. 

Thomas Wharton was placed at Pembroke in 
1638. Becoming Fellow of the Royal College of 
Physicians in 1650, he was some nine years later 
appointed Physician of S. Thomas' Hospital 
He gained great renown as an anatomist, and 

87 



John Smith 

(1618-1652) 

Emm. 1636 

Queens' 1644 



Abraham 

Cowley 

(1618-1667) 

Trin. 1637. 



Thomas 
Wharton 

(1614-1673) 
Pemb. 1638. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

his name is remembered in medical science now. 
He was a friend of Oughtred and Isaac Walton, 
and was one of the few doctors who remained 
in London right through the plague. 
Sir Francis The village of Trumpington is known to all 
Pcmberton Cambridge men. Within its walls, and around it 
(1625-1697) lig buried several well-known men. One of those 
^^' ' buried there is Sir Francis Pemberton, who 
passed an eventful life in the legal world. He 
was at school at S. Albans, came to Emmanuel 
in 1640, and then read for the Bar. A consider- 
able difference arose later on between him and 
the House of Commons (as to his practising at 
the Bar of the House of Lords. He was 
appointed Lord Chief Justice (of the King's Bench 
in 1 68 1, but trouble lensued and he was removed 
from that post and also from the Privy Council 
Two noteworthy cases came before him. The 
University consulted him as to the legality of 
admitting to the degree of M.A. the Benedic- 
tine monk, Alban Francis, and he was called 
upon to defend the seven Bishops against the 
charge of disobeying the injunctions of James 
II. Pemberton was eventually tried for the 
causes which had brought him into notoriety, 
and was imprisoned 1689. 
Iiaae Barrow Isaac Barrow, the man of brief but most bril- 
(1630-1677) liant career, was educated at Charterhouse, where 
inn. 1643. j^^ gained the reputation of being a troublesonae 
boy, and later on passed to Felsted and Trinity. 
He was soon made Fellow, and his attainments 
became widely known. At the restoration, he 

88 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

was appointed Professor of Greek, and almost 
immediately afterwards Lucasian Professor of 
Mathematics, a fact which is sufficient evidence 
of his great ability. Some six years passed, 
and on conscientious grounds he decided to 
devote himself entirely to theological work, and 
Isaac Newton, for whom Barrow had the 
greatest admiration, succeeded him in the 
Lucasian chair. Later on King Charles apr 
pointed him to the Mastership of Trinity, saying 
he had chosen the best scholar in England 
for the post. Barrow refused to take advantage 
of the permission to marry, and devoted himself 
to ardent study; he became noted as a great 
scholar and philosopher, and as a scientist second 
only to Newton. His sermons were efforts of 
enormous brain power, and the King in this 
respect described him as " an unfair preacher, 
because he exhausted every topic, and left no 
room for anything new to be said by anyone 
who came after him." His sermons were also 
allowed to be of inordinate length, lasting in 
some cases for over three hours, and the authori- 
ties of Westminster Abbey, so the story goes, 
were once so wearied by his prolixity that they 
caused the organ to drown his utterance. His 
printed sermons, however, are still regarded as 
masterpieces, and his '' Treatise on the Pope's 
Supremacy " is looked on as a brilliant piece 
of controversial work. He died while on a visit 
to Westminster, and is buried in the south' 
transept of the Abbey. 

89 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

John Ray S. Catharine's for a time gave a home to 

(1627-1705) John Ray. He was the son of a Braintree black- 

^^ • smith, and later became Fellow of Trinitv 
1644 , . , ^ , -^ 

^ . ,-.^ at the same time as Isaac Barrow, who much 

Inn. lo'tDi 

admired him. His learning on many subjects 

was wide, and he prov^ed himself a most capable 

and scientific botanist. He formed a great 

friendship with Francis Willughby, his junior 

by some eight years, but of the same college, 

and these ;two men together carried on most 

important and detailed investigations, both at 

home and abroad, Ray devoting his attention to 

plants, and Willughby to animals. Modern 

knowledge is greatly indebted to them for the 

observations they made, and both Cuvier and 

Gilbert White, of Selborne, praised the work 

they did. 

Sir William William Temple, who entered Emmanuel in 

Temple 1644 as a pupil of Ralph Cudworth, passed on 

(1628-1699) ^Q i^g instrumental in various important diplo^ 

Emm. 1644. . -i , • .,,■•• t 

matic undertakmgs, especially during the reign 

of William and Mary. After a while he retired 
into private life, and spent his time in miscel- 
laneous writing, the style of which possesses 
some attraction: his works received varied ap- 
preciation from Swift, Chesterfield, Samuel John- 
son, and Charles Lamb. He is buried in 
Westminster Abbey. 
John PeachcU It fell to the lot of Peachell, the Master of 
(1630-1690) Magdalene, to be Vice-Chancellor of the Uni- 
Magd. 1645. yersity when James II. demanded that the degree 
of M.A. should be granted to the Benedictine 

90 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

monk, Alban Francis, a man of meagre attain- 
ments, and unprepared to take the necessary 
oaths. As the authorities refused at the bidding 
of the King to relax their rule, trouble ensued 
and Peachell was duly summoned before the 
Lords Commissioners in London, who gave 
judgment against Peachell and further deprived 
him of his mastership and deposed him from 
being Vice-Chancellor. He was, however, later 
on, restored to his mastership, but left no good 
record behind him. He lies buried in Magda- 
lene Chapel. 

John Spencer, who was Scholar, Fellow, and John Speacer 
subsequently Master of Corpus Christi, was one (1630-1693) 
of those valuable workers whose efforts have '^^^' ^' 
thrown light on the distant past. It is difficult 
to realise the enormous labour which Spencer 
must have undertaken in his effort to trace the 
connexion between Jewish rites and the religious 
ceremonies of other ancient empires. His great 
work, " De Legibus Hebraeorum," remains a 
monument of his toil. He was a great bene- 
factor to his College, and lies buried in the 
Chapel. 

The teaching of the Cambridge Platonists had JohnTillotson 
considerable influence on John Tillotson, who (1630-1694) 
came to Clare while Cudworth was Master, and 
in due course was appointed Fellow. He married 
a niece of Cromwell. An excellent preacher 
he certainly was, and in a way he was popular; 
his appreciation of the appeal to reason in 
matters of religion gained him many admirers, 

91 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

but the high office which was, against his will, 
forced upon him, would more fitly have been 
held by one who had a greater appreciation 
of the mind of the English Church. As succes- 
sor in the Primacy to the deprived Sancroft, he 
was bound to be disliked, and the opposition 
hurt his inmost soul: despite his holiness, he was 
hardly a success as Archbishop. 
Edward Stillingfleet, the Fellow of S. John's, upheld 

stillingfleet the well approved Anglican principles of 
(1635-1699) Andrewes, and rose to be Dean of S. Paul's 
S. John s ^^^ Bishop of Worcester. Thoroughly capable, 

1649. 

of handsome mien, and an excellent preacher, he 
proved successful in all he undertook, and gained 
wide respect. Bentley was his Chaplain, and 
Pepys and Burnet both admired him. His desire 
was to promote peace, and for this purpose he 
wrote the " Irenicum." His " Origines Sacrae '• 
was an attempt to prove the trustworthiness 
of the Scriptures, and he also entered into a 
metaphysical discussion with Locke, and pub- 
lished many controversial works. His hold upon 
the Church was very great, and his reputation 
for mental power was so widespread, that 
many would gladly have seen him raised to the 
Primacy instead of Tenison. 
John Lryden John Dryden, who had been at Westminster 
(1631-1700) under Busby, who flogged him with energy, came 
""• ■ to Trinity as scholar in 1650. He formed a close 
friendship with Pepys. His circumstances in 
early life were not affluent and he had to gain 
his living by the constant writing of drama; 

92 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

;He seems to have been at his best in tragedy: 

his comedies, unfortunately, are largely spoilt 

by wilful coarseness, of which, however, he had 

the grace to be ashamed. Later in life he 

published the poetical satire, -' Absalom and 

Achitophel " : he himself shortly afterwards 

embraced the Roman faith, and " The 

Hind and the Panther " quickly followed. His 

prose writing is said to have been influenced by 

Tillotson, and among his other works were 

translations of Virgil and Juvenal. He can 

hardly be called supremely great, although he 

had a distinct power of writing the English 

heroic couplet, and his versification was often 

extremely dignified. 

Save in very special cases, he is a wise man Samuel Pepye 

who burns his diary before his death. State- (1633-1703) 

ments and remarks jotted down, often with little 

•' Magd. 1652. 

thought and for purely private purposes, appear 

garish and ill-judged when scanned by the 

public eye. And yet the world would have been 

poorer without the well known diary of Pepys. 

Interesting it must ever be as a wonderful record 

of men and things, intensely clever in its detailed 

description of the life and manners of the time, 

valuable, to a degree, in its esrimate of much 

that took place: and yet the inherent danger of 

publishing a diary is evident even here. Pepys 

had been connected with Cottenham, and also 

with S. Paul's School in London. Later on, 

after being for a tlime at Trinity Hall, he became 

scholar of Magdalene. To the latter College he 

93 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

left his valuable library, which, housed in a special 
building and remaining to the present day 
almost exactly as he left it, is one of the treas^ 
ures of the Society. Marrying early, Pepys 
obtained the post of Clerk of the King's ships, 
and in this naval environment, with every oppor- 
tunity for acquiring vast information, he con- 
tinued for ten years to compile his " Diary " 
in a manner all his own. He subsequently 
became Secretary of the Admiralty, and 
entered the House of Commons. He was 
friends with Newton, Evelyn, Hans Sloane, and 
Christopher Wren, and knew all the interesting 
characters of his day. Dying at the age of 
70, he was buried in S. Olave's, Hart Street, 
in the City. 
William William Beveridge, who entered S. John's as 

leveridge Sizar in 1653, is remembered for his writings and 
(1637-1708) jjjg staunch English churchmanship. He was 
gifted with a power of research, and yet can 
hardly be deemed a great scholar. He began 
by being an eager student of Oriental languages, 
and shortly published " Institutiones Chrono- 
logicae " and a large collection of Apostolic 
Canons and Decrees of the Greek Church. On 
the vacancy in the See of Bath and Wells, 
owing to the deprivation of Thomas Ken he 
was offered the Bishopric, but refused it on 
conscientious grounds. Later on he became 
Bishop of S. Asaph. He was the author of 
-' Private Thoughts on Religion," and his piety 
and holiness of life were universally recognised. 

94 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Thomas Tenison, who was born near Cam- 
bridge, became in due course, Fellow of Corpus. 
For a time he was Vicar of S. Andrews in the 
town, and an excellent parish priest he proved. 
In such work he was very capable, and Evelyn 
admired his preaching power, but his elevation 
to the Bishopric of Lincoln was apparently 
a failure, and his removal to Canterbury in 
succession to Tillotson, was again of doubtful 
expediency. Tenison attended Queen Mary 
on her death-bed and crowned Queen Anne and 
George I. : but in the Church he was unpopular. 
He helped on the newly-founded body for the 
Propagation of the Gospel and other Societies: 
but while there was much that was good in himj 
he can hardly be described as brilliant. 

In the same year Francis Willughby came to 
Trinity. He is remembered as the scientist who 
had a great capacity and love for experimental 
work, and whose life was closely bound up with 
that of John Ray, whom he so greatly admired 
,With much knowledge of animal life, he helped to 
make natural science at once methodical and 
accurate. He died at the early age of 37, and 
a bust of him exists in the library of Trinity 
College. 

The name of Thomas Shadwell was placed on 
the boards of Gonville and Caius College in 
1656. He set himself to follow in the wake of 
Ben Jonson as a writer of comedy, but his plays 
are somewhat coarse and not of the highest 
merit. He had some disagreement with Dryden, 

95 



Thomas 

Tenison 

(1626-1715) 

Corp. Chr. 

1653. 



Francis 

Willughby 

(1635-1672) 

Trinity 1653. 



Thomas 

Shadwell 

(c. 1642-1692) 

Gon. & Caius 

1656. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



who, in reply, alluded to Shadwell in " Mac 
Flecknoe " in no very pleasant terms, and threw 
ridicule upon his poetry. It was Shadwell, how- 
ever, who was chosen to succeed Dryden in the 
Laureateship. 
Joshua Basset The troubled state of the times was notified 
(c. 1641-1720) ^Q i-j^g world in the appointment of Joshua Basset 

to be Master of Sidney Sussex in 1686. He 
1657 . ^ . 

Sid Susse- ^^^ been Sizar of Gonville and Cams in 1657, 

1635 and subsequently Fellow, and was pushed into 

the Mastership by James II. as likely to be a 

pliant tool in the royal hands. Basset quickly 

declared himself a Papist, and he is said to have 

had Mass according to the Roman rite publicly 

celebrated within the College walls, and to have 

so altered the statutes as to admit of members 

of the Roman faith belonging to the College. 

His relations with the Fellows were far from 

friendly, and the record he left behind can hardly 

be ranked as high. 

Sir Isaac Galileo died 1642: in the same year the world 

Newton ^^g made richer by the birth of Isaac Newton, 

^ . . one of the greatest of natural philosophers. 

Trinity 1661. ^. . ft- 

Entering at Trinity he became Fellow, and was 

quickly engaged in advanced mathematical study, 

and brought out a work on light and optics. 

The fact of gravitation attracted his attention, and 

he rendered important service in explanation 

of the planetary system. He illumined every 

subject on which he wrote, and his treatment 

even of the most abstruse questions was always 

lucid and able to be understood. To his lofty 

96 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



intellect was joined a profound belief in the value 
of religion, and the nobility of his character was 
recognised by all. He succeeded Barrow in 
the Lucasian chair, and the two men had a 
strong admiration for each other. Newton 
became F.R.S. in 1672, and some fifteen years 
later gave to the world his great work the 
" Principia." At a still later date he became 
M.P. for the University, and was also President 
of the Royal Society. Some two centuries 
passed, and oddly enough exactly the same 
honours were held by Sir George Gabriel Stokes 
as had been conferred upon Sir Isaac Newtoa 
He numbered among his friends all the great 
men of the day, Locke, Bentley, Whiston, 
Leibnitz, and Roger Cotes. Though he was not 
over strong, he lived to the age of 85 : his body 
lay in state in the Jerusalem Chamber at West- 
minster, and he was subsequently buried in the 
Abbey: Bishop Burnet, on hearing of his 
death, described him as '^the whitest soul I 
ever knew." The monument to him in the 
Abbey bears this inscription : *' Sibi gratulentur 
mortales tale tantumque extitisse Humani Generis 
Decus " : while below his statue^ by Roubiliac, 
in the Chapel of Trinity, is inscribed the verse 
" Newton, qui genus humanum ingenio super- 
avit." Pope added his tribute to the respect 
which was so markedly held for the great 
mathematician : 

Nature, and Nature's laws lay hid in night, 
God said " Let Newton be," and all was light. 

97 



Jesus 1662. 
S. Cath. 1663 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

The remark which, late in life, Newton made — 
the outpouring of a reverent and humble mind — 
is well-known. " I do not know," he said, " what 
I may appear to the world, but to myself I seem 
to have been only like a boy playing on the 
sea shore and diverting myself in now and then 
finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell 
than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth 
lay all undiscovered before me." 
John Strype Those who gather together facts often prove 
(1643-1737) |-Q have done inestimable service to succeeding 
generations, and though they may not them- 
selves have been supremely great, their names 
survive owing to the importance of their work. 
This is true of John Strype, who, after being 
at S. Paul's School, became a member first of 
Jesus College and then of S. Catharine's. Dur- 
ing his life anything that was connected v/ith 
ecclesiastical history attracted him, and he 
gathered together material of great value. 
" Ecclesiastical Memorials," " Annals of the 
Reformation," " Lives of some of the Arch- 
bishops of Canterbury," are among his chief 
works. 
Jeremy Collier, the non-juror, was trained at Gonville 

Collier ^j^^j Caius. His extremely strong views as a 

' clergyman brought him into notoriety, and after 
Gon. & Caius „ . . . , . , 

ififiQ suifermg miprisonment tor a time, he caused 

a great stir by giving absolution on the scaf- 
fold to two men who had attempted the life 
of the King. Deep questions were raised by his 
action : he himself maintained that as a priest of 

98 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

the Church of England, he was bound to act 
as he had done, but several of the Bishops went 
against him. Later in life he wielded his pen 
in a vigorous onslaught against the stage. 
Dryden and pther play writers met with his 
stern denunciation, and he did his best to effect 
a reform. Public opinion was to some extent 
with him, and admitted the truth of much that 
he said. He continued to minister to a non- 
juring congregation, and was afterwards pro- 
moted. 

In the person of Thomas Baker, S. John's Thomas Baker 
College found one of her most faithful sons: (1656-1740) 
he was duly placed upon the roll of Fellows ^" ^^ ^ 
but, owmg to the tact that he was a non-juror, 
he was, after holding office for 36 years, ejected 
Matthew Prior, John Strype, and Burnet, whose 
"History of the Reformation" he criticized, were 
among his friends. In the antiquarian studies 
to which he so assiduously devoted himself, 
he found full scope for his special gifts. An 
enormous amount of detail was gathered 
together with a view to the publication of 
a history of the University: the MS. copy re- 
mains, a most useful work full of valuable 
information and consisting of forty-two 
volumes, of which about half are in the 
British Museum and half in the University 
Library. To Baker, also, we owe a debt of 
gratitude for the writing of his " History of S. 
John's College," a model of what a College 
history should be, and a work to which all sub- 

99 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

sequent historians of the Society have been 
greatly indebted. His memory is held in the 
highest honour, and his body rests in the con- 
secrated ground on which the old Chapel stood. 
Richard Richard Bentley, of Yorkshire birth, who 

Bentley matriculated as an orphan lad in 1676, 
(1662-1742) j^g^^j^g ^^Q ^^^^ Master of Trinity. A Fellow- 
S. John's ^ ^ 

jgy^ ship at S. John's was never bestowed upon him, 

Trinity 1700. ^^t he gained the favourable notice of Dr. Stil- 
lingfleet by his great learning, evinced very early 
in life. He had already formed a " Hexapla " 
on a plan of his own, with the words of the 
Hebrew Bible set against parallel renderings 
from other ancient versions. By this work 
he was quickly recognised as a great authority 
on questions of Biblical criticism, a study 
in which he specially excelled. The pub- 
lication of his " Dissertation on the Letters 
of Phalaris," proved him to be a master of 
argument, and the way in which he over- 
threw the hitherto accepted date of the 
" Letters," was the starting point for that 
method of criticism which has since made such 
strides. His tenure of the Mastership of 
Trinity was extremely memorable: his powerful 
mind caused him to be embroiled in constant 
troubles, and College disquiet was in conse- 
quence largely prevalent. Relations with the 
other officers of the College became strained^ 
and an appeal was made to the Bishop of Ely. 
The Bishop decided that Bentley must be 
removed from office^ but the decision proved 

100 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



valueless owing to the death of the Bishop, 
followed shortly after by the death of Queen 
Anne. Bentley remained in office, and matters 
became still further involved: the Fellows 
apparently regarded his rule as despotic, and 
as a result he was, by order of the University, 
deprived of )iis degrees for infringing the 
statutes. The degrees were subsequently re- 
stored, and peace reigned for a period: only 
fior a period, however, for the Master was shortly 
once more summoned before the authorities, 
and sentenced to deprivation from the Master- 
ship. Once again a deadlock ensued: and 
Bentley died as Master of Trinity. Not- 
withstanding these troubles, Bentley ranks 
as one who greatly raised the learning of his 
College and University, and as one who towers 
above most of his contemporaries in extreme 
brilliancy of talent. Among his friends v/ere 
Evelyn, Wren, Locke, Newton, and Roger Cotes. 
He Hes buried in Trinity Chapel on the north 
side of the altar. 

The early death at the age of 31 of Henry Henry 
Wharton, who had been scholar of Gonville 
and Caius, was deeply deplored as a loss to 
letters. In him ;was great versatility of know- ^^^^ 
ledge and extensive learning, and his compila- 
tion of the " Anglia Sacra " or Lives of the 
English Bishops down to the year 1540, re- 
ceived due appreciation from Stubbs, who in 
later years wrote on similar lines. He had at 
Cambridge been the favourite pupil of Isaac 

Id 



"Wharton 

(1664-1695) 

Gon. & Caius 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Matthew 

Prior 

(1664-1721) 

S. John's 

c. 1682. 



William 

Whiston 

(1667-1752) 

Clare 1686. 



Newton, and a great friend in after years of 
Tenison and Sancroft: lie was buried with much 
ceremony in Westminster Abbey. 

The Westminster boy, Matthew Prior, who had 
been trained under Busby, found a hom.e at 
S. John's. At an early age he took to the 
writing of poetry : this was continued through 
life, though he also travelled for diplomatic pur- 
poses, and was Member of Parliament. He 
replied to Dry den's work, " The Hind and the 
Panther." His writing is pleasing and agree- 
able, though not on a large scale, and his 
lyrics and small pieces have a decided grace of 
versification. He lies buried at the feet of 
Spenser, in accordance with his own desire. 

One who did well and yet might have done 
much better, was William Whiston, the Fellow 
of Clare. Of good mathematical talent and 
great learning, yet of eccentric belief, he 
succeeded Newton in the Lucasian chair, and 
was intimate with Wren, Bentley, Roger Cotes, 
Tillotson, and Samuel Clarke. Turning his 
attention to theological studies, he inclined 
strongly to Arian views, but had the honesty 
to say so, and formally abjured belief in the 
Holy Trinity, for which he was expelled from 
the University and deprived of his Professor- 
ship. Finding his position in the Church of 
England untenable, he published a Liturgy 
of strong Arian tendency, and finally took 
the straightforward step of leaving a communion 
with which his views were so thoroughly at 

102 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



variance. He continued to write, and is 

remembered for his " Translation of Josephus." 

Samuel Clarke, who attained considerable Samuel Clarke 

notoriety in Europe as a metaphysiciaUj came to (1675-1729) 

Gonville and Caius in 1691. From the first, 

1691. 
he moved in the highest mtellectual society of 

the University, and was intimate with Hoadly, 
Bentley, Newton, Whiston, Sherlock, Butler, 
and Berkeley. His famous work, '' A Discourse 
concerning the Being and Attributes of God," 
gained him a great reputation as a philosopher, 
and in it he taught that the truth underlying 
moral precepts is no less certain than 
the truth underlying mathematical facts. It was, 
hov/ever, around another of his books, " The 
Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity," that con- 
troversy arose. He had been suspected of 
holding Arian views, and the book proved that 
the charge was well founded. Waterland 
stoutly opposed him in masterly style, and after 
much disturbance, Clarke, though still uncon- 
vinced as a clergyman, withdrew from the 
controversy. While his views were opposed to 
those of the Church, and in consequence, he 
was kept from high preferment, he is remem- 
bered as a most able man and of great piety 
of life. 

People are now-a-days sometimes distressed Benjamin 
by the bitterness with which religious questions Hoadly 

are discussed: they imaerine that such troubles 

^ , , S. Oath, 

are peculiarly the fault of our own day, but .^g. 

they make a great mistake. At the opening 

103 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of the 1 8th .century matters were in a very 
unsettled state, and it seemed very doubtful 
whether the Church would survive the general 
indifference which prevailed. Whiston and 
Samuel Clarke had led the way and had openly 
defended the propagation of Arian views, and 
Benjamin Hoadly, the Fellow of S. Catharine's, 
who had been appointed to the See of Bangor, 
seemed willing not only to doubt in the full 
Divinity of Our Lord;, but to have little belief 
in orthodoxy at all, and to be ready to counten- 
ance almost any view of Church Government 
and of Christianity, provided only that sincerity 
of life should be preached. His administration 
of the diocese was notoriously slack, even for 
those careless days, and the violence of a 
sermon which he preached before the King, and 
in which he uttered extremely broad views, 
brought down upon him the censure of Con- 
vocation. The Government replied by pro- 
roguing Convocation. This action proved to be 
a great blow to the Church, and for more than 
130 years Convocation never met: the voice 
of the Church in her corporate capacity v/as 
silenced, and harm was effected of which the 
results are to be seen at the present day. 
Hoadly continued to maintain his latitudinarian 
principles : Thomas Sherlock and William Law 
eagerly opposed him, and on what is known as 
the Bangorian controversy, an enormous num- 
ber of pamphlets were written. Hoadly, in 
after years, was promoted to other Bishoprics: 

104 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



though an able controversialist, as a Bishop of 
the Church of England he was a great failure, 

Thomas Sherlock, the Eton friend of Robert 
Walpole, was a contemporary of Hoadly at S. 
Catharine's, and even in those early days the 
two were opposed. Sherlock also entered into a 
contest vvdth Bentley. He rose to be Fellow 
and Master of his College, and Vice-Chancellor 
of the University, and after a few years, was 
appointed Bishop, first of Bangor, then of Salis- 
bury, and still later of London. Report speaks 
well of his tenure of office, both in the University 
and elsewhere. With statesmanlike views and 
a keen mind, he became very popular: and 
courageously but firmly upheld the Church 
position against Hoadly in the Bangorian con- 
troversy, and also did great service by his 
opposition to the Deist teaching. His writings 
gained a wide acceptance, though to some ex- 
tent they met with the animadversion of William 
Law, and he is remembered as a capable Bishop. 

Sir Robert Walpole hardly ranks as one of 
the greatest of England's Prime Ministers, and 
yet for upwards of twenty years he held full sway. 
Trained at Eton and King's, he afterwards 
cntertsd Parliament and passed to high positioa 
A charge of official corruption caused him for 
a time to be put in the Tower, but on the 
Accession of George L he became Chancellor of 
the Exchequer and First Lord of the Treasury. 
The South Sea scheme trouble came in his 
time, and he managed that difficulty fairly 

105 



Thomas 
Sherlock 

(1678-1761) 

S. Cath. 

1693. 



Sir Eohert 
"Walpole 

(1676-1745) 
King's 1696 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

well. He was possessed of good business habits 
and his conduct of the Commons was thor- 
oughly successful. He was always the man of 
peace, and when this, owing to foreign com- 
plications, was no longer possible, his rule came 
to an end. Amid considerable unpopularity 
which was apparently connected with renewed 
charges of corruption made against him, he 
accepted the Earldom of Orford, and ceased to 
take part in public affairs. 
John Medical students at the University are 

Addenbrooke familiar with the name of Addenbrooke. Matri- 
(1680-1719) (,^^i^ti at 3 Catharine's he became Fellow, 
S.Cath. 1698 ^ ''^ , r u • • t^ • 

and took up the career of a physician. Dying 

at an early age, by his will he left money for 
the weli-knowai Hospital which bears his name. A 
tablet to his memory exists in the College Chapel. 
Koger Cotes Educated at S. Paul's School, Roger Cotes 
(1682-1716) became Fellow of Trinity, and there gave 
Trin. 1699. evidence of the extreme ability of his mathe- 
matical talent. Rejoicing in the friendship of 
Bentley, and Whiston, and Newton, who had a 
great admiration for him, he v/rote the preface 
for the 2nd edition of Newton's " Principia," 
and became a foremost mathematician as \vell 
as Plumian Professor of Astronomy. The 
high promise, however, was not to be fulfilled, 
for at the age of 32 this man of brilliant pos- 
sibility and charming personality passed away, 
and was buried in the College Chapel. Of 
him, Newton remarked " Had Cotes lived, we 
might have known something." 

106 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Magdalene College nurtured a strong man Daniel 
when she gave of her best to Daniel Waterland, Waterland 
successively Scholar, Fellow, Master, and Vice- (1683-1740) 
Chancellor. He became a foremost theological ^^ ' 
writer, and was the stout upholder of the faith 
of the Church against Samuel Clarke and those 
v/ho failed to believe in the Trinity, and later 
on against those writers of the Deist School 
who seemed ready to efface Christianity in 
favour of natural religion. All that he wrote 
was strong, and among his chief works were 
" Vindication of Christ's Divinity," " Critical 
History of the Athanasian Creed," " The Im- 
portance of the Holy Trinity Asserted," and 
" Review of the Doctrine of the Eucharist." 

The life of individual members of the Uni- Conyers 
versity has at times been embittered with strife. Middleton 
Conyers Middleton, the Trinity Fellow, seemed to (16S3-1750) 
have been born under the star of controversy. 
He was the foremost opponent of Bentley, who 
dubbed him " Fiddling Conyers," and it was by 
Middleton's endeavour that Bentley was for a 
time deprived of his degrees, although in the 
end he may be said to have held his own. The 
religious views which Middleton held were 
extremely broad, and brought down upon him 
the wrath of Waterland and Sherlock. He was, 
however, quite able to defend himself, but the 
hne of argument he adopted caused most men 
very strongly to doubt whether he believed in 
Christianity at all. Controversy raged for 
years, and the position of this singular divine 

107 



Emm. 1705. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

was a great difficulty to many. He was 
the first Woodwardian Professor of Geology, 
and has left as his great work, the " Life of 
Cicero." 
William Law William Law, the famous non- juror and mystic, 
(1686-1761) whose book, ''The Serious Call," has had an 
influence similar to that of the " Pilgrim's Pro- 
gress," came as a Sizar to Emmanuel and 
passed on to be Fellow. He relinquished this 
honour, conscientious!}^ refusing allegiance to 
the new dynasty on the death of Queen Anne. 
He first came into notice by his attack on 
Hoadly in the Bangorian controversy, and his 
" Three Letters " were marvels of logical ability. 
He published other works — "The Fable of the 
Bees " (republished in later years by Frederick 
Denison Maurice) and " The Unlawfulness of 
Stage Entertainments," and shortly after, the 
two works which were specially notable, " Christ- 
ian Perfection " and " The Serious Call." The 
latter gained notoriety as a great devotional 
book : it made a profound impression on Dr 
Johnson: Gibbon even allowed it was of singular 
power: Southey praised it, and it seriously 
affected the lives of Wesley* and the elder 
Venn, and it is still largely read and pondered. 
Law was extremely intimate with the Gibbon 
family and knew the great historian as a boy. 

* Samuel Wesley, the father of the celebrated John Wesley, 
though originally an Oxford man, was incorporated an M.A. 
of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in 1694. He later 
retired to the living of Epworth. 

io8 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Of the deepest piety and a thoroughly com- 
petent writer, and one who was able in a 
marked degree to influence the souls of men, 
he brought the ideas of mysticism in religion 
to bear upon his own generation, and after 
assimilating the writings of the Dutch mystic, 
Jacob Behmen, produced the spirit of these 
works in an improved and more reasonable form. 
Through him evangelical religion was revived, 
and worldliness in the Church placed under a 
ban, and he did much to deepen the spiritual 
life of England. He was an able theologian and 
controversialist, and a convinced and determined 
upholder of historic Christianity. For a time, 
he carried on at King's Clifife, in Northampton- 
shire, a small religious community, not alto- 
gether unlike that at one time established by 
Nicholas Ferrar at Little Gidding. 

John Byrom, Fellow of Trinity, who had also John Byrom 

been impressed by the teaching of Behmen, ex- (1692-1763) 

. r TTT-ii- Trin. 1708. 

pressed in verse the special teachmg of William 

Law. His poetical, productions were most miscel- 
laneous, but extremely good. He was in the 
close friendship of Bentley, Butler, Samuel 
Clarke, Wesley, and Law, and the well-known 
Christmas hymn—" Christians awake, salute the 
happy morn," comes from his pen. He also 
invented a system of shorthand writing which, 
for a time, was widely used. 

109 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN 



Philip Dormer ji^^ author of the Chesterfield Letters, Philip 

°^® Dormer Stanhope, was at Trinity Hall. Well 
4th Earl of . . . . . 

Ch t -fi Id 3,cquanited with continental life, of polished and 

(1694-1773) agreeable manner, and able to enter fully into 

Trinity Hall the somewhat flippant society of the day, he had 

1712. i^f^ foj- ^s ii^Q well-known " Letters " to his son, 

which have attained to great notoriety. They are 

noticeable for shrewdness and knowledge of the 

world rather than for loftiness of thought and 

worthiness of character. 

William Many great men in the medical profession have 

e er en fQu^jj ^ home at Cambridge, and one who 
(1710-1801) . , . , 

^ ^ , , attamed to srreat emmence as a doctor was 

S. John s ^ 

1724 William Heberden, who came to S. John's in 
1724, and was afterwards Fellow. He prac- 
tised and also lectured in the University, and 
then removed to London, living to the age of 
91. Much that he wrote was of considerable 
value, and many of his investigations and obser- 
vations received great attention. He was the 
friend of Middleton, Warburton, Cowper, and 
Johnson. 
Charles Pratt, Charles Pratt, after being at Eton, where he 
Earl Camden ^y^g ^^g friend of the elder Pitt, Lyttehon, and 
Horace Walpole, came to King's, and then was 
called to the Bar. He became Attorney-General, 
Chief Justice of Common Pleas and Lord Chan- 
cellor. He took important action in the Wilkes 
trial, and finally held office in the Pitt ministry. 
William Cole Those who have eyes to see, will have noticed 
(1714-1782) Qjj ^j^g tower of S. Clement's Church in Cam- 
bridge, a brief Latin motto, " Deum Cole," 

no 



(1714-1794) 
King's 1731. 



Clare 1733 
King's 1736 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

" Reverence God." The sentence is a kind of 
pun not considered improper in olden days. 
Thus did WiUiam Cole, the antiquary, recording 
his own name after that of God, inculcate the 
duty of worship of the Deity to every passer-by, 
so long as the tower of S. Clemient's, under 
which his body is buried, abides. Born in the 
neighbourhood of the town, and trained at Eton 
and the friend there of Horace Walpole, he 
became scholar of Clare and then migrated to 
King's. He made abundant notes, and together 
with the work of collecting manuscripts com- 
piled the histories of several Bishoprics, Colleges 
and tovv^ns. Returning after foreign travel to 
Cambridge, he lived at Waterbeach and at 
Milton, and on his death his valuable MSS., lOO 
folio volumes, passed to the British Museum, 
with the careful direction that they were not 
to be opened until twenty years had passed. 
He was the friend of the poet Gray, and also of 
the writer, Alban Butler. 

Sterne, the clever delineator of character, Laurence 
but one whose private life departed so sadly Sterne 
from the ideal, was placed at Jesus, where his (1713-1768) 
great grandfather had been Master. Taking ^^^^^ ^'^^^• 
Orders later, at a period when things v\^ere 
terribly slack, he proved but an indifferent 
clergyman, and the only apparent good which 
accrued from his tenure of livings v.as the oppor- 
tunity which he found of storing up notes for 
the wonderful literary sketches that have given 
to us among others the characters of " Uncle 

III 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Toby," " Widow Wadman " and " Corporal 
Trim." Gradually the volumes of " Tristram 
Shandy," were launched on the world. The 
book attained phenomenal notoriety, both at 
home and abroad. The " Sentimental Journey " 
shared in its success, a success of the kind called 
" scandalous." It is indeed difficult to feel that 
the volumes of sermons published by Sterne 
are by the same man. Power Sterne certainly 
had; his originality may be less easily demon- 
strated; his grasp of humour and sentiment is 
undoubted; and yet his talents were alm^ost 
worse than wasted. Few thoughtful men can 
read Sterne without admiration for his man^el- 
lous talent; fewer still can avoid regret as they 
feel the wilful baseness which colours his best 
work. He passed away in London lodgings, and 
was buried in the small cemetery that still exists 
in the Bayswater Road. Apparently there is at 
least some foundation for the gruesome story 
that two days after burial his corpse was stolen 
by body-snatchers and sent for medical purposes 
to Cambridge, and that it was unexpectedly 
recognised in the dissecting-room by a friend. 

Thomas Gray One of the most cultured and refined of 
(1716-1771) English poets, Thomas Gray, was at Peterhouse 
^! _ in 1734. He had at Eton been the friend of 
Horace Walpole, whose half indolent tastes he, 
to some extent, himself possessed. He took no 
degree at Cambridge, although he read hard: 
subsequently he travelled abroad with Walpole, 
but the two friends quarrelled and Gray returned 

112 



Pemb. 1756. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

to Cambridge where the libraries greatly pleased 
him, and at Cambridge he remained for most of 
his life. All that he wrote was of a high and 
scholarly character, and gave evidence of a 
delightful mind: his first written piece was an 
"Ode on a distant prospect of Eton College," and 
this was shortly followed by the " Elegy in a 
Country Churchyard," and a few years later by 
the "Pindaric Odes." About 1756 occurred the 
well-known incident which made him quit Peter- 
house for Pembroke. He is said to have had 
a morbid fear of fire, and for this reason he 
had a strong iron framework fitted to his 
window, which was two stories up, and kept a 
rope ladder in his rooms. Some acquaintances 
on one occasion played on him the practical 
joke of giving an alarm of fire, and Gray promptly 
descended, only to alight in a bucket of water. 
He was annoyed at the affront, and removed to 
another College. Among his friends were 
Conyers Middleton, Cole, and the poet Mason, 
also of Pembroke. He became Professor of His- 
tory and Modern Languages at the University 
and in Cambridge and its cultured life he 
seemed increasingly to rejoice, revelling in 
every artistic taste. He often stayed at Stoke 
Poges, with his mother, and there he lies buried. 
All that came from his pen was good, and he 
gained a great hold on the English mind. He 
died at Cambridge, after a residence there of 
forty years. 

"3 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Horace All things contributed to make the life of 

Walpole, Horace Walpole an easy one. Heir to the 

4th Earl of ^^^^^^^ ^^ich his father, Sir Robert,, accep- 

Orford . ,.^ , . , -r^ , 

(1717-1797) ^^^ ^^ ' ^^^ trained at Eton, and was 

King's 1735. the friend at King's of Cole and Gray. As 
Member of Parliament he held various sinecure 
Government offices, which gave him the where- 
withal to live in comfort at Strawberry Hill, 
where he indulged calmly and luxuriously in the 
refined literary tastes for which he had great 
aptitude, knowing everyone and liked by all. He 
tried romance — " The Castle of Otranto " and 
** The Mysterious Mother "—then went on to 
"World Essays," " Historic Doubts," "Anecdotes 
of Painting," •* Memoirs of George H. and 
George HI.," and also conducted a correspon- 
dence which proved extremely interesting. He 
ranks as a cultured savant and has left us 
much that is of value. 
Henry Venn Henry Venn, the devout soul whose whole 
(1725-1797) life was given up to earnest ministry of the 
S. John's Word, was at S. John's, then at Jesus, and 
^'^'^^* later on Fellow of Queens'. As the well-known 
Huddersfield preacher, he rapidly came to be 
one of the respected leaders of the Evangelical 
party, and left behind him the reputation of a 
most attractive personality. " The Complete 
Duty of Man " was his great work. 
William Mason, the poet, and the friend of Horace 

Mason Walpole and Gray, was scholar of S. John's 
(1724-1797) ^nd then Fellow of Pembroke. He cannot be 
J° ^" ^ called a great poet, and yet some of the lines 

114 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



he .wrote were refined. He began with 
" Musceus," a poem on Pope's death, and then 
passed to more ambitious efforts in " Elfrida " 
and " C^ractacus," neither of which can be said 
to be really successful. He also wrote the 
biography of his friend Gray. 

Henry Cavendish, a man of the highest family 
and possessed pi great means, was able to de- 
vote his wealth to the furtherance of scientific 
research, which in his day was insufficiently 
recognised, as a subject for endowment. Carry- 
ing on his v*^ork in the neighbourhood of Clap- 
ham, he made several important discoveries, and 
is believed to have found out the existence of 
hydrogen gas. He contributed man> papers to 
the Royal Society. 

Gough was anoither of those men who, by 
continuous toil, gather together facts which are 
of lasting lantiquarian value. After being at 
Corpus Christi, he was in close intimacy with 
Cole, and has left valuable works—" British 
Topography," "The Sepulchral Monuments of 
Great Britain," " History of the Society of 
Antiquaries," and an edition of Camden's 
" Britannia." 

Paley will not easily be forgotten as a great 
writer : what is not so often remembered is that 
he was the Senior Wrangler of his day. The 
"Evidences of Christianity," written about lOO 
years ago, was a great work then, and will ever 
remain so, despite the fact that it is in some 
scientific points now somewhat out of date, and 

115 



Hon. Henry 
Cavendish 

(1731-1810) 
Pet. 1749. 



Richard 

Gough 

(1735-1809) 

Corp. Chr. 

1752. 



William 

Paley 

(1743-1805) 

Chr. 1759. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



II 



that it appeals mainly, as was the custom then, 
to one side of the argument on behalf of 
Christianity. As a Sizar, the writer entered 
Christ's and became Fellow in due course. Of 
somewhat careless habit and averse to excess 
of work, he relates in his own words, the story 
of his awakening. " I was constantly in 
society," he says, " where we were not immoral, 
but idle and rather expensive. At the com- 
mencement of my third year, however, after 
having left the usual party at rather a late hour 
in the evening, I was awakened at five in the 
morning by one of my companions, who stood 
by my bedside and said, ' Paley ! I have beer, 
thinking what a fool you are. I could do 
nothing probably, were I to try, and can afford 
the life I lead: you could do everything, and 
cannot afford it. I have had no sleep during 
the whole night on account of these reflections, 
and am now come solemnly to inform you, that 
if you persist in your indolence, I must 
renounce your society.'" '' I was so struck," Dr, 
Paley continues, " with the visit and the visitor, 
that I lay in bed great part of the day, and 
formed my plan. ... I arose (every day) 
at five: read during the whole of the day, except 
during such hours as Chapel and hall required, 
allotting to each portion of time its peculiar 

branch of study and thus on 

taking my bachelor's degree I became Senior 
Wrangler." Despite his love for theological 
writing, Paley was eminently human: he fished 

ii6 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

and played whist, and entered fully into the 

pleasures of life. Cambridge greatly respected 

him. He passed to be Archdeacon of Carlisle 

by the favour of Edmund Law, then Bishop 

of Carlisle, and besides the " Evidences " left 

the well-known works " Horse Paulinse " and 

" Natural Theology," as monuments of his 

brilliant mind and of his devotion to duty. 

The Anglican Church has seldom regarded Rowland Hill 

the enthusiast with marked favour; he is often (1744-1833) 

an uncomfortable person, and causes distur- ' ^ 

^ 1764. 

bances of thought, ipever agreeable to an 
Englishman. Certainly Rowland Hill gave 
trouble: his devotion to the Christian cause 
vv^as whole-souled and entire: from early youth 
he had been deeply impressed, Shrewsbury and 
Eton only confirmed his eagerness, and Whit- 
iield, the preacher, made him more eager still: 
as an undergraduate of St. John's, he braved the 
storm of ribald jeers and taunts that awaited 
him, and visited the sick and preached in the 
neighbouring villages. His preaching was sin- 
gular in the extreme, suited doubtless to his 
congregations, but eccentric and not altogether 
'' according to knowledge." Bishops knew not 
what to do v/ith him, no less than six refused to 
give him deacon's orders, and the difficulty 
recurred iwhen he desired to be priest. Di& 
turbances attended many of his ministrations, 
and at length he found a ministerial home in 
the Surrey Chapel at Blackfriars, and was eager 
in the establishment of what is regarded as a 

117 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

pioneer Sunday School. He published some 
sermons and hymns, and his memory is treas- 
ured as one of the founders of the Religious 
Tract Society and of the British and Foreign 
Bible Society. 
Samuel Parr Parr, the Emmanuel man, attained to con- 
(1747-1825) siderable eminence, which was justly founded 
upon his extensive learning. He corresponded, 
argued, and talked with all the great men of 
his day, and was a well-known celebrity, owing 
to the voluminous character of his published 
works. As a pronounced Whig, he entered into 
the political discussions of the time, and his 
remarks received due attention. 
Isaac Miiuer ^^^ ^^ ^^^ greatest of those trained at Queens' 
(1750-1820) was Isaac Milner, who, starting as a Sizar, 
Queens' became Senior Wrangler, and after holding the 
'^' posts of Fellow and Tutor, and Vicar of the 
College living of S. Botolph's, passed to the 
Presidency. A pronounced Evangelical, burly 
and strong in voice, good in the pulpit, brilliant 
in conversation and in joke, he ruled his society 
well. He had been Jacksonian Professor of 
Natural Philosophy, and was also Vice-Chan- 
cellor, and later on Lucasian Professor. Much 
controversy arose on the subject of the Bible 
Society, but Milner hardly proved a match for 
the acute reasoning of his clever opponent 
Marsh. He rendered considerable assistance 
to his brother, Joseph Milner, of S. Catharine's, 
in the compilation of the " History of the 
Church of Christ." For a time he held the 

u8 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN 



Deanery of Carlisle, but never severed his con- 
nexion with Cambridge. He Hes buried in the 
old Chapel, ,and a portrait of him is in the 
College hall. 

William Pitt, who was born in the same year William Pitt 
as Wilberforce, was the second son of the great (1759-1806) 
Earl of Chatham, and found in his father one ^^"^"' '^'^'^^^ 
who set before him a lofty example and filled 
him with high aspirations. He came to Pem- 
broke at the age of 14, evincing even then 
considerable brilliancy of attainment, and at 
Cambridge he remained for seven years. He 
formed in early life an acquaintance with Fox, 
who was to prove his persistent opponent. At 
the age of 25 he became Prime Minister, and 
shortly afterwards Member for the University, 
a position which he held through life. His 
career was a notable one. Somewhat cold and 
formal in manner, and accustomed to treat men 
with considerable haughtiness, he often made 
enemies, but though on occasions he showed 
weakness, he must be allowed to rank as a great 
orator and most capable administrator. European 
complications caused him keen anxiety: he 
lived in days when the march of events made 
conduct of affairs extremely difficult, and it has 
been said of him that he was great in every- 
thing but war. The French Revolution was a 
terrible problem, and to guide the bark of 
State aright and preserve the honour of Eng- 
land Avas no easy matter. Pitt had never been 
strong in health: troubles preyed upon him and 

119 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

caused his death at the age of 47. The outlook 
was dark just then. Napoleon had triumphed 
on the Continent: Trafalgar, it is true, had been 
won, but Nelson had died, and further disaster 
had occurred at Ulm and Austerlitz. Well 
might the Prime Minister utter as his last words, 
"Oh! my country. How I leave my country! " 
His private character was noble, he served 
England well, and was Prime Minister through 
seventeen eventful years. He was buried in 
the Abbey by his father's side at the nation's 
expense. 

Herbert Marsh, a strong and able man, quick to note 

Marsh weakness in argument, and without scruple 
^ " ^ in letting his opinion be known, is remem- 
bered as one who greatly influenced thought 
in the University. Trained at the King's 
School, Canterbury, and taking his degree 
from S. John's as 2nd Wrangler, he became 
Fellow, and then in his travels laid up the store 
of German literature and theology which was 
afterwards to be of great service to him. A 
man of original thought and of considerable 
pov/er as a critical theologian, both as Margaret 
Professor for 30 years, and as preacher, he was 
immensely popular. He had little love for 
Calvinism, or for allegorical interpretation of 
Scripture : and found in consequence that Simeon, 
and E. D. Clarke, and Isaac Milner, were arrayed 
against him, and his onslaught on the British 
and Foreign Bible Society, as insecurely founded, 

120 



S. John's 
1774. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



in that it ignored the necessity of the accom- 
panying teaching of Church and Prayer Book, 
added excitement to the controversy. As 
Bishop of Llandaff, and then of Peterborough, 
Marsh continued to evince a strength of 
character and mind which could not be ignored: 
man decried him as despotic, but his determina- 
tion to rule was really qualified by the wisdom 
of a kindly heart, and as a Bishop he left his 
mark. The National Society, in a great 
measure, owes its foundation to this man of 
small stature but keen intellect. 

To Wilberforce was mainly due the abolition of William 

the slave trade. The friend and contemporary "'""®' °^^® 

, r , • (1759-1833) 

of William Pitt, he owed much of the seriousness o t u > 

' S. Jonn s 

which characterised him to the influence of Isaac 1775. 
Milner. Graduating from S. John's, and elected 
quite early in life M.P. for Hull, he began to set 
himself to his life's work. Buoyed up by his 
friendship with Clarkson, against terrible odds he 
bravely contended for what he felt to be right, 
and with powerful oratory persevered in his en- 
deavour to make men view with horror the prin- 
ciple of the slave trade in British dominions and 
elsewhere. Success came to him, but his health, 
always delicate, had given way under the strain: 
he retired into private life, assured of universal 
respect, and of the esteem, which men accord 
to a life passed in the service of mankind. 

121 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Richard Porson, the exceptionally talented son of poor 

PorBon parents, early evinced remarkable aptitude for 
(1759-1808) . ^ 

Trinity 1778. ^^^^"^^g"? ^^^ ^Y ^^^ kindness of friends was sent 

to Eton. Entering at Trinity he became noted 
for his great classical knowledge, and was duly 
appointed Fellow. His fellowship however shortly 
lapsed owing to the fact that Porson was not in 
Orders. With strict conscientious uprightness, 
possibly somewhat rare in those days, he refused 
to take Orders to gain the continuance of his 
ofiice, and went forth, penniless, into the world. 
His request for a Lay Fellowship met with no 
response, but in due course he was elected to the 
Professorship of Greek. Henceforward divid- 
ing his time between London and Cambridge, he 
became known as one of the greatest scholars the 
world had seen for many a long day. His 
memory v/as prodigious — he could repeat a whole 
passage which he had read once, and, report 
said, he could even do so backwards. He 
seemed to know everything, and in whatsoever 
situation he might be, was alv/ays ready with 
some apt Classical quotation. His dress was 
slovenly in the extreme, and his habits irregular, 
and he was more than once refused admittance, 
when he called at the wealthy houses of those 
who were intellectually his inferiors. Proud 
and unbending, he felt keenly the insults prof- 
fered, and judged himself wronged. He could 
interest all men in conversation, from the highest 
to the lowest, and many are the tales of quaint 

122 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

adventure in his life. He gave forth many great 
and notable editions of the Greek Classics, and 
did much to elucidate the text of Euripides, and 
had a great effect on Cambridge scholarship. 
He died in dreadful poverty in London: his body 
was buried with much ceremony in Trinity 
Chapel at the foot of Newton*s statue, the Fel- 
lows acting as pall-bearers. 

Simeon, who was almost exactly contemporary Charles 
with Wilberforce, had a brilliant career at King's. Simeon 

Born of good family, and placed at Eton, he ^^'^^'l^^^) 

Kind's 1779 
in due course became Fellow and Vice Provost of "* 

his College. The story of his life is full of the 
deepest interest, for it is the record of a !saint who 
lived in the closest communion with God. Rightly, 
the name of this great Evangelical leader is 
held in the highest esteem, for the number of 
those he influenced for good was very great. His 
entry on the Incumbency of Trinity Church met 
with keen opposition from the parish, and his 
preaching was often seriously interrupted by un- 
dergraduates. At times he was the object of 
insult and even of assault. For some ten years 
this lasted, and then it gradually became to be 
recognised how great a man he was, and his 
influence increasingly prevailed, until at last the 
reverence for him was intense. Wherever he 
went, in town or countryside, the people flocked 
to hear him and seemed to be deeply touched. 
A thoroughly loyal Churchman, he faithfully pur- 
sued his way, filled with the deepest piety and 
joy in serving his fellow men. It was he who 

123 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

led Henry Martyn to seek the Mission field; it 
was he who proved so helpful to the frail but 
heroic Kirke White, and he always seemed en- 
dued with the power of finding the good !n men. 
When at last he was summoned to lay down his 
work, it is said that Cambridge never saw such 
a funeral as Simeon's, at which 1,500 members 
of the University attended to see him laid to rest 
in the ante-chapel of King's, where his body now 
rests under the initials C.S. For that occasion, 
even though, it was market day, most of the shops 
were shut, lectures were as a rule suspended, 
and the bell of every College chapel tolled. The 
characteristic story is related of him, that once as 
an undergraduate, filled with the determination 
to overcom^e a tendency to laziness in the morn- 
ing, he vowed that if he overslept again he would 
throw a sovereign into the river at the back of 
King's. In his interesting notice of the story, Dr. 
Moule, Bishop of Durham, relates how, true to 
his word, failing the next morning to cure 
himself of his fault, the coin v/as thrown into the 
Cam, where possibly it remains to the present 
day, " in the river's keeping." * 
Thomas ^f the abolition of the slave trade was largely 

Clarkson due to the stirring speeches of Wilberforce in the 
(1760-1846) House of Commons, it was certainly, to some 
■ {° ^^ ^ extent, helped forward by the support of Clark- 
son, and by the fervent addresses which the lat- 
ter delivered throughout the country. " Slav^ 
ery " was the subject of the Latin essay for which 
* H. C. G. Moule " Charles Simeon," p. 83. 
124 



c. 1780. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

he won the Members' Prize as Sizar of S. John's : 

and through life he waged war against what he 

felt to be a great evil, bringing untiring zeal and 

almost phenomenal energy to bear upon the aim 

he had so much at heart. He faithfully sensed 

his generation, and saw his efforts crowned with 

success. 

Charles Grey, after being at Eton, passed Charles 

from King's to high position in the State, and ^^^^^'^^^^y 

rose to be Prime Minister. His career through- ^,. , 

King s 
out was strongly in favour of democratic pro- ^ ^y^^ 

gress, and he was an ardent supporter of 
Fox and an opponent of Pitt. Everything that 
appeared to him to savour of corruption met with 
his stern denunciation, and his speeches were 
listened to with gr^at attention. For a time he 
was out of .office, and then in 1830 was summoned 
to be head of the Ministry, which, by the exer- 
cise of singular firmness, succeeded in passing 
the Reform Bill, and thus brought about great 
changes in England. Very able, of great in- 
tegrity, and a thorough-going Whig, he retired 
from public life within four years, and left an hon- 
oured name behind him. 

Wollaston, who made several valuable scientific willlamHyde 
discoveries, was Fellow of Gonville and Caius. Wollaston 

Of great assiduity in work, he became well-known (1766-1828) 

, . J ^- TT „„ Gon.& Caius 

as a Student of chemistry and optics. He was 

1/04. 
an authority on several medical questions, not- 
ably on the treatment of gout, and is credited 
with the discovery as to how platinum might be 
welded so as to be made into vessels. Men 

125 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Thomas 

Robert 

Malthus 

(1766-1834) 

Jesus 1784. 



Edward 

Baniel Clarke 

(1769-1822) 

Jesus 1786. 



William 
Wordsworth 

(1770-1850) 

S. John's 

1787. 



spoke well of his kindly nature, and he enjoyed 
the friendship of Sir Humphry Davy, and was 
related to Heberden. 

Malthus, who turned his study largely to the 
question of over-population, was a Jesus man, 
and after graduating as 9th Wrangler was made 
Fellow. His views as expressed by his followers 
in later years, who very often lacked the deep 
thought ^nd philosophic,' learning with which Mal- 
thus treated the subject, have not been always 
received without cavil. Even in his ov/n day 
his teaching encountered certain opposition. 
For the man himself, however, all have enter- 
tained an unfailing regard. 

Edward Daniel Clarke, the Fellow of Jesus, is 
remembered as a great and successful traveller. 
As a result, he brought back a large number 
of valuable antiquities, and published a book of 
his " Travels," which was widely read. He was 
appointed to the Professorship of Mineralogy in 
the University, and the Oriental plane tree, which 
he planted as a memorial of his travels, still 
remains in the Fellows' Garden at Jesus. 

The actual rooms which Wordsworth occupied 
at S. John's exist no longer, but their position 
was in the far left corner of the First Court, and 
from them he looked out upon Trinity Chapel* 
and heard the clock give its double strike; and 
of the charm and beauty of all things that he 
sav/ he was never tired of writing. He seems 
to have cared but little for the life at Cambridge, 
and he was never given to be studious, but he 

126 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



enjoyed in his career the friendship of Coleridge, 
Lamb, Southey, Scott, Keble and Tennyson. In 
writing he adopted a simple style and his poems 
were not at the first widely appreciated. But 
in due course it became recognised that he was 
a great teacher, writing of all things with a kind 
and loving heart, and he now ranks as one of 
the most pure and blameless of poets. " What 
was special in Wordsworth," says Dean Church, 
" was tlie penetrating power of his perceptions 
of poetical elements, and his fearless reliance on 
the simple forces of expression, in contrast to 
the more ornate ones. He had an eye to see 
these elements where — I will not say no one had 
seen or felt them, but where no one appears to 
have recognised that they had seen or felt them 
He saw the familiar scene of hum.an life — nature 
as affecting human life and feeling, and man as 
the fellow creature of nature, but also separate 
and beyond it i^ faculties and destiny — had not 
yet rendered up even to the mightiest of former 
poets all that they had in them to touch the 
human heart. And he accepted it as his mission 
to open the eyes and widen the thoughts of his 
countrymen, and to teach them to discern in the 
humblest and most unexpected forms the pre- 
sence of v/hat was kindred to what they had long 
recognised as the highest and greatest."* A fine 
portrait of the poet exists in the College hall, 
and the verses which he wrote to accompany 
the portrait, are to be seen in the College library. 
* English Poets, edited by T. H. Ward, Vol. iv. p. 6. 

127 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Samuel 

Taylor 

Coleridge 

(1772-1834) 
Jesus 1791. 



John After a training at Eton, where he was the 

Hookham fnend of Canning, Frere became, in due course, 

Frere 
i.^.r. , Fellow of Gonville and Caius. For a time he 

(1769-1846) 
Gon. & Caius ^^^^ connected with diplomatic work, and then 

c. 1789. gave himself to literature, and was acquainted 
with all the great men of the period — notably 
Coleridge, and Walter Scott. With consider- 
able ability he produced several humorous 
poems, and the "Ode on .^thelstan*s Victory " 
wia;s a good instance of his clever writing. His 
translations of Aristophanes are widely known. 
Coleridge, the Devonshire boy, early in life 
displayed evidence! of that power which, in after 
years, was to ^make him so singular and thought- 
ful a writer. Trained at Christ's Hospital, 
where he knew Charles Lamb, and entered at 
Jesus College, he passed through the Cambridge 
course but took no degree. Friendly in early 
life with Southey, he for a time clung to the 
notion of the establishment of an advanced soc- 
ial community in America, but the idea came to 
naught. He became acquainted with Words- 
worth, and in company with him did much work. 
The publication of his " Lyrical Ballads," among 
which was the " Ancient Mariner," first brought 
him into notoriety, and these ballads were written 
before he was 25. His unconventional mode 
of life was inimical to worldly success, and 
his prospects were further spoilt by unfortu- 
nate habits. For a time he travelled, and 
came across German philosophical thought, 
which was so seriously to influence his later 



128 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



writing. Just as William Law and John 
Byrom brought the teaching of Behmen, 
the Dutchman, to England, so Coleridge w^as the 
interpreter of Kant, one of the greatest of moral 
and religious philosophers. " Christabel " and 
the " Rhyme of the Ancient Mariner " have been 
justly treasured, and the other poetical writings 
of Coleridge have left their impress in a way, 
on Scott, Keats, Shelley, and Byron; but his 
" Aids to Reflection " also exercised a marvel-» 
lous influence, and they were not without effect 
on Newman and Maurice, and, through both of 
these, on many others. Thus the writings of 
Coleridge have exercised a far-reaching in- 
fluence, and have a considerable hold on religi- 
ous thought a,t the present day. Obscure and 
eccentric much of his poetry must be held to be, 
but for all that, it displayed deep and earnest 
feeling. 

The light which Simeon held aloft in Cam- Henry 
bridge, continued to burn brightly in the devo- Martyn 
tion of many of his followers; it shone in Kirke (1781-1812) 

White, and it shone in Martyn, one of the ^- ^°^^ * 

1797. 
greatest and most devoted of missionaries. The 

work which the latter, in his lamentably short 

life, did, was phenomenal. Born at Truro, 

Martyn graduated as Senior Wrangler from S, 

John's, and became Fellow. For a time he worked 

at Trinity Church, and there, strongly impressed 

by Simeon's .teaching, went forth on his great 

career in India, Persia, and Arabia; working with 

all his might, translating the Scriptures, reasoning 

129 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

with Mohammedans, and planting firmly the 
Church at Cawnpore and Calcutta. He was 
suddenly stricken with fever, and dying at the 
age of 31, left a name unsurpassed for its fer- 
vency of missionary zeal. The epitaph on him, 
written by Macaulay at the ^ge of 13, is of 
interest : — 

Here Martyn lies ! In manhood's early bloom 

The Christian hero found a Pagan tomb : 

Religion, sorrowing o'er her favourite son 

Points to the glorious trophies which he won. 

Eternal trophies, not with slaughter red, 

Nor stained with tears by hopeless captives shed ; 

But trophies to the Cross. For that dear name 

Through every form of danger, death, and shame, 

Onward he journeyed to a happier shore, 

Where danger, death, and shame are known no more. 

Thomas After wide reading in early years, Young came 

Young as Fellow Commoner to Emmanuel and attained 
(1773-1829) to the degree of M.D. He passed to London 
and there, in addition to his medical work, found 
time for much independent stud}^ He was known 
as a great scientific discoverer and possessed 
valuable knowledge on the undulatory theory of 
Light. In the year 1799 a basalt slab was 
discovered at Rosetta, near Alexandria, inscribed 
in hieroglyphic, demotic and Greek characters. 
After being removed to London it came under the 
notice of Young, who, about the year 182 1, was 
able to publish a translation of the inscriptions. 
In 1822 Champollion the Frenchman, who had 
been educated at Grenoble and Paris, also 
published a translation of the same inscriptions : 
and it would seem, that though to the latter credit 

130 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



must be assigned for final accurac}^ as regards 
the writing, great help in the work was afforded 
by the labours of Young, whose portrait now 
hangs in the Combination Room of his College. 

Lord Palmerston was connected as an under- 
graduate with S. John's College, to which society 
he came from Harrow, and the connexion was 
renewed when he became Member for the Uni- 
versity. He soon rose to eminence: in fact, from 
1807 onward till the end, save for a few years, 
he held some official post, and in 1855 became 
Prime Minister, and as Premier died in harness. 
He was thoroughly respected by the people who 
liked his gentlemanly bearing, his kindly heart, 
and his love of sport. Foreign nations respected 
him, and knew that England's honour was safe 
in such hands as his. Buoyant and optimistic, 
possibly at times too flippant, but all the while 
courageous, plucky, and indefatigable in work, 
he carried England through difficult days with 
no loss of her prestige. He was the intimate 
friend of Lord Shaftesbury, and lies buried in 
the Abbey near to Chatham, Pitt, and Canning. 

Sedgwick, the geologist, who lived to a great 
age, and in whose honour the newly-erected 
Museum of Geology was recently opened by King 
Edward, was a Fellow of Trinity. It was as 
Woodwardian Professor that he made his name. 
Enthusiastic and full of love for his work, he 
put new life into the study of his subject. Some 
possibly thought he was too conservative in view 
— certainly he had little love for change and for 

131 



Henry John 

Temple 

3rd Viscount 

Palmerston 

(1784-1865) 

S. John's 

1803. 



Adam 
Sedgwick 

(1785-1873) 
Trinity 1804. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

the new scientific ideas which were in his day 
being put forward, but for his kindly heart and 
well-balanced mind all had the greatest respect. 
The greater part of his long life was passed in 
the University, and he lies buried in Trinity 
Chapel. His statue forms a striking object in 
the new museum. 

There are men who, at the present day, look 
Canning 

1st Viscount ^P'^'^ Stratford Canning, better known as Lord 

Stratford de Stratford de Redcliffe, as one of the wisest of 

Redcliffe England's administrators abroad, and who are 
(1786-1880) .„ ,. J . , 

K" • ISO'? disposed to pay great attention to what 

were his views as regards foreign policy. He 
came to King's after being at Eton and enjoyed 
the friendship of Porson, Simeon, and Blom 
field, and then was appointed Ambassador at 
Constantinople, a post which he held for years. 
Confident as regards the influence of his ofHce, 
he took a broad view of matters, and ever aimed 
at all that brought about the downfall of tyranny 
and oppression. Courteous and yet full of 
dignity, with every possible opportunity of 
studying matters, he largely assisted in arranging 
the so-called " Eastern Question," and left on 
record his strong desire to see wise and 
beneficent reforms urged on Turkey; nor did 
he hesitate to write of his suspicions regarding 
the intentions of Russia, suspicions which he 
had held from the first, and which were sub- 
sequently confirmed. 

132 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

The poet student of S. John's, the man of ^^^^y ^irke 
high ambition and of frail constitution, managed White 
to attain to a College course by his own strenu- (1^^5-1806) 
pus toil. The son of a Nottingham butcher, ^' J^^"^'^ 
with none to help till Simeon in his wisdom took ^^^^" 
him up, this ardent high-souled boy turned from 
the trade to which he was apprenticed, and 
sought for opportunity wherein his love of 
poetry might find scope. He had in the spare 
hours, when work was done, mastered Latin, 
Greek, Spanish, and Portuguese. His early 
poetic efforts met with small financial success, 
though great men praised his writing. At last 
opportunity seemed to smile when S. John's, 
at Simeon's instigation, gave him a Sizarship. 
Ability and spiritual force were strong within him, 
but he seemed born for disappointment: one 
year he ,spent at College, and then a ten- 
dency to consumption became apparent, and in 
the second October his gentle spirit passed 
away in his College rooms. Southey and 
.Wilberforce both admired him, and the former 
did much to help him, and wrote his 
biography. His poetry may not be great, but 
there hangs round it the memory of a hard 
fight against terrible odds, and the breath of a 
piety that was true to the core, and of an 
endeavour that was set on the highest ideals. 
A tablet was raised to his memory in old AiJ 
Saints', and his name is commemorated on the 
cross that faces the Divinity School. 



133 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



^i 



George Cambridge, the " alma mater '* of poets, gave 

Oordon Lord .^^ least some inspiration to Byron, who came 

^^^^ from Harrow to Trinity in 1805 ? though, wayward 

^ • ^o^r even then, he cared little for the University. His 
Trin. 1805. ... 

early poems met with indifferent success, and 

it was not until he published " Childe Harold '* 

that fame came to him, and soon there followed 

"The Giaour" and "The Bride of Abydos." 

The life of this strange and unregulated genius 

is well known : over his nature at times swept 

gusts of passion which left their mark. He 

travelled, swam the Hellespont — just as in former 

days he swam in the Cam, in the pool at 

Grantchester which bears his name — was present 

at the burning of Shelley's remains, and poured 

forth really grand poetry. But much that 

he did and wrote met with but scant approval 

in England. A thorough man, with all a man's 

faults strongly entwined in his nature, he yet 

had lofty aspirations, and with high-souled 

chivalry often took up the cause of those 

who suffered: with romantic and passionate 

energy he worked for the cause of oppressed 

Greece, and caused men to weep bitter tears 

when he died. They sent his body home to be 

buried in the Abbe}', but the feeling of those who 

were responsible could not permit this to be, and the 

poet, so much discussed, so often maligned, and 3'et 

withal so incontestabl}' great, rests in the great 

Church of Hucknall. The statue of him by Thor- 

waldsen, vvhich was refused a place in Westminster 

Abbey, stands in the librar}^ of Trinity College. 

134 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John Herschel, like Sir William before him, 
became a brilliant astronomer. The training 
which the father gave to his son must have been 
extremely valuable, and glimpses of it are given 
in Sir Robert Ball's " Great Astronomers."* The 
boy is said to have asked one day what were 
the oldest things, and the father conveyed the 
answer by taking up a small stone from the 
garden walk. At another time he asked his 
son what sort of things were most alike, and 
when the boy suggested the leaves of the same 
tree, he pointed out the baselessness of his 
reply by making him examine some leaves to 
see how unlike they were. Lessons such as 
these in early youth doubtless paved the way 
for that care and penetration which subse- 
quently characterised his work. Entering at S^ 
John's College after being at Eton, he took 
his degree as Senior Wrangler, was duly made 
Fellow, and became connected with Whewell and 
Peacock. He specially studied " nebulse," and 
published several important works, all of which 
v/ere written with great lucidity. He was buried 
in Westminster Abbey, near to Sir Isaac Newton 
At Charterhouse, Hare was the friend of Thirl- 
wall and Grote, and as Fellow of Trinity he was 
associated with Sedgwick, Whewell, Sterling, 
and Maurice, whose sister he married. As 
lecturer he was much appreciated, and his 
opinion in literary matters was held in high 



Sir John 
Frederick 
William 
Herschel 
(1792-1871) 
S. John's 
1809. 



Julius Charles 
Hare 

(1795-1855) 
Trin. 1812. 



* p. 247 (quoting Professor Pritchard), 

135 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

esteem. Well versed in German theology, he 

was known as a capable, but lengthy preacher, 

Later in life he became Archdeacon of Lewes, 

William The name of Whewell, the great Master of 

ewe Trinity, is rightly treasured in the University. 
(1794-1866) . u u ■ r u n- u- 

T ■ 1812 ^ ^^ gave promise of brilliant things : 

he was the son of a Lancaster master carpenter 
and educated at the '* Blue Coat " School in that 
town. At Cambridge he was in the set 
of Herschel, Peacock, Julius Charles Hare, 
Thirlwall, and Hugh James Rose. The English 
poem prize fell to him as an undergraduate, and 
he was President of the Union. Everyone 
expected him to be Senior Wrangler, but to the 
surprise of all he only took second place after 
Jacob. Rumour had it that his competitor for 
senior honours had feigned indolence and led 
Whewell thereby to be slack in his reading. 
He was quickly made Fellow and Tutor, and 
soon after Professor of Mineralogy. From that 
he passed to the Knightsbridge Chair of Moral 
Philosophy. He had been successful as Tutor, 
and his reputation was already great: he seemed 
to know everythin^g, and all acclaimed him 
when the Crown made him Master of Trinity. 
In his new post he advanced the College and 
raised the tone of the University. Two examina- 
tions were started mainly through his efforts in 
185 1 — the Moral and Natural Science Triposes, 
He was an authority on architecture, and also on 
philosophy and theology. One of his great 
works was on " The Plurality of Worlds," and 

136 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



alike on " Tides " and on " Astronomy " he wrote 
valuable treatises. Men thought him brusque, but 
the kind heart lay behind, and in all ways he 
was great. Some may remember the thrill of 
sorrow which Cambridge felt when it was known 
that the Master had fallen from his horse near 
the Gog Magogs; as he lay dying he asked to be 
placed so that he might fully see the great court 
of his beloved College— the fairest scene in Eng- 
land as he thought. A statue was erected 
to his memory in the ante-Chapel of Trinity, 
where his body rests. 

The name of Rose is remembered as that of Hugh James 
a Cambridge man who was in the close friend- Rose 
ship of the Oxford Tractarian leaders. He was ^^^^^^'^^^^^3^ 
distinguished for wide and accurate ^earning, 
and took a leading part in the current contro- 
versies. He was intimate with Newman, Pusey, 
Palmer, Richard Hurrell Froude, and Keble, 
and was greatly respected in the University.* 

Connop Thirlwall, whose history of Greece is Connop 
well known, was at Charterhouse, and in due T^^J^^^^^^^ 
course became Fellow of Trinity. At Cambridge ^^.^ ^^^^' 
he took a strong line in favour of the admission 
of students to the University irrespective of 
their reUgious views, and held no very great 
appreciation ior the system of compulsory 
attendance at College Chapel. Christopher 
Wordsworth, the Master of Trinity, opposed him, 
and in due course he resigned the post of 
Assistant Tutor, though he remained a member 
of the College. He was intimate with John 

* Newman dedicated to Rose the 4th Vol. of " Parochial 
and Plain Sermons." 
137 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John Stevens 

Henslow 

(1796-1861) 

St. John's 

1814. 



Henry Melvill 

(1798-1871) 
S. John's 

1817. 
Pet. 1820. 



Thomas 
Babington 

Lord 

Macaulay 

(1800-1859) 

Trin. 1818. 



Stuart Mill and George Grote, and eventually 
became Bishop of S. David's. He loved the 
quiet of his country home, and, possibly rather a 
scholar than a great Bishop, he has left a name 
which is widel}^ known, and lies buried in the same 
grave as George Grote in Westminster Abbey. 

In the same year, John Stevens Henslow, 
the friend of Adam Sedgwick, Edward Daniel 
Clarke, and Darwin, received his training at 
S. John's and later on proved successful as 
Professor of Mineralogy, and then of Botany. 
He was also beloved as Curate of Little S. 
Mary's. Several w^orks were written by him, 
and he is remembered as a delightful character. 

Within recent years, when visitors were dilat- 
ing on the merits of Dr. Liddon as a preacher, 
a verger of S. Paul's Cathedral used to remark 
that Melvill, also a former Canon of S. Pauls, 
had in his day even a greater reputation. He 
had entered at S. John's, and was later on 
Fellow and Tutor of Peterhouse, after graduat- 
ing as 2nd Wrangler, and was for a time Vicar 
of S. Mar}^ the Less. Melvill v;as buried in the 
crypt of London's great Cathedral. 

It was along the pathway by the Chapel at 
Trinity that Macaulay, the future popular essayist 
and historian, often walked: it is in the Chapel 
itself that his statue stands, graven with Sir 
Richard Jebb's inscription; and possibly no name 
of Cambridge connexion is better known thai? 
that of the writer of the " Lays of Ancient 
Rome." After going to school at Little Shelford, 

138 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



the boy of marvellous memory and rare ability 
entered the University. He gained the Craven 
Scholarship, as well as several prizes, and becom- 
ing Fellow quickly rose to eminence. After enter- 
ing the House of Commons he accepted for a 
while a post in India. Then came the publica- 
tion of the " Lays," the " Essays " and the 
'' History." On historical matters he shed a 
new light and invested whole periods with 
living and dramatic interest. Possibly he was 
not strictly accurate, and at times his estimate 
of things was hardly fair, but he wrote with 
graphic and fascinating clearness. His Essays, 
in a way, did even more effectual work, for 
they popularised history; they were not without 
fauUs, for Macaulay often displayed bias and 
looked at things from the " Early Victorian " 
standpoint. On the subjects of philosophy and 
of religion he often went far astray, and his 
view of the Church of England was ill-founded 
and narrow; but yet he wrote "largely," and 
his striking utterances stand to be ever remem- 
bered, if not always agreed with. He had known 
Milner, Moultrie, and Charles Austin in Cam- 
bridge days : ^t the Union he was a 
prominent speaker, and his oratory was admired 
in the Commons. Kind-hearted and upright, 
and of great .amiability, he occupied a great 
place in his day. 

George Airy entered Trinity in 1819, and took sir Georg-e 
the degree of Senior Wrangler. He became ^j8of\^g2)' 
Fellow and was appointed Lucasian Professor, Trin. 1819. 

139 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



and then Plumian Professor of Astronomy and 
Director of the Observatory. Later in life he 
became Astronomer Royal. He was a great 
writer, and living to an advanced age, left a most 
worthy record behind him. 

James Challis Airy was followed two years later by Challis, 
(1803-1882) ^j^Q entered ^t Trinity College and gradu- 
ated as Senior Wrangler. Becoming later on 
Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Director of 
the Observatory, he was much connected with 
Adams and Airy in the discoveries they made. 

Sir Alexander Cockburn, the well-known Chief Justice, who 

tried the Wainwright murder and the memorable 

Edmund 

„ , , Tichbome case, was Fellow of the Hall. He 

Cockburn ' 

(1802-1880) ^^^ contemporary with Lytton; and like him 

Trin. H. 1822 a speaker at the Union. He became a noted 

Judge, and was on the Commission in the Geneva 

arbitration over the Alabama claims. 

Edward Lytton's novels take a high place in popular 

' estimation. Opinions possibly differ as to their 
Lord Lytton ^ . 

(1803-1873) excellence, but they have been widely appre- 

Trin. 1822 ciated. It is only necessary to mention 
Trin. H. 1822 " Pelham " and " Paul CHfford," and the later 
and better known works " Rienzi " and " The 
Last Days of Pompeii," to recall his fame. 
Among the plays he wrote, the " Lady of Lyons " 
and " Richelieu " still hold their own. First at 
Trinity and then passing to the Hall, he entered 
fully into University life, and together with Cock- 
burn, often spoke at the Union. He was Member 
of Parliament for some years, and Secretary of 
State for the Colonies. 

140 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Willis was one of the great niathematicians Roben W^^ 
who came to the University about this tima ^^^^ams 
He became Fellow of Gonville and Cams, and ^^^2. 
Jacksonian Professor of Experimental Philosophy. 
He made many improvements which were of service 
to the nation, and had a wide acquaintance with 
architecture, and a special knowledge of the 
architectural history of Cambridge. 

As a boy, Maurice is said to have formed the Frederick 

/^5 d uKjy, ^ •,• _ Denison 

idea which eventually took shape m the writing ^^^^.^^ 

of his great work, '^The Kingdom of Christ" ^1805-1872) 
—a book which still widely influences religious ^rin. 1823 
thought. He was at Trinity, and then at the Tdn. H. 1825 
HalC but gave up the thought of a Fellowship. 
Intimate with Gladstone, Carlyle, Kingsley, and 
Stanley, he became well known as ,a London 
preachJr, and later on lattracted crowds of 
thoughtful men at S. Edward's in Cambridge. 
His views were not acceptable to all: rumours 
of sceptical leanings brought about his eject- 
ment from his Professorship at King's College, 
London. The suspicions hurt his gentle nature, 
but he went steadily on his way and accepted 
the Chair of Moral Philosophy at Cambridge. 
Men thought him hazy, but he saw below the 
surface of things, and his views were solidly 
founded, and he did much to make others see 
the value of the historic element in Theology. 
He was greatly interested in Christian Socialism, 
and his advocacy of working men^s colleges 
evinced his keen solicitude for the advance- 
ment of his fellow men. He seems, in early 

141 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John Sterling- 

(1806-1844) 

Trin. 1824. 

Trin. H.1825 



Ricliard 

Chenevix 

Trench 

(1807-3 8S6) 
Trin. 1825. 



Edward 
Fitzg^erald 

(1809-1883) 
Trin. 1826. 



days, to have spoken at the Union,* land 
throughout his life he nobly, upheld the truth 
as it impressed him. His influence in theo- 
logical thought is much recognised at the 
present day, and now that the din of controversy 
has passed, it is recognised how great a teacher he 
was, and what a beautiful character he possessed. 

In the same year there came to Trinity one 
who was widely admired, and is remembered 
not only for the poems and prose works he 
wrote, but for his intimacy with many great men 
of his day. J. C. Hare, F. D. Maurice, Trench, 
Coleridge, Wordsworth, and Edward Irving, 
all seemed impressed with the charm of his 
character, and his memory was made fam.ous by 
the biography which Carlyle wrote of him. He 
died at the early age of 38. 

In the next year, Richard Chenevix Trench 
was, after being educated at Harrow, placed 
at Trinity, and became the friend of Maurice, 
Tennyson, Hallam, and later, of Samuel Wilber- 
force. He was promoted to be Dean of 
V/estminster and then Archbishop of Dublia 
His writings on the " Parables " and " Miracles " 
of our Lord v/erc widely known, and his " Study 
of Words " had a large circulation. He is 
buried in the Abbey. 

Edward Fitzgerald, during his residence at 
Trinity, was the friend of Spedding, W. B. 
Donne, Thompson, and Thackeray; in later 
years he was intimate with Tennyson, Carlyle, 
and George Crabbe. Great was the affection 
and regard which one and all of them had for 



* On this point there is some doubt. 
142 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



this scholar of refined taste and charming 
manner, who revelled in literature, and thus fol- 
lowed out his meditative and dreamy bent. He 
has left us " Polonius " and " Euphranor," and, 
more than all, he revivified rather than translated 
the " Quatrains " of the Persian poet, Omar 
Khayyam, and thus gave to the world a work 
which will prove lasting in its effect of affording 
an insight into delightful, if somewhat pessimistic 

Eastern poetry. 

Christopher Wordsworth, son of the Master of 
Trinity, and nephew of the poet, took the degree 
of Senior Classic, and in addition gained a large 
number of Scholarships and prizes. He was for 
a time PubUc Orator of the University, and then 
Head Master of Harrow. As Bishop of Lincoln 
he was widely known, and wrote a Commentary 
on the whole Bible. Scholarly, sedate in manner, 
■ and seeming almost to be one of the ancient 
Fathers of the early Church alive again, he was 
looked up to as a great authority on Church 
matters. 

The name of Lord Houghton was widely 
known in the last half of the nineteenth century 
At Trinity he had been the pupil of Thirlwall, 
and in the society of that group of students, 
known as " Apostles," who met for discussion 
and criticism in the University. Among them 
were^ Trench, Thompson, Alford, F. D. Maurice, 
Sterling, Maine, Buller, Tennyson, Hallam, 
J. M. Kemible, Venables and Merivale. Later, 
he knew Gladstone, Wordsworth, Emerson and 

143 



Christopher 
Wordsworth 

(1807-1885) 
Trin. 1826. 



Richard 

Monckton 

Milnes, 

1st Lord 

Houghton 

(1809-1885) 

Trin. 1827. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



James 

Spedding 

(1808-1881) 

Trin. 1827. 



George 

Augustus 

Selwyn 

(1809-1878) 

S.John's 

1827. 



Charles 
Robert 
Darwin 

(1809-1882) 
Chr. 1828. 



Carlyle. His literary output was large, and he 
wrote several poems. In all ways he was greatly 
respected and admired. 

For James Spedding, the Editor of Bacon's 
Works, the University had strong regard, and 
would have wished to make him Professor of 
Modern History when Kingsley died. At Trinity 
he was one of the " Apostles," and in later years 
proved to be a writer of considerable power. 

George Augustus Selwyn, after being at Eton, 
where he was the friend of Gladstone, came as 
scholar to S. John's, and, taking the degree 
of Second Classic, was in due course made 
Fellow. He is remembered as a great Bishop. 
Called to be diocesan of New Zealand, he threw 
marvellous energy into the work and shewed 
what a Colonial Prelate could do. Under his 
rule, more Bishops were appointed for the 
island, and really efficient work was carried 
on. The Lambeth Conference, now of much 
moment, owed its inception to a large extent 
to his foresight. Becoming later Bishop of 
Lichfield, he equally made his mark in a home 
diocese, and left a name which is held in high 
esteem. 

Christ's was the home of Darwin, the great 
naturalist, and the days at College were a happy 
period in his life. The studies of the place did 
not attract him: he was even then thinking on 
other lines, which were to lead to his famous 
theories. All that was high and lofty in idea] 
found favour with him, and he was loved and 

144 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



respected by friends throughout his life. The 
famous trip in H.M.S. Beagle, which enabled 
him to lay the foundation of his subsequent know- 
ledge, was taken in 1831, and then on his return 
came the removal to Kent, where for years he 
carried on his investigations. No trouble was 
too great, no detail too insignificant, for the 
careful balancing of facts which he set himself 
to acquire, and which took up all his time for 
many years; and when in 1859 he pubhshed his 
" Origin of Species," followed twelve years later 
by " The Descent of Man,'' the world discovered 
that it had a great investigator in its midst. 
Possibly now not all of his conclusions would 
be unhesitatingly accepted, but for the boldness 
with which he advanced what appeared to him 
the truth, all thinking men had the greatest 
regard and his theories produced a most 
important effect upon the world's thought. Even 
those who failed to agree with him admired his 
gentle nature and the devotion with which he 
gave himself up to the study which he did sq 
much to elucidate. He was the intimate friend 
at Cambridge of Henslow, and later on of 
Hooker, and Lyell, and all the great scientific 
men of the day. He lies buried in Westminster 
Abbey. In 1909, one hundred years after Dar- 
win's birth, and fifty years after the publication 
of the -' Origin of Species," there was a great 
gathering at Cambridge of men of science from 
all parts of the world, to testify to the high 
appreciation in which the name of Darwin is held 
at the present day. 

145 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Alexander Kinglake, the historian of the Crimean War, 
William and the writer of " Eothen," was at Trinity, 
Kinglake after being at Eton under Keate. He was 

intimate with Thackeray and Tennyson, and 

Trin. 1828 . ^ 

greatly admired as an author. 

Alfred When Tennyson came to Trinity, he soon 

lord passed into the close friendship of the men 

Tennyson ^yj-jo were Styled "Apostles." For one of them, 

(1809-1892) Arthur Hallam, he had great affection, and 
Trin. 1828. ^^ „ , , , , , , i • i 

Hallam s early death became memorable m the 

verses of " In Memoriam.*' Later in life he 
was intimate with Gladstone. Kingsley, and 
Maurice, to whose teaching he paid great defer- 
ence. Over the minds of Englishmen Tennyson 
had full control, and to them he spoke as no other 
could. Patriotic and loyal, he appealed to his 
countrymen's feelings and affections in noble 
lines which were well thought out and always 
within their range of understanding. There is 
only need to mention " Idylls of the King," 
"Two Voices," "In Memoriam," "Maud," 
" Charge of the Light Brigade," and " Crossing 
the Bar," to recall the interest with which his 
poems were received. In the writing of drama 
he was, perhaps, not thoroughly successful, but. 
" Queen Mary " and " Becket " contained much 
that was good. The nation grieved when he 
passed away, and with a widespread sense of 
loss he was laid to his rest in the Abbey by 
the side of Robert Browning. A statue of him 
has recently been placed in the Chapel of Trinity 
College. 

146 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Alford, whose name is well-known in con- Henry Alford 
nexion with Greek Testament studies and the (1810-1871) 
early attempts to form an English Revised ^^^^- ^^2^' 
Version, took his degree from Trinity. He was 
a good scholar and a man of much culture and 
refined thought. He enjoyed the friendship of 
that well-known group of students who gathered 
round Tennyson. He subsequently became 
Dean of Canterbury. 

The name of Thackeray is known throughout william- 
the English speaking world. The great works Makepeace 
which he wrote rank as masterpieces of the Thackeray 
novelist's art. His insight into character and (181 1-1863) 
the beauty of many of his tales render necessary ^^^"' ^^^^ 
some knowledge of his writings for every person 
who claims to be educated, and the drawing of 
the men and women he so cleverly portrayed 
can hardly be surpassed. He had been at 
Charterhouse, and came to Trinity as one of 
VVhewell's pupils : his rooms are still shewn in 
the First Court, and among his friends were 
Thompson, Kinglake, Monckton Milnes, and 
Tennyson. The Union Society claims him as 
one v/ho' spoke at the debates. He took no 
degree, but after travelling went for a time 
to the Bar, and then began his first literary 
efforts in journalism. He worked hard but with 
indifferent success, and it is almost saddening 
to hear of this man of master mind and powerful 
presence toiling for his daily bread, and waiting 
long in vain for that acceptance which he so 
hoped to see. Even "Vanity Fair" was at 

147 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

the first a failure : shortly after followed " The 
Virginians," and that story of his old Charterr 
house home, "The Newcomes," which is so gener- 
ally loved. " Esmond " is by some considered to 
be one of the finest novels ever written. After 
his death the public gave him that tribute which, 
to some extent at least, had been denied him 
in life, and he rests in the Abbey. 
John William It has fallen to few people to stir the religious 
Colenso world so effectually as did Colenso in his day. 
(1814-1883) So-called advanced Biblical criticism was then 
virtually unknown in England, and the extreme 
views that he put forward, with reference to the 
Old Testament, brought a storm of obloquy 
about his head. Born in poverty and lacking 
advantages, by sheer strength of will he made 
his way to Cambridge and graduated from S, 
John's as Second Wrangler and Smith's Prize- 
man. He became Fellow and was afterwards 
a Mathematical Masterl at Harrow. He was then 
appointed Bishop of Natal, and applied his 
energies to the study of the Zulu language. 
But his fame rests upon the bold views he 
took with regard to the Pentateuch: views 
which, though now generally accepted, were at 
the time regarded as almost blasphemous. 
The Evangelical party felt his action deeply: 
that he was extremely rash is hardly to be 
doubted, and even Maurice, who had been his 
friend for some time,- severed himself from 
him. Bishop Gray, the Metropolitan of Cape 
Town, claimed to have power to try him for 

148 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

heresy, and duly deposed arid excommunicated 
him, and diverted from him all the funds 
he could. For years the controversy raged — ■ 
Colenso defied his foes, refused to resign and 
braved the issues. Only recently has the dis- 
turbed state of his diocese passed away. Into 
the merits of the controversy there is no need 
to enter: deplorable as it was it seemed inevit- 
able. For one thing we may be thankful: 
throughout the trouble all fair-minded men 
rejoiced to recognise the integrity which had 
characterised ,the Bishop through his life: he 
fought for what seemed to him truth and honour, 
and his worst enemies found him a fair and 
generous opponent. 

Vaughan entered Trinity in 1834, and after Charles John 
obtaining a scholarship, took his degree in 1838 Vaughan 
as Senior Classic and Chancellor's Medallist, (1816-1897) 
being bracketed with Lord Lyttelton. He was 
made Fellow of his College, and became suc- 
cessively Head Master of Harrow, Vicar of Don- 
caster, Master of the Temple, and, late in life. 
Dean of Llandaff. Devoting himself to Biblical 
study and avoiding every form of controversy, 
he went quietly on his way, and refused pro- 
motion to episcopal office. He was widely 
known as an attractive and thoughtful preacher, 
and as one who had a peculiar aptitude for train- 
ing men for the ministry, and impressing them 
with his own deep earnestness and sanctity of 
life. 



149 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Thomas Lovers of Cathedral music remember with 

Attwood pleasure the name of Walmisley, who was ap- 

Walmisley pointed org'anist of Trinity and S. John's, and 

(1814-1856) ^^,^g shortly after made Professor of Music. He 

T • 1839 joined the University and took his degree from 

Jesus. It fell to him to compose anthems for the 

installation of two Chancellors, Lord Camden 

and Prince Albert. He was a great admirer of 

Bach, and wrote some fine Church Music. 

A brass to his memory exists in Trinity Chapel 

Harvey Goodwin, who took his degree as 2nd 

Goodwin Wrangler, was Scholar and Fellow of Gonville 

(1818-1891) and Caius, and was a very capable writer on 

Gon. &Caius g^-^j^^-^^ subjects, which he made extremely 

1835 . 

interesting. He is still widely remembered by 

those who were undergraduates in his day 
for the spirited and thoughtful sermons w^hich 
he delivered as Chaplain of S. Edward's. He sub- 
sequently became Dean of Ely and Bishop of 
Carlisle. Among his friends were Benjamin 
Webb, Thompson, and Neale, who were all 
fellow members of the Cambridge Camden 
Society: and he was also intimate with R. L. 
Ellis and Mackenzie. 
John Mason While the Tractarian leaders were closely con- 
Neale nected with Oxford, men of great learning were 

^ ^ ^ not wanting at Cambridge who were in sympathy 
Trin. 1836. . , , , . . , 

D • 1840 '*^ movement and m a practical way 

largely helped it forward. It would be difficult 
to say how vast an influence Neale quietly 
brought to bear on the Church of England by 
his writing. Trained in the Evangelical 

150 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

school, and entering as a scholar at Trinity, he 
quickly gave proof of his proficiency. His 
dislike of mathematics prevented him from 
obtaining the high degree in Classics which he 
might otherwise have gained: he was, however, 
Members' Prizeman, and in due course became 
Fellow and Tutor of Downing. It was due to 
his initiative, in conjunction with Benjamin 
Webb, his life-long friend, who was also at 
Trinity, and well-known later on as Vicar of 
S. x\ndrew*s, Wells Street, that the Cambridge 
Camden Society was started in 1839, ^^^ the 
work of restoring and beautifying the Churches 
of England begun. It was to these two young 
men that people applied to know how to proceed 
on proper lines in Church restoration. The 
Society gained considerable notoriety concern- 
ing the restoration of the Church of the Holy 
Sepulchre in the town : and later its headquarters 
were removed to London. After ordination 
Neale settled -down to a life of strenuous 
writing — high preferment came not to him: 
the only post he was ever offered was the 
wardenship of Sackville College near East Grin- 
stead, where his duty was to minister to a fevy^ 
almshouse poor, for a yearly salary of £30. 
Thoroughly loyal as he was to the Church of 
England, he met with opposition: people mis- 
understood his great learning, mention was madQ 
of his leanings to " spiritual haberdashery," and 
for 14 years he was under episcopal inhibition. 
The number of works he produced in his life 

151 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of 48 years was almost phenomenal — a great 
linguist, theologian, and liturgiologist, with a 
thorough knowledge of the Eastern Church, he 
was also famous as a translator ot Greek and Latin 
hymns. He could turn English poetry into perfect 
Latin verse with extraordinar}^ facility : a story is 
related with regard to a call which he made on 
Keble at Hurslej^ : ''After talking with his guest, 
Keble left the room to search for papers, and w^as 
unexpectedly detained. When he returned, Neale 
observed with a touch of reproach, that he had 
ahvays understood ti:c ' Christian Year ' to be 
entirely original. Keble replied that it most cer- 
tainty was. 'Then how do you explain this?' and 
Neale drew forth a Latin version of one of 
the poems, and placed it before him. Keble, 
too simple-minded to be suspicious, was con- 
founded, and could only protest in distressed 
astonishment that he had never seen the 
original before: but, though relieved, he can 
hardly have been less surprised when Neale 
explained that he had taken advantage of his 
absence to turn the English into Latin."* For 
ele'; en years in succession he obtained the Sea- 
tonian Prize, and many of our best known 
English Ijymns are due to him. His stories 
for the young are also widely appreciated. He 
was intimate with Challis, Goodwin, Beresford 
Hope, F. A. Paley, George Williams, Pugin, and 
Littledale. He founded the sisterhood at East 



E. A. Towle, John Mason Nealc, p. 213. 
1^2 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Grinstead, and lies buried in the Parish Church- 
yard. 

Possessed of a gentle nature and many great Robert Leslie 
moral qualities, Ellis deeply impressed the Cam- Ellis 
bridge men of his day. Taking the degree of (1817-1859) 
Senior Wrangler when Goodwin was placed ^^"" ^^^^' 
second, he became Fellow^ of Trinity, wrote 
several papers on scientific and linguistic sub- 
jects, and joined Spedding in editing the works 
of Bacon. Of frail constitution, after a suffer- 
ing life, he passed awa}^ at the age of 42. 

George Gabriel Stokes, who was born in sir George 
Ireland, was educated at Bristol College. He Gabriel 
entered Pembroke, and becoming Senior Wrang- Stokes 
ler and Smith's Prizeman was made Fellow. ^ ' 
Men of high genius were at the University just 
then: Cayley was Senior Wrangler in 1842, 
Adams in 1843, and Thomson followed only 
two years later. In 1849 Stokes was appointed 
Lucasian Professor, a post which he held for 50 
years: throughout that period he was regarded 
as one ^pf the foremost scientists of his day, 
and to his opinion great deference was paid. 
While he gave special attention to hydro- 
dynamics, optics, and acoustics, he was an 
acknowledged ,authority upon every scientific 
question. At times he interested himself in the 
commonplace facts of everyday life: it is re- 
lated that he loved to try and explain the reasons 
why old glass of stained windows seems to us to 

* R^ L. Ellis, Biographical Memoir of, 
by H. Goodwin, p. xix. 



Pemb. 1837. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

hav-e especial beauty, and why some particular 
fashion of dress is pleasing to the eye, or the 
reverse. His accurate mind easily detected 
a fault: once at an Academy dinner, he 
pointed out that the colours of the rainbow 
depicted jpn a prominent picture, were in the 
wrong order.* After being Secretary to the 
Royal Society for many years, he became 
President: and for four years he represented 
the University in Parliament. Reserved in 
manner and often silent, he was yet full of 
human kindness, and his scientific intelligence 
found no difficulty in accepting Christian doc- 
trines. In 1899, his jubilee as Professor was 
kept with much ceremony, and in 1902 he was 
appointed to the Mastership of the College. He 
died, universally respected, the following year, 
and a medallion pf him was placed in West- 
minster Abbey. 

Alexander The name of Beresford-Hope, Member of 

James Beres- Parliament for the University, was in the minds 

or • ope ^^ Cambridge men for many years. Connected 

(1820-1887) . , TT 1 T^ . . 1 

-r • to^n With Harrow and Irmity, he was an excellent 

Trm. 1837. -^ ' 

example of those men who faithfull}- serve both 
Church and realm. He most liberally restored 
S. Augustine's College, Canterbury, and largely 
aided in building the beautiful Church of All 
Saints', Margaret Street, erected for the special 
purpose of setting forth at its best the stately 
worship of the English Church. In all Church 
questions in Parliament be took a liveh^ interest. 

Sir G. G. Stokes. Memoir, pp. 20, 21, 23. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Cayley, the Senior Wrangler and the scholar 

and Fellow of Trinity, passed most of his life „ , 

Caylej 

in ardent mathematical research. He became (i82i-i8Q5) 

Sadlerian Professor of Pure Mathematics, and Trin. 1838, 

his opinion on all scientific matters was treated 

with the greatest respect, both at home and 

abroad. His portrait is in the Dining Hall at 

Trinity. 

The author of " Westward Ho ! " has a fame 

Charles 
that may be envied. Born in Devon, he xinffsley 

matriculated at Magdalene and became scholar (1819-1875) 
In early days, he admired Maurice, Coleridge, Magd. 1838. 
and Carlyle, and in later years he was the 
intimate friend of Martineau, Arthur Stanley, 
Froude, J. S. Mill, and Thomas Hughes. From 
the quiet of Eversley he gave to the world 
" Yeast," " Alton Locke," " Hypatia," " West- 
ward Ho ! " and " Two Years Ago " — novels 
which are still widely read. As a thinker he 
achieved high renown, and the charm of his con- 
versation was remarkable; and when Cambridge 
called him to be Professor of Modern History, 
his lectures became very popular. Strong in 
his appreciation of all that was noble, his sturdy 
manliness of thought left a great impression on 
the English mind, and the people learned to 
love and respect the teaching of this great 
Christian writer who worked for the highest 
ends. 



155 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

John Couch Adams, who was to become famous as the 

Adams discoverer "of the planet Neptune, was entered 

(1819-1892) as an undergraduate at S. John's in 1839. A 

S. John s Cornishman by birth, he took his degree as 

1839 

Senior .Wrangler, and his papers were said 
to be of exceptional merit. As Fellow 
of his College he gave himself up to 
advanced mathematical study, and eagerly tried 
to discover the reason for the irregularities in 
the motion of Uranus. Deep investigations led 
him to prove the existence of another, and as 
yet unknown planet, and he left a record of 
his discovery with Air}^ in 1845; j'-^st after this 
time the French astronomer, Leverrier, pub- 
lished exactly similar conclusions, at which he 
had arrived by independent study: thus by 
English and French authority there was suddenly 
revealed to the scientific world, the fact of the 
existence of the planet Neptune, and both x\dams 
and Leverrier were accorded equal honour by 
the Royal Society. Adams held the post of 
Lowndean Professor of Astronomy in succession 
to Peacock, and was also later on Fellow of 
.Pembroke. He was admired and revered, and 
enjoyed the special friendship of Challis, x\iry, 
and Herschel. 
Sir Henry -^^^ Henry Maine, who was known to the world 
James Sumner as a great Jurist, came as a Christ's Hospital 
Maine boy to Pembroke, and became later on Tutor 
(1822-1888) ^^ ^Yie Hall and subsequently Master. He 

«, . , graduated as Senior Classic, and was Professor 

Trin.H.1845. ^ . ' 

of Civil Law, apd in after years Whewell 

i;6 



CELEIiRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Professor of International Law. Some of his 
legal writings are highly valued. 

During the latter part of the nineteenth cen- william 
tury, the name of Kelvin was almost a house- Thomson, 
hold word. Born in Belfast, and given an Lord Kelvin 

early education at Glasgow, where his father (1824-1907) 

Pet 1841 
was Professor, he came to Peterhouse in 184 1. 

Placed under the guidance of Hopkins, the well- 
known mathematical "coach," forming, even then, 
a friendship with Stokes, which was to last 
through life, and displaying eagerness for 
boating, and also for music, he graduated as 
Second Wrangler and First Smith's Prizeman, 
the Senior Wranglership being awarded to 
Parkinson, of S. John's. Even then, he was 
recognised as a mathematician of extraordinary 
power: his papers in the Tripos were of grea^t 
merit, and it is related that one of the 
examiners remarked to the other, " You and I 
are just about fit to mend his pens." In 1846, 
he was made Professor of Natural Philosophy 
at Glasgow. At Glasgow he was to pass the 
remainder of his life, and to be looked on as 
one of the greatest living authorities on all 
scientific matters. He lived during the years 
when the science of electricity was to make 
extraordinary progress; by the vastness of 
his knowledge and the keen interest which 
he threw into his work, he not only helped this 
progress forward, but inspired enthusiasm in 
most with whom he came in contact. In 1892, 
he was raised to the Peerage, and in 1896 the 

157. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



jubilee of his tenure of the Professorship was 
kept. He lies by the side of Isaac Newton, in 
Westminster Abbey. 
Henrj^Latham ^^^ many 3'ears the attractive personality of 
(1821-1902) Henry Latham was respected in the University, 
Trinity 1841 both by the elder members and by the under- 
Tnn.H. 1847 graduates. Scholar of Trinity at first, and then 
entering Trinity Hall, he became a most success- 
ful Tutor, and linally was elected Master in 
succession to Maine. His common-sense was 
always to the front: without being a trained 
theologian, he yet thought out theological and 
scriptural matter in his own wonderful way, 
and left writings of lasting value and original 
insight — among these are '* Pastor Pastorum " 
and the " Risen Master." 
Charles " ^^ one else will go, so I will," was Mac- 

Trederick kenzie's remark when friends tried to dissuade 
Mackenzie him, the man of fine appearance and athletic 

{ 1 ^O ^ 1 SAO \ 

^ " " "' prowess, from throwing away his higii chances 
S. John's r J /• 1 • • • 

1C44 ^^^ ^"^ purpose or takmg up missionary work 

Gon. & Cains ^'^^^"'^^'^^to^ had indeed inspired him with a 
1845. lofty ideal, and when once his thoughts were 
turned to the Mission held nothing could keep 
him back. He had been Second Wrangler v>'hen 
Todhunter was Senior, and was Fellow and 
Tutor of Gonville and Caius after being at S. 
John's. The Universities' Mission to Central 
Africa had first been formed, and Mackenzie 
consented to be consecrated Bishop. He was 
much associated with Livingstone, and is re- 
membered as one who gave up his life to duty. 

158 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



From King Edward's School, Birmingham, Brooke Foss 
where James Prince Lee was Headmaster, there Westcott 
passed to Cambridge about this time a remark- ^^^^^^^^'J^^^^ 
able trio of men, Westcott, Lightfoot, and 
Benson, one and all destined to hold high 
positions in the Church. Westcott entered at 
Trinity, and became Senior Classic and Fellow. 
The work of his life was done in collaboration 
with a friend: in company with Hort he la- 
boured for more than twenty years at the 
perfecting of the text of the New Testament, 
with results which are widely known. The 
Commentaries he wrote on the Epistles of 
S. John, on the Epistle to the Hebrews and 
on the Gospel of S. John, stand as memorable 
works, and while these books were in prepara- 
tion he was with signal ability holding the 
Regius Chair of Divinity in the University, and 
a canonry at Westminster, where his thoughtful 
sermons made a great impression. Called at 
the age of 65 to succeed his College friend 
Lightfoot in the See of Durham, he threw himself 
heart and soul into the exacting work of the 
Northern Diocese, and deeply impressed the 
mining population. The power he wielded was 
largely increased by his successful treatment of 
the strike trouble. Looked up to as a saint 
by those who were closely connected with him, 
revered as a leader of thought by a wide 
circle of followers, admired as a theologian even 
by German writers, this man of extremely humble 
mind, very unlike the Prince Bishops of ancient 

159 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN 



Fenton John 

Anthony 

Hort 

(1828-1892) 
Trin. 1846. 
Emm. 1871 



James 

Hamblin 

Smith 

(1827-1901) 

Gon. & Caius 

1846. 



days, gained even vsdth all his mysticism a hold 
over the North which lasted until his death. 

In 1846 there passed from Rugby to Trinity 
one whose name was to become widely known 
as a devoted and painstaking critic of the text 
of the Greek Testament, and as a Professor of 
Divinity v/ho, both in the Hulsean and Lady 
Margaret Chair was, together with Westcott and 
Lightfoot, to raise Biblical scholarship in Cam- 
bridge to an extremely high level. Ever paying 
the most scrupulous attention to minute accuracy, 
he not only exercised an important inlluence on the 
rendering of the Revised English Version, but in 
conjunction with his colleague, Westcott, brought 
out an edition of the Greek Testament, which stands 
as a memorial of sustained and laborious worlv, 
and as the embodiment of the views on critical 
questions of men whose opinion will not lightly 
be set aside. In all things that Hort understood — • 
and he understood many — his determination was 
to give of his best, and the memory of his 
usefulness at Ca,mbridge will not soon be 
forgotten. In early life he had been influenced 
by the teaching of Arnold, Tait, Coleridge, 
and Maurice, and during his residence in the 
University was the intimate friend of Paget; 
Stokes, Sedgwick, Bradshaw, Benson, Luard, 
and Clerk Maxwell, among many others. 

Few Cambridge men were more widely known 
in their day than Hamblin Smith. After 
graduating in the Mathematical and also in the 
Classical Tripos, he settled down to the work 

160 



CELEBRATED CiVMBRIDGE MEN. 



of reading with pupils for the ordinary degree 
and of writing useful text-books. During many 
years a large body of men found his training 
of great value. Peculiarly apt in imparting 
knowledge and strong in administrative wisdom, 
he was looked up to by both University and 
Town, and respected alike for his high character 
and his genial good nature. 

The cause of medical science was greatly 
forwarded at the University by Humphry. He 
had been trained at S. Bartholomew's Hospital, 
and was appointed Surgeon at Addenbrooke's 
Hospital. He then entered Downing College, 
and rapidly rose to eminence, becoming Pro- 
fessor of Surgery. The Humphry Museum^ 
recently opened by King Edward, is a worthy 
tribute to the way in which he, in company with 
Paget, advanced the Medical School in Cam- 
bridge. 

The wisdom of appointing a first-rate Pro- 
fessor to a Bishopric is a debatable point, and 
many have never ceased to regret that Light- 
foot's valuable theological writing received a 
check when Lord Beaconsfield made him Bishop 
of the see of Durham. Lightfoot had known 
Benson at school, and on entering Trinity 
under Thompson became a pupil of West- 
cott. He took his degree as Senior Classic 
and 30th , Wrangler, and was Chancellor's 
Medallist. After being Fellow and Tutor, he 
was ordained by Prince Lee, his old Head- 
master, then Bishop of Manchester. For years, 

161 



Sir George 

Murray 

Humphry 

(1820-1896) 

Down. 1847. 



Joseph 

Barber 

Lightfoot 

(1828-1889) 
Trin, 1847. 



CELEBPvATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Lightfoot v/as a power in the University, and 
was Hulsean and then Margaret Professor: his 
lectures, full of vast learning and research 
cleverly presented, attracted crowds: but he 
was no mere bookworm, and he exercised an 
enormous influence on behalf of a genuine and 
manly Christianity. The same thing was true 
of him as Canon of S. Paul's, and in that huge 
Cathedral this able scholar made the faith 
acceptable to London multitudes. During all 
this period his published books were attracting 
great attention, and there was general regret 
when it was knov/n he was about to leave his 
home of so many years. At his farewell serm.on 
on the late evening ot a Lenten Sunda}^ S. 
Mary's was crammed with undergraduates and 
townsfolk. At Durham his writing of necessity 
was curtailed, but the inherent power of the man 
became increasingly evident, and the diocese was 
admirably worked. Simple in tastes, he yet 
revelled in the associations of Auckland Castle, 
His commentaries on the Epistles are standard 
works, and his onslaught on the writer of " Super- 
natural Religion " was generally allowed to be 
a masterly piece of argument. 

Benson was in imany ways one of the 
most striking Primates the Church of England 
ever had. At Cambridge he graduated from 
<1829-1896) xj-inity as 8th Classic and Chancellor's MedalHst, 
and became Fellov/. Wherever he was he 
succeeded. At Wellington College he raised 
the school to a high level: at Lincoln he was 

162 



Edward 
White 
Senson 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

a power in the Cathedral and among the city 
folk: in the See of Truro he brought all his 
great knowledge to bear both on the foundation- 
laying of the Cathedral and on Diocesan works, 
with results which, at Truro, can never be 
forgotten. At Canterbury he also did well: he 
set before him the aim to be a " Bishop of 
England," and left his impress on the Church, 
The case of the Bishop of Lincoln came before 
him: he "tried" the case and duly pub- 
lished his judgment. His conception of the 
Church of England was not that of a State- 
made body dating from the Reformation, but 
the ancient historic Church of this land, purified 
and reformed, it is true, but for all that identical 
with the Church which Augustine founded. The 
Bishop's trial was looked on as a national event, 
and in the Primate's "judgment," masterly 
knowledge of Church history and of cere- 
monial detail were clearly visible. Some 
might cavil at the line the Archbishop took: 
what no one ventured to do, was to gainsay 
his knowledge of the subject. Benson's death 
was tragic — he had been in Ireland^ the guest 
of the Irish Church: he crossed over to stay 
with Gladstone, and, ,on the Sunday after, 
attended Hawarden Church: there, with startling 
suddenness the call came, and his end cast a 
gloom over the land. He was buried v/ith great 
pomp in Canterbury Cathedral, and left the 
Church the poorer by his death. 



103 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Spencer After being connected with Trinity, like his 

Compton, father before him, Cavendish entered the great 

Duke of world of politics, where he was to display that 
Devonshire , i • , i • i 

, . calm and weighty common sense which was 

Trin 1850 characteristic of him. He held various offices 
in the Gladstone ministry, and was chosen in 
1875 ^s Leader of the Liberal Party. Recog- 
nizing in 1880, when he might have been Prime 
Minister, that the nation wanted Gladstone to 
return to power as Premier, he consented to 
serve under his former chief, until his dislike 
of Home Rule for Ireland caused him to resign 
his post. As a Liberal Unionist, he joined Lord 
Salisbury's ministry in 1895, ^^^ from that 
time until the Tariff Reform movement arose, 
he was a member of the Government 
Straight in dealing and direct in speech, he 
was looked on as a reliable statesman. As 
Chancellor of the University from 1892 until 
his death, he gained the appreciation of Cam- 
bridge men. 

Sir Leslie After being at Eton and Trinity Hall, and 

Stephen taking his degree as a Wrangler, Stephen 

^ " ^ became Fellow, and, together with Henry 

Trin. H. 1850. > > b j. 

Latham, Tutor of the College. For athleticism 

he had a high regard: he rowed, and ran, and 
set the example of a strenuous manly life. For 
a time he was in Orders, but finding that he 
could not conscientiously hold all the teach- 
ing of the Church, resigned his Tutorship and 
entered on literary work in London. There 
he was recognised as a power in the world 

164 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

of letters, and was widely known. He was, for 
some years, Editor of " Cornhill," a;nd also of 
*' The Dictionary of National Biography." Many 
*' Lives " came from his pen, among them that 
of Henry Fawcett. He also wrote "The Play- 
ground of Europe," " Essays on Free-Thinking 
and Plain-Speaking," "An Agnostic's Apology." 
He was knighted in 1902. 

Bradshaw who, after being at Eton, became Henry 
Fellow of King's, was in the close friendship of Bradshaw 
Benson, Hort, Luard, Westcott, and George (1831-1886) 
.Williams. Working at the University Library 
he, in time, became Librarian, and his tenure of 
the office merits the highest praise. He rever- 
enced books, and lived with the aim of making 
the study of their history a delight to himself 
and to others. It was not always easy to get 
him to return a book in which he was deeply 
interested, and Dr. George Prothero* has in his 
interesting biography recorded the story of one 
who, anxious to get a small but valuable book 
which he had lent to Bradshaw returned, finding 
appeals to him pi no avail, sent a letter ad- 
dressed to Mr. Bradshaw's " executors," request- 
ing that the book might be returned through 
them. Beloved as a friend and valued as a 
truly delightful companion he, by his zeal for 
his work, put enthusiasm into all with whom 
he came in contact, and by his great knowledge 
on questions affecting books and manuscripts 

* G, W.Prothero, " Memoir of Henry Bradshaw," p. 375. 

165 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



James Clerk 
Maxwell 

(1831-1879) 
Pet. 1850. 

Trin. 1850. 



Frederic 
William 
Farrar 

(1831-1903) 
Trin. 1850. 



was of great use in the literary world: when 
he died the University was conscious that it 
had lost one whose departure was a matter for 
deep regret. A bust of him exists in the Library. 

Clerk Maxwell, who had been trained at the 
University of Edinburgh, entered at Peterhouse 
and then removed to Trinity. Taking his degree 
as 2nd Wrangler and duly elected Fellow, 
he v/as made the first Professor of Experi- 
mental Physics, and had a great deal to do with 
the successful furnishing of the Cavendish 
laboratory. Povv^erful in his reasoning, he made 
many discoveries, and combined with his scientific 
ability an ardent belief in the Christian faitlx 
Brilliant and deeply earnest, and beloved by 
those who knew him for his genuine fun, he 
was called to rest at the age of 48, having given 
promise of still greater achievements had he 
lived. 

Farrar, who is widely remembered as the 
author of the well-known " Life of Christ,'- 
graduated at Trinity as 4th Classic, and became 
Fellow. Both at Marlborough, where he was 
Headmaster, and at Westminster where he was 
Canon, he gave himself up to writing, and many 
works came from his pen, " Eric," " Life of 
S. Paul," " Early Days of Christianity," and 
the popular work, the " Life of Christ," which 
passed through twelve editions in a year — and was 
translated into many languages. He was also 
known as a great and attractive preacher who 
employed in his sermons, as in his writing, some- 

166 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



(1831-1907) 
Pet. 1850. 



what florid language. His detractors sneered 
at his flowery style, but they knew not the real 
man, for in all that Farrar wrote there was also 
to be found deep and competent learning. He 
became in later years Dean of Canterbury, and 
the memory of him abides, and is that of one 
who was kindly, generous and good. 

Born at Quebec, and trained at University Edward John 
College School, Routh entered Peferhouse when Routh 
Thomson was Fellow, and Clerk Maxwell a 
brother undergraduate. Routh became Senior 
Wrangler and Smith's Prizeman in 1854 and 
subsequently Fellow. For 30 years he acted 
as Private Tutor at Cambridg-e for the Mathe- 
matical Tripos : during that period it was re- 
garded as practically certain every year, that 
one of Routh's pupils would be Senior Wrangler, 
and no less than 27 Senior Wranglers were 
trained by him. He published an importanii 
work on Rigid Dynamics. 

" Fly Leaves " and " Verses and Translations " 
are two of the best known works of lighter verse 
left us by that quaint and inconsequent but 
delightful man, Charles Stuart Caiveriey, who, 
after being at Harrow and at Oxford, came 
to Christ's in 1852. He obtained the Craven 
Scholarship and Members' Latin Essay Prize, 
and passed on to a Fellowship. The friend of 
J. R. Seeley and of Walter Besant, he charmed 
everyone by his brilliant flashes of genius, and 
though kept back by ill-health from a career 
in the great world, he nevertheless achieved a 

167 



Charles 

Stuart 

Caiveriey 

(1831-1884) 
Chr. 1852. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

high degree of merit in the difficult art of refined 

parody. 

Henry The life of Henry Falwcett, the blind Post- 

Fawcett master-General, may be described in a sentence. 

(1833-1884) It ^a^s the life Qf ^ man who, having suffered 

et. 85-, ^^ unlooked-for calamity, refused to allow it to 
Trin.H.1853. ., ^. -r^ • t^ . 

spoil his career. Entering at Peterhouse he 

quickly migrated to the Hall and became Fellow 
after graduating as 7th Wrangler. Blinded by a 
gun accident and cheered in terrible depression 
by his teacher Hopkins, he braved the calamity 
and lived as though he saw. His determina- 
tion was heroic, and it meant the continuous 
exercise of an iron resolve. Kind-hearted and 
generous, he was constantly to be met round 
Cambridge, walking, talking vehemently, and 
even skating, despite his blindness. Professor of 
Political Economy, and eventually Member for 
Brighton, he became a valuable servant of the 
State : save for his iniirmity he would have been 
in Gladstone's Cabinet. Throughout he was a 
consistent Radical, and died comparatively 
young. He narrowly missed being raised to the 
Mastership of the Hall. 
SIj. Seeley, the Fellow of Christ's, and later on 

John Eobert of Gonville and Caius, was one of the most 
Seeley thoughtful men of his time, and had the faculty 
(183 -1895) q£ drawing public attention to the matter of his 
Chr. 1852. , , t , , 1 1 r 

- ^ . thoughts. Looked upon as an undergraduate 01 
Gon.<\:3Ca]Us . 

1882 great promise and the friend at Christ's of 
Calverley and Besant, he published anony- 
mously, in early life, '* Ecce Llomo," which was 

168 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



at first indifferently received. Made Professor 
of Modern History in 1869, he drew crowds to 
his lectures, and published his great work, *' The 
Expansion of England." He may be regarded 
as almost the founder of the Imperial idea: and 
his teaching is apparently bearing abundant fruit 

The terror of Fenianism was a very real one 
in the " Eighties," and the name of Lord 
Frederick Cavendish, the Irish Secretary, who 
was murdered in cold blood in Phoenix Park, 
in company with Burke, still vividly recalls those 
anxious times. 

Henry Sidgwick, who came to Trinity from 
Rugby, was Senior Classic, and Fellow, and 
proved to be a man of high attainment in Philo- 
sophy. He was largely influenced by the writ- 
ings of John Stuart Mill, and his " Methods 
of Ethics " was published in 1874, and followed 
by several other treatises. He was appointed to 
the Knightsbridge Professorship of Moral Philo- 
sophy in 1883. He was one of the foremost 
advocates for the higher education of women, 
and had much to do with the successful launch- 
ing of Nevvnham College. 

Henry Campbell-Bannerman was at Trinity^ 
after studying at Glasgow University. Through 
his whole life, a faithful adherent of the Liberal 
party, he was Secretary for War 1 892-1895, and 
in 1905 became Prime Minister. For his con- 
sistent belief in his principles and for his never- 
failing cheerfulness and good nature, men had a 
regard. Ill-health brought about his resignation 
a short time before his death. 

169 



Lord 
Frederick 
Cavendish 

(1836-1882) 
Trin. 1855. 



Henry 

Sidgwick 

(1838-1900) 

Trin. 1855. 



Sir Henry 

Campbell 

Baunerman 

1836-1908) 

Trin. 1855. 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Bennett 

1816-1875) 
Mus. D. 



Sir William Sterndale Bennett, the composer, hailed from 
Sterndale Cambridge : he was baptized at S. Edward's 
and became a choir boy at King's. Probably 
the music in that glorious Chapel produced 
S. John's ^ great effect upon a nature already adapted 
1856. to benefit by careful draining. The pupil, in 
London, of Crotch, and the friend of Mendels- 
sohn, Schumann and Spohr, he early attracted 
notice, and imay be said to have been more 
thoroughly appreciated on the Continent even 
than in England itself. The University raised 
him to the Professorship of Music, and he was 
also Principal of the Royal Academy. His com- 
positions were distinguished by refinement and 
grace. His two chief works, "The May Queen"^ 
and "The Woman of Samaria," attained a 
large amount of popularity. He lies buried in 
Westminster A.bbey. 

Sir Walter Besant, who came to Christ's in 1856, is remem- 

Besant bered as the prolific writer of novels, at first 

(1836-1901) in partnership with Rice, and then under his 

r. 1856. Q^j^ name. Among the chief, some of which 

attained to wide popularity, may be mentioned, 

" Ready Money Mortiboy," " This Son of Vul' 

can," " The Golden Butterfly," " Children of 

Gibeon," " Monks of Thelema," and " All Sorts 

and Conditions of Men." In his later years he 

took to writing popular but extremely valuable 

antiquarian accounts of the Metropolis, and thus 

did great service to all who are interested in old 

London. 

170 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Coming with a great name from Charterhouse sir Eichard 
to Trinity when Lightfoot was Tutor, and obtain- Claverhouae 
ing both the Porson, and also the Craven ^^^^^ 
scholarship, Jebb graduated as Senior Classic, (1841-1905) 
and was, in due course, made Fellow and Tutor 
of his College. As Public Orator his speeches 
were regarded with favour. For a time he 
held the Greek Chair at Glasgov/, and then 
returned to be Regius Professor of Greek at 
Cambridge. Among his friends were Fawcett, 
Sidgwick, G. O. Trevelyan, and Bradshaw. As 
Member for the University, his gifts were 
of service : and on the subject of education 
his refined oratory was readily listened to. 
Knighted in 1900, and chosen for the Order of 
Merit, he left his " Sophocles " as a monument 
of his scholarship. 

Few men have led a more romantic life than Edward 
Palmer, and yet have deserved so well of their Henry Palmer 
country. His name recalls the Egyptian (1840-1882) 
troubles of the '' Eighties." Born at Cam- ^- J°^"'^ 
bridge, he early in life shewed an aptitude for 
languages, and was fluent in Romany. To 
him proficiency in Eastern tongues was mere 
child's play, and in time his remarkable talents 
became known. S. John's gave him a home and 
made him Fellow in 1867. For a time he was 
in residence: but not infrequently undertook 
journeys to distant parts: for instance, when he 
walked the whole way from Sinai to Jerusalem, 
to name and make sure of the sites of historical 
places. He becam^e Lord Almoner's reader of 

171 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Arabic in the University, and proved himself an 
intensely useful man. Gladstone selected him 
for the important State mission of winning over 
the Sheykhs to the side of the Egyptian Govern- 
ment against the insurgent Arabi. Palmer was 
remarkably fitted for such work, as his mastery 
of Arabic was only equalled by his wonderful 
faculty of assuming not merely the garments, 
but the very appearance and manner of the 
Arab. Moreover he was intimately acquainted 
with the mental habit of the cunning and 
suspicious men with whom he had to deal. His 
purpose was to prevent the Suez Canal from 
being injured. Some trouble arose as to the 
money to be paid. Palmer had Charrington and 
Gill with him: all three were treacherously mur- 
dered, and the whole nation was deeply grieved, 
The remains were brought home and solemnly 
deposited in S. Paul's Cathedral. A painting of 
Palmer in Eastern robes is a striking object in 
the College hall. 
SirsFrank Frank Lockwood, the Yorkshireman, one of 
Lookwood those delightful persons who are universally 
(1846-1897) beloved, entered at Gonville and Caius. Through 
on. ams ^^f^ ]^q never ran quite in the ordinary groove, 
1865. J /-- 1 • 1 

and at Cambnage was too erratic to gam 

the full approval of the authorities: he took 
the ordinary degree and then passed to a 
notable public career as a most successful bar- 
rister, as Member of Parliament for York, and 
finally as Solicitor-General. Highly entertaining 
in private life, an admirable artist, and one of 

172 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN, 



the most attractive and versatile of men, he 
was greatly admired in life and deeply regretted 
in death. 

The name of Charles Stewart Parnell loomed 
large on the political stage from 1 870-1 891. Born 
at Avondale, he came to Magdalene to complete 
his education, but at no time seems to have cared 
for the Cambridge life, and he took no degree. 
Then he gradually developed into the autocratic 
leader of the Irish Party, "the uncrowned 
king," as he was called, who won Gladstone 
over to the idea of Home Rule for Ireland. 
Reserved and determined, he proved himself- 
to possess wonderful power and, for a time, it 
seemed he would win his way. In rapid succes- 
sion came the Parnell Commission — the Pigott 
episode, the final breakdown of the cause, and 
the bitter bickerings of his divided followers. 
Worried into his grave this strange, mysterious 
patriot passed away, still loved by some and 
feared by others, and was buried in Glasnevin 
Cemetery, near to the resting place of Daniel 
O'Connell. 

After being at Eton and Trinity, Maitland 
took his degree in the Law Tripos. Some 
years later, he was appointed Downing Pro- 
fessor of the Laws of England. The work he 
did at Cambridge in legal and historical research 
was very important. Bygone times seemed 
under his investigation to come more clearly 
into view: he threw light on the real motives 
which underlay ancient documents, and made 

173 



Charles 
Stewart 
Parnell 

(1846-1891) 
Magd. 1865. 



Frederic 

William 

Maitland 

(1850-1906) 

Trin. 1869. 

Down. 188S 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Francis 

Maitland 

Balfour 

(1851-1882) 
Trin. 1870. 



James 

Kenneth 

Stephen 

(1859-1892) 

King's 1878. 



Sir Michael 

Foster 
(183C-1907) 
Trin. 1883. 



the Law an interesting and engrossing study. 
He published many writings, among which may 
be mentioned " Doomsday Book and Beyond " 
and " Borough and Township " : he also wrote 
the life of Leslie Stephen. A clever speaker, 
with an original way of looking at things, he 
gathered round him a large circle of friends. 
His death at a comparatively early age 
occasioned widespread regret. 

Francis Balfour, the clever brother of Arthur 
James Balfour, gave intimation of his power 
by his work on Embryology and Anim.al 
Morphology, and was Fellow of Trinity, after 
being at Harrow. His friends, who valued his 
charming personahty, were saddened by his 
untoward death in the Alps. 

Few men have been more regretted in their 
early death than Stephen, better known to Cam- 
bridge men as J.K.S. Scholar at Eton and at 
King's, and Whewell Scholar in the University, 
he became Fellow, and was, for a time. Tutor 
to the Duke of Clarence. President of the Union 
Society, and a brilliant speaker and accomplished 
orator, he seemed to have a great future before 
him. His " Lapsus Calami " and other verses are 
exemplifications of the rare combination of 
original wit vmh almost perfect technical facility. 

Though not originally a Cambridge man, for 
it was with London University that he was con- 
nected, Michael Foster, on account of his scien- 
tific attainments, was requested to undertake 
work in Trinity College, and in 1853 was elected 

174 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

Professor of Physiology in the University. Bio- 
logical research at Cambridge made great ad- 
vance^ owing to his keen and unflagging enthusi- 
asm, and in England, as well as on the Continent, 
he was regarded as a most inspiring teacher^ 
He rendered jimportant service to the Royal 
Society, and from 1900 — 1905 was Member of 
Parliament for London University. Llis Text 
Book of Physiology passed through many editions. 

We fxnish these notices with the names of Mandell 
two men, Creighton and Acton, neither of whom Creighton 
can in the full sense be called a Cambridge man, (1843-1901) 
and yet to both of them the University is greatly ^^' 
indebted. Creighton, who took his degree from 
Merton College, Oxford, must, notwithstanding, 
be ranked among the " worthies " of Cambridge, 
owing to his acceptance in 1884 of the Dixie 
Professorship of Ecclesiastical History, and of 
a Fellowship at Emmanuel at the same time. 
His fame as a writer of history was already 
great: his lectures were a decided success, and 
with full zest he threw himself into the life of 
the College and of the University. His "His- 
tory of the Papacy " was then in the making, 
and proved to be a really great work : calmly 
and dispassionately he told the story, and from' 
the facts collected, the reader was left to draw 
conclusions. His power of portraying character 
was very marked, and his " Life of Elizabeth " 
was most able. His devotion to study was, how- 
ever, to receive a check, and within six years 
he was called to be Bishop of Peterborough, 

175 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

His work there caused his promotion to London. 
Practical, and basing* all his action on shrewd 
commonsense, he taught people the proportion of 
things : splendid in conversation and social to a 
degree, he carried out his episcopal duties with 
great earnestness. Men grew to feel his power, 
and looked forward to his wise and skilful guid- 
ance in the troubles that seemed to be looming in 
the near future: and ever since the time when 
at a comparatively early age he passed away, 
the Church has felt that by his death she was 
deprived of one of her most able leaders and 
wisest guides. He was buried in the crypt of 
S. Paul's Cathedral, and a striking statue of 
him has recently been placed in the south choir 
aisle. Above it are inscribed the words which he 
himself valued as really descriptive of his work, 
"He tried to write true history." 
John Emerich It had been Acton's wish in early years to 
Edward come to Cambridge. At that period, it was 

. well-nisrh impossible for a Roman Catholic to 

Acton & t^ 

C1834-1902) ^n^ter as an undergraduate. Later in life he 
Trin. 1895. was to come as Regius Professor of History, 
and highly valuable was the work that Acton 
did in that character. Abroad he was recognised 
as a brilliant historian, and his opposition to ultra- 
montanism was known to all men. He left little 
writing behind, but his strength lay in the calm 
wisdom with which he viewed matters, and in 
the knowledge of facts he had acquired from 
wide reading. He was looked up to as one 
who was a real authority, and the charm of his 

176 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 

manner brought him many friends. He was 
intimate with DoUinger, Ranke, Hefele, Dupan- 
loupk, Wiseman, Gladstone, and Henry Maine: 
and to historical study at Cambridge he gave 
great impetus. He had acquired an enormous 
library of modern historical works, both secular 
and ecclesiastical. From him it passed into the 
possession of Andrew Carnegie, the well-known 
benefactor: Carnegie gave it to John Morley, 
who generously bestowed it upon Cambridge. 
The housing of it in the buildings adjacent to 
the University Library has been an event of 
interest to all Cambridge men, and the name of 
Acton will be honoured by generations yet 
unborn. 



177 



THEIR BODIES ARE BURIED IN PEACE : BUT 
THEIR NAME LIVETH FOR EVERMORE." 



Celebrated Cambridge Men. 



List of Names in Chronological Order. 



William Lyndewode 

Robert Wodelarke 

Thomas Rotherham 

John Alcock 

Nicholas West 

Sir Robert Rede ... 

John Fisher ... 

Cuthbert Tunstall 
. Stephen Gardiner 

Sir William Butts 
^Thomas Cranmer 

Thomas, Lord Audley 
-Richard Croke 

Hugh Ashton 

Thomas Goodrich 

-Hugh Latimer 

Thomas Bilney 
-Desiderius Erasmus 
-Miles Coverdale 
-Sir Thomas Wyatt 

John Leland ... 
f Nicholas Ridley ... 

John Redman ... 

Robert Pember 

Matthew Parker 

Sir Nicholas Bacon 

John Rogers ... 

Richard Taverner 



Gonville Hall, c. 

King's, 

King's, 1444, Pembroke, 

c. 

King's, 

... Magdalene c. 

Michael House, c. 

... King's Hall (Trinity), c. 

Trinity Hall, c. 

Gonville Hall, c. 

Jesus, 

... Magdalene c. 

King's, 

... S. John's, c. 

Corpus Christi, c. 1510, Jesus, 

Clare, c. 

Trinity Hall, c. 

Queens', c. 

c. 

... S. John's, c. 

Christ's, c. 

Pembroke, c. 

S. John's, c. 

S. John's, c. 

Corpus Christi, 

Corpus Christi, 

Pembroke, c. 

Corpus Christi, c. 

179 



390 

441 
480 
448 
477 
477 
480 

494 
502 

503 

503 

505 
506 

508 

510 

510 

512 

512 

514 

518 

521 
522 
522 

523 
523 
523 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



- Sir John Cheke 

Sir Thomas Smith... 

John Caius 
^roger ascham 

John Ponet 
--Thomas Watson 

Sir Thomas Gresham 
'Edmund Grindal ... 



S. John's, c. 1526, King's, 

Queens', 

Gonville Hall, 

S. John's, 

...Queens' c. 

S. John's, c. 

Gonville and Caius, c 

Pembroke, 



Edwin Sandys S. John's, c. 1535, S. Catharine's, 

•'William Cecil, Lord Burghley ... S. John's, 

Andrew Perne S. John's, c. 1536, Peterhouse, 

Sir Walter Mildmay ... ... Christ's, c. 

John Dee... ... ... .... S. John's, 

Thomas Tusser ... King's, 1543, Trinity Hall, 

John Bradford S. Catharine's, 1548, Pembroke, 

Sir Francis Walsingham ... ... King's, 

Martin Bucer 



Thomas Cartwright 
John Whitgift 
William Chaderton 
Richard Bancroft... 
Laurence Chaderton 



S. John's, 

Pembroke, 1550, Trinity, 

Pembroke, 1553, Queens', 

Christ's, c. 

Christ's, 1564, Emmanuel, 



Thomas Nevile Pembroke, c. 1564, Magdalene, 1582, 

Trinit}^, 



William Whitaker 
Stephen Perse 
William Morgan ... 
Sir Edward Coke 
'Edmund Spenser 
Robert Browne 
John Smith 

Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam... 

180 



Trinity, 1564, S. John's, 

Gonville and Caius, 

S. John's, 

Trinity, 

Pembroke, 

Corpus Christi, 

Christ's, 

... Trinity, 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Lancelot Andrewes ... ... Pembroke, c. 1573 

Sir William Temple ... ... ... King's, 1573 

^Robert Greene ... ... ... S. John's, 1575 

John Overall... S. John's, 1575, S. Catharine's, 1598 

-Henry Constable ... ... S. John's, c. 1578 

William Lee ... ... Christ's, 1579, S.John's, 1580 

Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex ... Trinity, 1579 

.Christopher Marlowe ... Corpus Christi, 1580 

John Penry 

Sir Henry Spelman 

Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury 



Peterhouse, 1580 

Trinity, 1580 

... S. John's, 1 58 1 

S.John's, 1582 

...S. John's, 1582 

Corpus Christi, 1583 

Trinity, 1587 

Christ's, c. 158S, Sidney Sussex, 1599 

Emmanuel, 1589 
... S. John's, c. 1590 
Corpus Christi, c. 1591 
Queens', c. 1592 
...Gonville and Caius, 1593 
K^-ng's, 1594 
...S. John's, 1598 
Pembroke, 1601, Peterhouse, 1625 
William Bealf Trinity, 1605, Jesus, 1611, S. John's, 1633 
Nicholas Ferrar ... ... ... Clare, 1606 

John Cosin ...Gonville and Caius, 1608, Peterhouse, 1634 
Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford S. John's, c. 1608 
George Herbert ... ... ... Trinity, 1609 

Richard Sterne Trinity, 161 1, Corpus Christi, 1620, 

Jesus, 1633 
Robert Herrick ... S. John's, 1613, Trinity Hall, 16 16 

181 



Thomas Morton 
rTnoMAS Nash ... 

Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork 
...John Donne 

Samuel Ward... 
, Joseph Hall ... 
-Benjamin Jonson 
" John Fletcher 

John Davenant 
-^William Harvey 

Richard Montagu 

John Williams 

Matthew Wren 



CELEBRATED 


CAMBRIDGE MEN. 




Oliver Cromwell 


Sidney Sussex, 


1616 


Francis Glisson 


Gonville and Caius, 


1617 


John Lightfoot Christ's, 1617, S. Catharine's, 


1650 


Edmund Waller 


King's, 


1620 


Thomas Fuller 


Queen's, 


1621 1 


Thomas Randolph 


Trinity, 


1624 


John Milton ... 


... Christ's, 


1625 


Thomas, Lord Fairfax... 


...S. John's, 


1626 


Benjamin Whichcote ... 


Emmanuel, 1626, King's, 


1644 


John Harvard 


Emmanuel, 


1627 


Jeremy Taylor 


...Gonville and Caius, 


1628 


Peter Gunning Clare, c. 


1629, Corpus Christi, 1660, 






S. John's 


1661 


Richard Crashaw 


Pembroke, 


1631 


Henry More 


Christ's, 


1631 


John Pearson ...Queens', i 


[631, King's, 1632, Jesus, i6t 


io, - 1 




Trinity, 


1662 


Ralph Cudworth Emmanuel, 1632, Clare, 1645, Christ's, 


1654 1 


Jeremiah Horrocks 


Emmanuel, 


1632 


John Wallis 


Emmanuel, 


1632 


Seth Ward 


Sidney Sussex, 


1632 


Nathanael Culverwell 


Emmanuel, 


1633 


Andrew Marvell 


Trinity, 


1633 


William Sancroft 


Emmanuel, 


1633 


John Hutchinson ... 

^j • • • 


... Peterhouse, c. 


1635 


John Smith 


Emmanuel, 1636, Queens', 


1644 


Abraham Cowley 


Trinity, 


1637 


Thomas Wharton ... 


Pembroke, 


1638 


Sir Francis Pemberton 


Emmanuel, 


1640 


Isaac Barrow 


Trinity, 


1643 


John Ray ... S. 


Catharine's, 1644, Trinity, 


1646 


Sir William Temple 


Emmanuel, 


1644 



182 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



John Peachell ... ... Magdalene, i 


645 


John Spencer ... ... Corpus Christi, i 


645 


John Tillotson ... ... ... Clare, i 


647 


Edward Stillingfleet ... ... S. John's, i 


649 


John Dryden ... ... ... ... Trinity, i 


650 


Samuel Pepys ... Trinity Hall, 1650, Magdalene, i 


652 


William Beveridge ... ... ... S. John's, i 


653 


Thomas Tenison ... ... Corpus Christi, ] 


[653 


Francis Willughby ... ... ... Trinity, i 


653 


Thomas Shadwell ... Gonville and Caius, i 


[656 


Joshua Basset Gonville and Caius, 1657, Sidney Sussex, i 


[686 


Sir Isaac Newton... ... ... Trinity, i 


[661 


John Strype ... ...Jesus, 1662, S. Catharine's ] 


i66^ 


Jeremy Collier ... ... Gonville and Caius, ] 


[669 


Thomas Baker ... ... ... S. John's, ] 


[672 


Richard Bentley ... S. John's, 1676, Trinity, i 


[700 


Henry Wharton ... ...Gonville and Caius, 


[679 


Matthew Prior ... ... ... S. John's, c. i 


[682 


William Whiston ... ... ... Clare, ^ 


[686 


Samuel Clarke ... ... Gonville and Caius, 


[691 


Benjamin Hoadly ... ... S. Catharine's, i 


[691 


Thomas Sherlock ... ... ... S. Catharine's ] 


[693 


Sir Robert Walpole ... ... ... King's 


[696 


John Addenbrooke... ... ... S. Catharine's 


1698 


Roger Cotes ... ... ... ... Trinity, 


1699 


Daniel Waterland ... ... Magdalene, 


1699 


Conyers Middleton ... ... ... Trinity, 


1700 


William Law ... ... ... Emmanuel, 


1705 


John Byrom ... ... ... ... Trinity, 


1708 


Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of 




Chesterfield... ... ... Trinity Hall, 


1712 


William Heberden ... ... S. John's, 


1724 



183 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Charles Pratt, Earl Camden ... King's, 

William Cole ... ... ...Clare, 1733, King's, 

Lawrence Sterne ... ... ... Jesus, 

Thomas Gray ... ...Peterhouse, 1734, Pembroke, 

Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford... King's 



Henry Venn 

William Mason 

Henry Cavendish, Hon. 

Richard Gough 

William Paley 

Rowland Hill 

Samuel Parr 

Isaac Milner ... 

William Pitt 

Herbert Marsh 

William Wilberforce 

Richard Porson 

Charles Simeon 

Thomas Clarkson 

Charles, 2nd Earl Grey 

William Hyde Wollaston 

Thomas Robert Malthus 

Edward Daniel Clarke 

William Wordsworth 

John Hookham Frkre... 

Samuel Taylor Coleridge ... 

Henry Martyn 

Thomas Young 

Henry John Temple, Viscount 

Palmerston ... 
Adam Sedgwick 



S. John's, 

... S.John's 

Peterhouse, 

Corpus Christi, 

Christ's, 

...S. John's, 

Emmanuel, 

... Queens', 

Pembroke, 

...S. John's, 

S. John's, 

Trinity, 

King's, 

S. John's, c. 

King's, c. 

...Gonville and Caius, 

Jesus, 

Jesus, 

S. John's, 

Gonville and Caius, c. 

Jesus, 

... S. John's, 

Emmanuel, 



S. John's, 
Trinity, 



184 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Stratford Canning, Viscount Stratford 

DE Redcliffe ... ... ... King's, 1805 

Henry Kirke White ... ... S. John's, 1805 

George Gordon, Lord Byron ... ... Trinity, 1805 

Sir John Fred. William Herschel... S.John's, 1809 

Julius Charles Hare ... ... Trinity, 18 12 

William Whewell ... ... ... Trinitv. 1812 

Hugh James Rose ... ... Trinity, 18 13 

Connop Thirlwall ... ... ... Trinity, 18 14 

John Stevens Henslow ... ... S. John's, 18 14 

Henry Melvill ... S. John's, 181 7, Peterhouse, 1820 
Thomas Babington, Lord Macaulay Trinity, 18 18 

Sir George Biddell Airy ... ... Trinity, 18 19 

James Ckallis ... ... ... Trinity, 1821 

Sir Alexander Cockburn ... Trinity Kail, 1822 

Edward Bulwer, Lord Lytton ...Trinity, 1822, 

Trinit}^ Hall, 1822 
Robert Willis ... ... Gonville and Caius, 1822 

Fred. Denison Maurice Trinity, 1823, Trinity Hall, 1825 
John Sterling ... Trinity, 1824, Trinity Hall, 1825 

Richard Chenevix Trench ... ... Trinit}^ 1825 

Edward Fitzgerald ... ... Trinity, 1826 

Christopher Wordsworth ... ... Trinity, 1826 

Richard Monckton Milnes, Lord Houghton Trinity, 1827 
James Spedding ... ... ... Ti-inity, 1827 

George Augustus Selwyn ... ...S. John's, 1827 

Charles Robert Darwin ... ... Christ's, 1828 

Alexander William Kinglake ... ... Trinity, 1828 

Alfred, Lord Tennyson ... ... Trinitj^, 1828 

Henry Alford ... ... ... Trinity, 1829 

William Makepeace Thackeray ... Trinity, 1829 

John William Colenso ... ... S. John's, 1832 

185 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Charles John Vaughan ... ... Trinity, 

Thomas Attwood Walmisley Jesus, 1835, Trinity, 
Harvey Goodwin ... ... Gonville and Caius, 

John Mason Neale ... Trinity, 1836, Downing, 
Robert Leslie Ellis ... ... Trinity, 

Sir George Gabriel Stokes ... ...Pembroke, 

Alexander James Beresford Hope ... Trinity, 

Arthur Cayley ... ... ... Trinity, 

Charles Kingsley ... ... ...Magdalene, 

John Couch Adams ... ... S. John's, 

Sir Henry Sumner Maine ... Pembroke, 1840, 

Trinity Hall, 
William Thomson, Lord Kelvin Peterhouse, 

Henry Latham ... Trinit}^, 1841, Trinity Hall, 
Charles Frederick Mackenzie S. John's, 1844, 

Gonville and Caius, 
Brooke Foss Westcott ... ... Trinity, 

Fenton John Anthony Hort Trinity, 1846, Emmanuel, 
James Hamblin Smith ... Gonville and Caius, 

Sir George Murray Humphry ... ... Downing, 

Joseph Barber Lightfoot ... ... Trinity, 

Edward White Benson ... ... Trinity, 

Spencer Compton, Duke of Devonshire Trinity, 

Sir Leslie Stephen ... ... Trinity Hall, 

Henry Bradskaw ... ... ... King's, 

James Clerk Maxwell Peterhouse, 1850, Trinity, 
Frederic William Farrar ... Trinity, 

Edward John Routh ... ... Peterhouse, 

Charles Stuart Calverley ... Christ's, 

Henry Fawcett ... Peterhouse, 1852, Trinity Hall, 
Sir John Robert Seeley ... Christ's, 1852, 

Gonville and Cains, i 
186 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Lord Frederick Cavendish 

Henry Sidgwick ... 

Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman 

Sir William Sterndale Bennett 

Sir Walter Besant 

Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb 

Edward Henry Palmer 

Sir Frank Lockwood 

Charles Stewart Parnell 



Trinity, 

Trinit3% 

Trinity, 

...S. John's, 

... Christ's, 

Trinity, 

...S. John's, 

Gonville and Caius, 

Magdalene, 



Frederic William Maitland Trinity, 1869, Downing, 
Francis Maitland Balfour... ... ... Trinity, 

James Kenneth Stephen ... ... King's, 

Sir Michael Foster ... ... ... Trinity, 

Mandell Creighton ... ... Emmanuel, 

John Emerich Edward, Lord Acton ... Trinity, 



1855 

1855 

1855 
1856 

1856 

1858 

1863 

1865 

1865 

1888 

1870 

1878 

1883 

1884 

1895 



187 



Celebrated Cambridge Men. 



ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 



Abbey, Westminster, see West- 

rninster A. 
Abbot, 53. 

Abolition of Tests, 137. 
" Absolom and Achitophel,** 

93- 
Absolom, Play of, 31. 
Acoustics (see Stokes), 153. 
Acton, Lord, 176. 
Adams, J. C, 156, 140. 
Addenbrooke's Hospital, 106. 
Addenbrooke, J., 106. 
Advertisements, The 25 
*' Agnostic's Apologyi" 165. 
" Aids to Reflection," 
Airy, Sir G. B., 139, 140, 156, 

156. 
Alabama Claims, 140. 
Alcock, Chapel, 6. 
Alcock, John, 6, 35. 
Alexandria, 130. 
Alford, H., 147, 143. 
All Saints' Cross, 133. 
" All Sorts and Conditions of 

Men," 170. 
All Saints, Margaret Street, 

154- 
All Souls College, 78. 
Allegorical Interpretation of 

Scripture, 120. 
•* Alton Locke," ISS- 
Ambassador (see S. Canning), 

132. 
America, 128, 77. 
Anatomists, Glisson, 72 ; 

Wharton, 87. 
** Ancient Mariner," 128. 
Andrewes, L., 48, 41, 44, 54j 

56, 60, 62, 66, 67, 69, 92. 
" Anecdotes of Painting," 114. 
" Anglia Sacra," loi. 
Anglican Principles, 92. 



Animal Life (see Willughby), 

.95- 
Animal Morphology, 174, 

" Annals of Reformation," 

Anne of Cleves, 14. 

Anne, Q., 95, lor, 108. 

"Answer," Whitgift's, 40. 

Anthems, 150. 

Antiquaries — 

Leland, 21; Spelman, 53; 

Spencer, 91 ; Strype, 98. 

Baker, 99 ; Wharton, lor ; 

Cole, no; Gough, 115. 
Antiquary, King's, 21. 
Anti- Romans, 61. 
Antwerp, 32. 

" Apologia Catholica," 54, 
" Apostles, Cambridge," 143. 

144, 146. 
Apostolic Canons, 94. 
"Appello Caesarem," 61. 
Arabi (see Palmer), 172. 
Arabia, 129. 
Arabic, 172. 
Arabs, 172. 

Aragon, Catharine of, 13, 14. 
Archb. Cant. 11, Parker, 24; 

Grindal, 33 ; Whitgift, 40 , 

Bancroft, 41 ; Sancrolt, 

85; Tillotson, 92; Be\e 

ridge, 95 ; Benson, 162. 
Archb. York, Grindal, 33; 

Sandys, 33, 34; Sterne, 

-7 1 ; Williams, 62. 
Archb. Dublin, Trench, 142. 
Archbishops, Cant., Lives of, 

98. 
Archdeacon, 117, 136. 
Architecture, 136, 141, 151- 
Arian Views, 102, 103, 104. 
Aristophanes (see Frere), 128. 
Aristotle, 49. 



189 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Armada, 40. 
Arnold, T., 155, 160. 
"Articles, 39," 25. 
Ascham, Roger, 30, 12, 24, 28, 

37- 
Ashdon (village), 24. 

Ashton, Hugh, 16. 

Astronomer, Royal, 140. 

Astronomers, Horrocks, 83 ; 
Wallis, 83; Ward, 84; 
Newton, 96 ; Cotes, 106 ; 
Herschel, 135; Airy, 140; 
Challis, 140 ; Adams, 156. 

** Astronomy," 137. 

Athanasian Creed, 107. 

Athletics, 164. 

Attorney General, 43 ; Bacon, 
46; Camden, no. 

Auckland Castle, 162. 

Audley, Thomas, Lord, 15. 

" Augmentis, De," 47. 

Augustine, S., 163. 

Augustine's, S., College, Can- 
terbury, 154. 

Augustinians, i, 21. 

Austerlitz, 120. 

Austin, C, 139. 

Avignon Cathedral, 4. 

Avondale, 173. 

Bach, 150. 

Bacon, F., 46, 43, 48, 49, 51, 
52, 54, 56, 58, 69, 79, 144. 

153- 
Bacon, Sir Nicholas, 27, 31. 

Baker, T., 99. 

Balfour, Arthur James, 174. 

Balfour, F. M., 174. 

Ball, Sir R., 135. 

Balsham, Hugh, 2. 

Bancroft, R., 41, 42, 54, 62. 

Bangorian Controversy, 104, 

105, 108. 
Bannerman, Sir H. Campbell, 

169. 
Baptists, 45 : Smith, 45. 



Barlow, Bp., 25. 

Barnwell Priory, i. 

Barrow, L, 88, 76, 84, 90. 

Basset, J., 96. 

Bateman, William, 3, 35. 

Battles, Marston Moor, 76 ; 
Naseby, 76 ; Trafalgar, 
120. 

Bayswater Cemetery, 112. 

Beaconsfield, Lord, 161. 

Beagle, H.M.S., 145. 

Beale, W., 63. 

Beaumont, 44, 58, 59. 

" Becket," 146. 

Bedells, Esquire, 28. 

Behmen, J., 109, 129. 

** Being and Attributes of 
God," 103. 

Bellarmine, 42. 

Bemerton, 70. 

Beriedictine Monk, 88. 

Bennett, Sir W. Sterndale, 170. 

Benson, E. W., 162, 159, 160, 

Bentley, R., 100, 92, 97, 102, 
1035 10S5 106, 107, 109. 

Beresford Hope, A. J., 154, 
152. 

Berkeley, 103. 

Besant, Sir Walter, 170, 167, 
168. 

Beverley School, 6, 8. 
,, Minster, 6. 
„ Town 6, 7. 

Beveridge, W., 94. 

Bible, 21, 27, 28, 43, 48. 

Biblical Criticism, 148. 

Biblical Students and Critics — 
Gardiner, 11; Cranmer, 13; 
Coverdale, 21 ; Ridley, 
23 ; Parker, 25 ; Taverocr, 
28 ; Rogers, 27 ; Morgan, 
43 ; Bucer, 38 ; Cart- 
wright, 39 ; Chaderton, 
41 ; Erasmus, 19 ; Whita- 
ker, 42 ; Lightfoot, 72 ; 



190 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Spencer, 91 ; Beveridge, 
94 ; Bentley, 100 ; Marsh, 
120; Wordsworth, 143; 
Alford, 147 ; Vaughan, 
149; Westcott, 159; Hort, 
160 ; Waterland, 107 ; 
Lightfoot, 161 ; Davenant, 
60. 
Bilney, Th., 19. 
Biological Research, 175. 
*• Bishops' Bible," 10, 26. 
♦'Bishops' Book," 17. 
Bishopsgate, S. Helen's, 32. 
Bishops of — 

Bangor, Hoadly, 104 ; Sher- 
lock, 105. 

Bath andWells, 94 ; Barlow, 25. 

Bedford, Hodgkins, 25. 

Carlisle, 117; Sterne, 71; 
Goodwin, 150. 

Chester, Chaderton, 41 ; 
Morton, 54; Pearson, 82. 

Chichester, Scory, 25 ; An- 
drewes, 48 ; Montagu, 61 ; 
Gunning, 80. 

Down and Connor, 78. 

Durham, 55 ; Morton, 25, 
54 ; Tunstall, 10 ; Cosiiij 
67; Westcott, 159; Light- 
foot, 161. 

Ely, 2 ; Balsham> 2 ; Alcock, 
6; West, 7; Goodrich, 17; 
Andrewes, 48 ; Wren, 62 ; 
Gunning, 79. 

Exeter, Coverdale, 21, 24; 
Hall, 57; Ward, 84. 

Hereford, Wren^ 62. 

Lichfield, Morton, 54 ; Sel- 
wyn, 144. 

Lincoln, Rotherham, 5 ; 
Watson, 31 ; Chadertoc. 
41 ; Williams, 62 ; Beve- 
ridge, 95 ; Wordsworth. 

143- 



Llandaff, Morgan, 43 ; 

Marsh, 121. 
London, Tunstall, 10; Grin- 
ley, 33 ; Sandys, 33 ; Ban- 
croft, 41 ; Sherlock, 105 ; 
Creighton, 175. 
Manchester, 161. 
Natal, 148. 

New Zealand, Selwyn, 144. 

Norwich, Bateman, 3 ; 

Overall, 50; Hall, 57; 

Montagu, 61 ; Wren, 62. 

Peterborough, Marsh, 121 ; 

Creighton, 175. 
Rochester, Rotherham, 5 ; 
Alcock, 7 ; Fisher, S : 
Ridley, 22 ; Ponet, 31 ;. 
S. Asaph, Morgan, 43 : 

Beveridge, 94. 
S. David's, Lyndewode, 5 ; 

Thirl wall, 138. 
Salisbury, Davenant, 60, 7c. 
73 ; Ward, 84 ; Sherlock, 
105. 
Truro, 163 ; Benson, 163. 
Winchester, Gardiner, 11 : 
Ponet, 31 ; Andrewes, 4S. 
Worcester, Alcock, 6; Lati- 
mer, 17; Sandys, 35 j 
Whitgift, 40; Stillingfleet, 
92. 
Black Death, 3. 
Black Friars, 35. 
Blessed Sacrament, 10, 63, 65. 
Blindness, 168. 
Blomfield, Bp., 132. 
Boleyn, Anne, 13, 16, 21. 
Bonner, 22, 23, 37. 
Book of Common Prayer, 67, 

80, 121. 
" Borough and Township,'* 

174. 
Botanists, Ray, 90; Henslov/, 

138. 
Boyle, R., 55. 



191 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Bradford, J., 37, 12, 23, 28, 

33> 38, 40- 
Bradshaw, H., 165, 160, 171. 
Braintreej 90. 
Bramhall, Abp., 25. 
" Bride of Abydos," 134. 
Brighton, 168. 
Bristol College, 153. 
British and Foreign Bible 

Society, 118, 120. 
British Museum, 37, 65, 99, 

HI. 

" British Typography," 115. 
Broad Windsor, 73. 
Brooks, Phillips, 77. 
Browne, R., 45. 
Brownists, 45. 
Browning, R., 146. 
Bucer, M., 38, 24, 33, 35. 
Buller, C, 143. 
Bulwer, Lytton, E., 140. 
Burghley, 34, 24, 26, 27, 28, 
30, 32, 38, 39> 43^ 46, 5^» 

53- 
Burke, 169. 

Burnet, Bp., 92, 97, 99. 
Busby, 92, I02. 
Busts, 95, 166. 
Butler, Alban, iii. 
Butler, Bishop, 103, 109. 
Butts, Sir W., 12. 
Byrom, J., 109, 129. 
Byron, Lord, 134, 129. 

Cadiz, 51. 

Caius, J., 29, 2, 6, 31. 

Calcutta, 130. 

Calendar, Julian, 36. 

" Calender, Shepheards," 44. 

Calverley, C. S., 167, 168. 

Calvinism, 40, 52, 60, 83, 120. 

Calvinists, Penry, 52 ; Cart- 
wright, 39. 

Cam, The, 124, 134. 

Cambridge, 26, 34, 35, 37, 
44, 78, 85, 95, III, 112, 



ii3> ii7> "9. 122, 123, 
126, 137, 158, 160. 168, 
171, 172, 173, 173, 175. 
Cambridge — 

Augustinians, i. 

Black Friars, 35. 

Barnwell Priory, i. 

Carmelites, i. 

Dominicans, i, 35. 

Franciscians, i. 

Hospital 01 S. John, i, 2, 8. 

Nunnery of S. Rhadegund, 1. 
Cambridge (America), 77. 
Cambridge "Apostles," 143, 

144, 146. 
(^amb. Churches — 

All Saints', 133. 

H. Sepulchre, 151. 

H. Trinit}?-, 123, 129. 

S. Andrew's, 82, 95. 

S. Benet's, i, 73. 

S. Botolph's, 118. 

S. Clement's, 42, no, tit. 

S. Edward's, 17, 141, 150, 
170. 

S. Giles', I. 

S. Mary Great, 6, 39, 162, 

S. Mary Less, 80, 138, 138. 
Camden, 22. 

" Camden's Britannia,'* 115. 
Camden, Earl, no. 
Camden Society, Camb., 150, 

151- 
Campbell - Bannerman, H., 

169. 
Canning, 131. 
Canning, Vise. Stratford de 

Redcliffe, 132. 
Canon Law, 5. 
Canterbury, 154. 
Cape Town, 148. 
*' Caractacus," 115. 
Carlyle, T., 141, 142, \/*?., 

144, 155- 
Carmelites, i. 
Carnegie, Andrew, 177. 



192 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Caroline Divines, 60, 79. 
Carrier, Camb., 73. 
Cartwright, T., 39, 26, 40, 41, 

42, 45> 52. 
Casaubon, 61. 

" Castle of Otranto," 114. 
Catechism, Church, 50. 
Catharine, of Aragon, 13, 143 

17- 
Cathedrals — 
Avignon, 4. 
1^ Canterbury, 163, 167. 
Ely, 2, 6, 16. 
!^ Lincoln, 163. 
! Norwich, 61. 
Salisbury, 70. 
S. Paul's, 33, 36, 37, 51, 
5S> 56, 85, 138, 162, 172, 
176. 
Southwark, 49, 60, 77. 
Truro, 163. 
Catholicity, 48, 57, 79. 
Cavendish, H., 115. 
Cavendish, Lord Fredericks 

169. 
Cavendish Laboratory, 166. 
Cavendish, Spencer C, D. cf 

Devonshire, 164. 
Cav/npore, 130. 
Cayley, A., 155, 153. 
Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, 53, 

43, 54- 

Cecil, Lord Burleigh, 34, 24, 
26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 38, 39, 

43. 46, 51, S3- 
Ceremonial, 48, 67. 
Chaderton, L., 42. 
Chaderton, W., 41 , 39. 
Challis, J., 140, 152, 156. 
Champollion, 130. 
Chancellor's Medallist, 14-5, 

161, 162. 
Chancellors, Camb. Univ., 

Rotherham, 6; Fisher, 8; 

Gardiner, 12, 28, 31 ; 

Cromwell, 12 ; Burghley, 



34, 51 ; Essex, 51 ; Salis- 
bury, 54 J Camden, 150; 
Prince Albert, 150; Dev- 
onshire, 164. 

Chancellors of England — 
Rotherham, 5 ; Audley, 15 ; 

Alcock, 7; Goodrich, 17; 

Gardiner, 12; Camden, 

no. 
Chancellor of Exchequer, 

35, 105. 
Chapel, Alcock, 6. 
Chapel of St. Stephen, 5. 
Chapel, West, 7. 

Chaplain, Univ., 22. 
Chapman, 58. 
" Charge of Light Brigade," 

146. 
Charles L, 59, 63, 65, 68, 69, 

70, 72, 78, 86, 87. 
Charles IL, 76, 85, 89. 
Charrington, 172. 
Charterhouse, 148. 
Chatham, Earl of, no, 119, 

131- 

Chaucer, 44, 87. 

Cheke, Sir John, 28, 12, 13. 

29, 30j 31, 34, 36- 
Chemistry, 115, 125. 
Chesterfield, Earl of, no, 90. 
Chief Justice, 43, 140. 
Chief Justice of Commoji 

Pleas, Camden, no. 
" Childe Harold," 134. 
** Children of Gibeon," 170. 
" Christabel," 129. 
Christianity, 75, 107, log, 

117, 162, 166. 
Christian Doctrines, 154- 
" Christian Meditations," 58. 
*' Christian Perfection," 108, 
" Christian Year," 152. 
Church, Dean, 48, 127. 
Churches, of England, 151. 
Church, Eastern, 152, 
Church Restoration, icr. 



«93 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Church Universal, 49. 
Churches — 
All Saints', Margaret Street, 

154- 
St. Andrew's, Wells Street, 

151- 
St. Bride's^ Fleet Street, 71, 

72. 
St. Giles', Cripplegate, 75. 
St. Giles' in Fields, 85. 
St. Helen's, Bishopsgate 

Street, 31. 
St. Michael's, St. Albans, 

47- 
St. Olave's, Hart Street, 94. 
Church of England, 25, 27, 39, 
40 41, 48, 53, 54, 56, 57, 
61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 68, 6g, 
70, 79, 81, 82, 92, 92, 94, 
95, 99, 102, 103, 104, 105, 
107, 117, 121, 123, 129, 

1395 I43j 1505 15I5 154* 
1595 163, 164, 176. 
Churchmen — 

Bateman, 3 ; Rotherhara, 5 ; 
Alcock, 6; Fisher, 8; 
Tunstallj 10 ; Gardiner, 
11 ; Cranmer, 13; Good- 
rich, 16 ; Latimer, 17 ; 
Erasmus, 19 ; Coverdale. 
21 ; Ridley, 22 ; Parker, 
24 ; Ponet, 30 ; Watson, 
30 ; Grindal, 32 ; Sandys, 
33; Cartwright, 39; Whit- 
gift, 40; Bancroft, 41; 
Andrewes, 48 ; Montagu, 
61 ; W^ren, 62 ; Ferrar, 64 ; 
Cosin, 66 ; Herbert, 70 ; 
Overall, 50 ; Morton, 54 ; 
Hall, 57 ; Ward, 56 ; 
Davenant, 60 ; Taylor, 78 ; 
Fuller, 72 ; Gunning, 79 ; 
Sancroft, 85 ; Stillingfleet 
92; Barrow, 88; Bei'e- 
ridge, 94 ; Tenison, 95 ; 
Bentley, 100 ; Sherlock, 



105 ; Waterland, 107 ; 
Law, 108; Venn, 114$ 
Paley, 115; Milner, ii8; 
Marsh, 120; Simeon, 123; 
Maurice, 141 ; Tillotson, 
91 ; Rose, 137 ; Trench, 
142 ; Wordsworth, 143 ; 
Vaughan, 149 ; Goodwin, 
150; Neale, 150; B. Hope, 
154; Kingsley, 155; West- 
cott, 159; Lightfoot, 161; 
Benson, 162; Farrar, 166; 
Greighton, 175. 

" Cicero, Life of," 108. 

Circulation of Blood, 60. 

Civil War, 76, 87. 

Clapham, 115. 

Clare, Countess of, 4. 

Clarence, Duke of, 174. 

Clarke, Sam, 103, 72, 102, 104, 
107, 109. 

Clarke, E. D., 126, 125, 13S. 

Clarkson, T., 124, 121. 

Classics (Men), 61, 89, 151, 
162, 166. 

Classics, Senior, Maine, 156; 
Westcott, 159; Lightfoot, 
161 ; Jebb, 171 ; Words- 
worth, 143 ; Selwyn, 144 ; 
Vaughan, 149 ; Sidgwick. 
160. 

Classics, The, 79. 123. 

Classics, 61, 89, 151. 

Clerk Maxwell, J-j 166, 167. 

Clerk of King's Ships, 94. 

"Clerus Domini," 78. 
Cleves, Anne of, 14. 

Cockburn, Sir A., 140. 
Coke, Sir E., 43, 46, 51. 
Cole, W., no, 113, 114, 115. 
Colenso, J. W., 148. 

Coleridge, S. T., 128, 73, 127, 

128, 142. 155, 160. 
Colet, 6, iQ. 
*' Collectanea." 22. 



194 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



'oUeges — 

Buckingham, 7, 13. 
Christ's, 8, 32, 41, 77; Ban- 
croft, 41 ; Chaderton, 
42 ; Mildmay, 35 ; Smith, 
45; Lee, 50; Ward, 56; 
Lightfoot, 72 ; Milton, 74 ; 
More, 81 ; Cudworth, 82 ; 
Paley, 115; Darwin, 144; 
Calverley, 167 ; Seeley, 
168; Besant, 170; Leland, 
21. 
Clare, 50, 4 ; Ferrar, 64 ; 
Gunning, 79 ; Cudworth, 
82 ; Tillotson, 91 ; Whis- 
ton, 102; Cole, no; Lati- 
mer, 17; Ridley, 22. 
Corp. Chr., 4, 19 ; Parker, 
24 ; Bacon, 27 ; Goodrich, 
16 ; Taverner, 28 ; Browne, 
45, Marlov^e, 52 ; Boyle, 
55 ; Fletcher, 59 ; Sterne, 
70 ; Gunning, 79 ; Spencer, 
91 ; Tenison, 95 ; Gough, 
115. 
Downing, Neale, 150; Hum- 
phry, 161 ; Maitland, 173. 
Emm., I, 36, 35; Chader- 
ton, 42; Hall, 57; Which- 
cote, 76 , Harvard, 77 ; 
Cudworth, 82 : Horrocr s, 
83; Wallis, 83; Culver- 
well, 84 ; Bancroft, 85 ; 
Smith, 87 ; Pemberton, 88 ; 
Law, loS , Temple, 90 ; 
Parr, 118; Young, 130; 
Hort, 160; Creighton, 175. 
Gonv. and Cai., 3, 4, 29, 
28, 168 ; Gresham, 31 ; 
Lyndewode, 4 ; Butts, 12 ; 
Smith, 29; Caius, 29; 
Perse, 42; Harvey, 60; 
Cosin, 66 ; Glisson, 71 ; 
Taylor, 78 ; Shadwell, 95 ; 
Basset, 96; Collier, 98; 
Wharton, loi ; Clarke, 



103 ; WoUaston, 125 ; 
Frere, 128 ; Willis, 141 ; 
Goodwin, 150; Mackenzie, 
158; Hamblin Smith, i6o; 
Lockwood, 172 ; Seeley, 168. 
Jesus, I, 7, 41, II, 126; Mal- 
thus, 126; Clarke, 126; 
Coleridge, 128 ; Sterne, 
70 ; Pearson, 81 ; Strj^pe, 
98 ; Sterne, 111; Walmis- 
ley, 150; Alcock, 6; Good- 
rich, 16; Crammer, 13. 
King's, 5, 124 ; Wodelarke, 
5 ; Croke, 16 ; Rotherham, 
5, 6 ; Tusser, 37 ; West, 7 ; 
Walsingham, 38 ; Cheke, 
28', Temple, 49; Montagu, 
61 ; Waller, 72 ; Whichcote, 
76. 

Pearson, 81 ; Walpole, 105 ; 
Camden, no; Cole, no; 
H. Walpole, 114; Simeon, 
123 ; Grey, 125 ; Stratford 
Canning, 132 ; Bradshaw, 
165 ; J. K, Stephen, 174. 
King's Hall, 24. 
Magd,, Peachell, 90; Pepys, 
92 ; Waterland, 107 ; 
Kingsley, 155 ; Parnell, 
173 ; Nevile, 42. 
Magdalene, 32 ; Rede, 7 ; 

Audley, 15. 
Michael, H., 3, 4; Fisher, 8. 
Pembroke, 34, 38, 113; 
Rotherham, 5 ; Rogers, 
27; Bradford, 37; Ridley, 
22 ; Grindal, 32 ; Whit- 
gift, 40 ; Chaderton, 41 ; 
Nevile, 42 ; Spenser, 43 ; 
Andrewes, 48; Wren, 62; 
Crashaw, 80 ; Wharton, 
87; Gray, 112; Pitt, T19; 
Stokes, 153; Maine, 156. 
Peterhouse, 2, 4, 113; Perne, 
35 ; Penry, 52 ; Cosin, 66 ; 
Hutchinson, 86 ; Wren, 62 ; 



195 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Gray, 112; Cavendish, n; 
Melvill, 138; Kelvin, 157; 
Clerk iviaxwell, 166; 
Routh, 167; Fawcett, 168. 

Queens', i, 20; Erasmus, 9, 
19 ; Smith, 29 ; Poriet, 30. 
Chaderton, 41 ; Davenant, 
60 ; Fuller, 72 ; Pearson, 
81 ; Smith, S7 ; Milner, 118, 

S. Cath., Wodelarke, 5; 
Sandys, 33 ; Bradford, 37 ; 
Lightfoot, 72; Ray, 90; 
Strype, 98; lioadly, 103; 
Sherlock, 105 ; Adden- 
brooke, 106; Milner, J., 
118 ; Overall, 50. 

Sidney, Sussex, 57 ; Sam 
Ward,, 56; Cromwell, 71; 
Seth Ward, 84; Ba^:set6, 9. 

S. John's, 53, 57, 63, 8, 16, 
26, 28, 30, 34, 150; Cheke, 
28 ; Cartwright, 39 ; Wyatt, 
21 ; Vv'atson, 31 ; Pember, 
24; Sandys, ^3, Ashton, 
16; Burghley, 34; Redman, 
24; Perne, 35; Ascham, 
30; Dee, 36; Salisbury, 
53; Beale, 63; Whitaker, 
42 ; Morgan. 43 ; Greene, 
50 ; Overall, 50 ; Constable, 
50; Lee, 50; Morton, 54; 
Nash, 55; Jonson, 58; 
Wentworth, 68; Williams, 
62 ; Herrick, 71 ; Fairfax, 
76; Gunning, 79; Stilling- 
fle»t, 92; Beveridge, 94; 
Baker 99 ; Bentley, 100 ; 
Prior, 102 ; Heberden, 
no; Venn, 114; Mason, 
114; Hill, 117; Marsh, 
120 ; Wilberforce, 121 ; 
Clarkson, 124 ; Words- 
worth, 126; Martyn, 129; 
Palmerston, 131 ; Kirke 
White, 133 ; Herchel, 135 ; 
Henslow, 138 ; Melvill, 135 j 



Seiwyn, 144 ; Colenso^j 
148; Adams, 156; Macken ' 
zie, 158; Sterndale Ben- 
nett, 176; Palmer, 171. 
Trinity, 3, 7, 26, 36, 30 
42, 50, 100, loi, 126, i2,( 
^37, 150* 151 ; Rede, 7 
Whitgift, 40 ; Tunstall, 10 
Whitaker, 42; Coke, 43 
Bacon, 46; Herbert, 69 
Essex, 51; Spelman, 53 
Donne, 55; Beale, 63'; 
Sterne, 70; Randolph, 74; 
Pearson, 81 ; Marvell, 85 ; 
Cowley, 87; Barrow, 88 
Ray, 90; Dryden, 92; 
Willughby, 95; Newton 
96; Cotes, 106; Bentley 
100 ; Middleton, 107 
Byrom, 109 ; Porson, 122 
Sedgwick, 131 ; Byron 
134; Hare, 135; WhewelJ 
136; Rose, 137; Thirlwall 
137; Macaulay, 138; Airy, 
139; Challis, 140; Lyt 
ton, 140 ; Maurice, 141 ; 
Sterling, 142 ; Trench. 
142 ; Fitzgerald, 142 
Wordsworth, 143 ; Hough 
ton, 143 ; Spedding, 144 
Kinglake, 146; Tennysoi 
146; Alford, 147; Thackf 
ray, 147; Vaughan, 149 
Walmisley, 150; Neale 
150; Ellis, 153; Beresfor 
Latham, 158; Westcott 
159 ; Hort, 160 ; Lightfoo'. 
161 ; Benson, 162 ; Farrar 
166; Clerk Maxwell, 166 
Cavendish, 164 ; Caver 
dish, 169 ; Sidgwick, 169 
Campbell-Bannerman, 169 
Jebb, 171 ; Maitland, 173 
F. M. Balfour, 174 
Foster, 174; Acton, 176 
Hope, 154; Cayley, 155. 



196 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Trinity Hall, 3, 4 ; Gar- 
diner, 11; Bilney, 19; 
Trusser, 37; llerrick, 71; 
Pepys, 92 ; Chesterfield, 
no; Cockburn, 140; Lyt- 
ton, 140; Maurice, 141; 
Sterling, 142; Maine, 156; 
Latham, 158; Stephen, 
164; Fawcett, 168. 
-olleges, Masters 01 — 

Chr., Cudworth, 82. 

Clare, Cudworth, 82. 

Corp. Chr., 59; Gunning, 
80 ; Spencer, 91 ; Parker, 
24. 

Emm., Sancroft, 85. 

Gonv. and C, Caius, 29. 

King's, Wodelarke, 4 ; 
Whichcote, 76; Cheke, 28. 

Jesus, Beale, 63 ; Sterne, 70 ; 
Pearson, 81. 

Magdalene, Nevile, 42 ; 
Peachell, 90; Waterland, 
107. 

Michael House, Fisher, 8. 

Pembroke, Whitgift, 40 ; 
An dr ewes, 48 ; Stokes, 
154; Ridley, 22; Grindal, 

33- 
Peterhouse, V.'ren, 62 ; 

. Cosin, 67 ; Perne, 35. 

.Qutens', Fisher, 8: Chader- 

ton, 41 ; Davenant, 60 ; 

Milner. 118. 
S. Catharine's, Overall, 50; 

Lightfoot, 72; Sherlock, 

105 ; Sandys, 33. 
S. John's, Whitaker, 42; 

Beale, 63; Gunning, 80; 

Watson, 31. 
Sidney Sussex, Ward, 56; 

Basset, 96- 
'Trinity, 42; Redman, 24; 

Neville, 42; Whitgift, 40; 

Pearson, 81 ; Barrow, 89 ; 

Bentley, 100; Whewell, 136. 



Trinity Hall, 168 ; Gardiner. 

11; Maine, 156; Latham, 

158. 
College Chapels — 
Chr., 81, 83. 
Corp., 91. 
Emm., 42. 
G. and C, 30, 42. 
King's, 5, 123, 170. 
Magd., 91. 
Pemb., 62. 
Queens', 119. 
S. Cath., 106. 
S. John's, 63, 99. 
Trinity, 97, loi, 106, 123, 
126, 132, 137, 138, 146, 

ISO- 
College Halls — 

Emmanuel, 131. 

S. Catharine's, 119. 

S. John's, 127, 172. 

Trinity, 155. 
Collier, J., 98. 
" Colloquia," 20 
Colonial Prelates, 144, 148^ 

158. 
Commentary, Bible, 143, 162, 

159- 
Commissioners, 86. 
Common Prayer Book, 17, 22, 

38- 

Communion, First Order of, 

^^' 
Community, Religious, 64, 

109. 
*♦ Complete Duty of Man," 
Compulsory Chapel, 137. 
" Comus," 75- 
*' Conceited Pedlar," 74. 
Congregationalists, 45 ; 

Browne, 45. 
Constable, H., 50. 
Constantinople, 132 
" Contemplations," 5S. 



197 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Controversialists, Montagu, 

6i. 
Convocation, 9, 104. 
Cork, Earl of, 55. 
•• Cornhill," 165 
Cornishmen, 156. 
" Corporal Trim," 112. 
Cosin, J., 66, 48, 50, 61, 63, 

84, 8s. 
Cotes, R., 106, 97, 101, 102. 
Cottenham, 93. 
" Country Parson," 70. 
Coverdale, Miles, 21. 
Cowley, A., 87, 80. 
Cowper, no. 
Crabbe, G., 142. 
Cranmer, Thomas, 13, 12, 18, 

20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 30, 

315 37. 38. 
Crashaw, R., So, 78. 
Craven Scholarship, 139. 
Creighton, M., 175. 
Croke, Rich., 16. 
Cromwell, O., 71, 63, 70, 72, 

76, 80,^84, 85, 91. 
Cromwell, T., 12, 14, 21. 
" Crossing the Bar," 146. 
Cross, University, 17. 
Crotch, 170. 
Crystal Gazing, 36. 
Cudworth, R., 82, 76, 84, 90, 

91. 
Culverwell, N., 84. 
Cury, Petty, 28. 
Cuvier, 90. 

Darwin, C, 144, 138. 

Davenant, J., 60, 57, 70, 72. 

'• Davideis," 87. 

Davy, Sir H., 126. 

" De Augmentis," 47. 

*• De legibus Hebrseorum." 91. 

Deans — 

Canterbury, Nevile, 42 ; 
Alford, 147 ; Farrar, i66. 

Carlisle, Milner, iig. 



Ely, Goodwin, 150; Perne, 

35- 
Llandaff, Vaughan, 149. 

S. Paul's, Overall, 50 ,♦ 
Donne, 56; Sancroft, 85; 
Stillingfleet, 92. 
Salisbury, Tunstall, 10. 
Westminster, Andrewes, 48, 
69 : Williams, 62 ; Trench, 
142. 
Windsor, West, 7. 
Dee, John, 36. 
Deist Teaching, 105, 107. 
Democratic principles, 125. 
Demotic writing, 130. 
" Descent of Man," 145. 
Deventer, ig. 
Devereux, R., 51. 
Devonshire, 128, 155. 
Devonshire, Duke of, 164. 
" Devotions," 48. 
" Diana," 50. 
*« Diary," 57. 
" Diary," Pepys, 93, 94. 
Dictionary, Nat. Biography, 

165. 
Diplomatists, Stratford Can- 
ning, 132. 
" Discourse on Light of 

Nature," 84. 
Discoverers, Harvey, 60 ; 

Young, 130. 
" Dissertation on Letters of 
Phaleris," 100. 1 

" Divine Dialogues," 81. 
Divinity of our Lord, lok, 

107- i_ . 

Doctors — I 

Harvey, 60; Glisson, 71, 
Wharton, 87 ; Addep- 
brooke, 106 ; Heberdei^, 
no ; Wollaston, 125 ; 
Young, 130; Butts, T2; 
Caius, 29; Perse, 42; 
Humphry, 161. 
• Doctrine of Eucharist," 107. 



198 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



I Doctrine of Trinity, 103, 104, 

107. 
IDoUinger, 177. 

*' Domesday Book and Be- 
yond," 174. 

Dominicans, i. 

Doncaster, 149. 

Donne, J., 55, 49, 54, 56, 58, 
66, 69, 78. 

Donne, W. B., 142. 

Dort, Synod of, 57. 

Drake, 41. 

Dramatists — 

Greene, 50 ; Marlowe, 52 ; 
Nash, 55 ; Jonson, 58 ; 
Fletcher, 59 

Dryden, J., 92, 85, 87, 95, 96, 
99/ 102. 

Diibliii, Trinity College, 49. 

Duchy of Lancaster, 15. 

" Ductor Dubitantium," 78. 

Dugdale, 22, 53. 

Dupanloup, 177. 

Durham. 67, 162. 

'• Early Days of Chrlsiianilyj** 

166. 
East Grinstead, 151. 152, 153, 
Eastern Church, 152. 
Eastern Languages, 171. 
Eastern Poetry, 143. 
Eastern Question, 132. 
" Ecce Homo," 168. 
" Ecclesiastical Hist, of Great 

Britain," 73. 
"Ecclesiastical Memorials," 98. 
Edinburgh University, 166. 
Edward IL, 3. 
Edward III., 3. 
Edward VL, 10, 12, 28, 28, 

293 30, 32, 35» 36- 
Edward VIL, 131, 161. 
Egyptian Government, 172. 
Egyptian Traveller, 171. 
Electricity, 157. 
" Elegy in Country Church- 



yard," 113. 
*• Elfrida/' 115. 
Ellis, R. L., 153. 
Elizabeth, Q., 11, 24, 27, 28, 

29> 30, 31, 32, 33, 345 35i 
36, 38, 41, 43, 54, 51. 

Elizabethan Poets, 43. 

Ely Monastery, 2. 

Ely Palace, 6, 17. 

Embryology, 174. 

Emerson, 77, 143. 

England, Church of, see under 

" Church." 
English Hymns, 152. 
English Trade, 31, 34. 
" Eothen," 146. 
Epigrams, 58. 
Epitaphs, 58, 73, 130. 
Epworth, 108. 
Erasmus, Desiderius, 19, 9, 

1O3 II, 16, 28. 
Essays, 139. 

Essaj'ists, Macaulay, 138. 
" Essays on Freethinking," 

165. 
Essex, Earl of, 51, 43, 46, 52. 
•• Esmond," 148. 
Etheldreda, 2. 
Eton College, 49, 61, 72, 81, 

105, no. III, 112, 114, 

117, 122, 123, 128, 132, 

i35j 1445 146, 164, 165, 
,i73> 1745 5» 57- 
Euripides, 123 
" Euphranor," 143. 
Evangelical Party, 114, 11 8, 

123, 129, 148, 150, 22. 
Evangelical Religion, 109. 
Evelyn, 79, 80, 87, 94, 95, loi. 
Eversley, 155. 
*' Every man in his Humour," 

** Evidences of Christianity,'* 

"5- 

Exchange, Royal, 32. 



199 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN, 



Exchequer, Chancellor of, 35, 
105. 

*' Exercitatio Anatomica,'' 61. 

Exeter House Chapel, 80. 

•* Expansion of England," 

169. 
** Exposition of Creed," 81. 

'* Fable of Bees," 108. 

" Faerie Queene," 43, ^4. 

Fagius, 35. 

Fairfax, Lord, 76, 85. 

" Faithful Shepherdess," 60. 

Farrar, F. W., i66. 

Fatalism, 83. 

" Faustus, Dr.," 52. 

Fawcett, H., 168, 165, 171. 

Fenianism, i6g. 

Ferrar, N., 64, 56, 69, 70, 80. 
109. 

Field, 49. 

Financiers, Greshara, 31 ; Mild- 
may, 35. 

Fisher, John, 8, 6, 7, 14, 16, 
20. 

Fitzgerald, E., 142. 

Fleet Street, S. Bride's 
Church, 71. 

Fletcher, J., 59, 44, 58. 

" Fly Leaves," 167. 

Folkestone, 60. 

Foster, Sir M., 174. 

Founder of Harvard Univ., 

77- 

Founders of Colleges, Bate- 
man, 3 ; Gonville, 3 ; 
Alcock, 6 ; Wodelarke, 5 ; 
Fisher, 8; Margaret, 8; 
Audley, 15; Caius, 29; 
Mildmay, 35. 

Fox, C. J., 119, 125. 

Francis, Alban, 88, 91. 

Franciscans, i. 

Freeschool Lane, 3. 



French Astronomers, 156. 
French Revolution, 119. 
Frere, J. H., 128. 
Frobisher, 41. 
Froude, R. H., 137, 155. 
Fuller, T., 72, 48, 54, 61, 69, 

78, 80. 
" Giaour, The," 134. 
Galileo, 75, 96. 
Gardiner, Stephen, 11, 14, 22, 

28, 30, 31, 32, 37. 
Gates at Caius C, 30. 
German Literature, 120, 128, 

136. 
Generals, Fairfax, 76 ; Crom- 
well, 71. 
Geneva Arbitration, 140. 
Geologists, Sedgwick, 131 ; 

Middleton, 107. 
Geology, Museum, 131. 
George L, 95, 105. 
Gibbon, 108. 
Gidding, Little, 64, 65, 70, 80, 

109. 
Gill, Lieut., 172. 
Gladstone Cabinet, 168. 
Gladstone Ministry, 164. 
Gladstone, W. E., 141, 14;^, 

144, 146, 163, 164, 172, 

173. 177- 
Glasgow, 157. 

Glasgow, Professor Nat. Phil., 

»S7- 
Glasgow University, i6g, 171. 
Glasnevin Cemetery, ^ 72. 
Giisson, F., 71. 
••Glossary," 53. 
Glyn, Dr., 23. 
•• Go lovely Rose," 72. 
Coethe, 52. 

Gog Magog Hills, 137. 
" Golden Butterfly," 170. 
Golden Grove, 78. 
Goodrich, Th., 16. 
Gonville, Edmund, 3, 29. 



200 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Goodwin, H., 150, 152. 

Gorhambury, 27. 

Goudaj ig. 

Gough, R., 115. 

Grantchester, 134. 

Gravitation, 96. 

Gray, Bp., 148. 

Gray, T,, 112, iii, 114, 115. 

" Great Exemplar," 78. 

Greek Hymns, 152. 

Greek Testament, 147, 16c. 

Greek Professor, Glasgows 

171. 
Greek Pronunciation, 28^ 23. 
Greek, Studv of, 24, 28, 31. 

36. 
Greene, R., 50. 
Grenoble, 130. 
Gresham College, 2^. 
Gresham, Sir T., 31. 
Grey, Earl, 125. 
Grey, Lady Jane, 17, 23, 24, 

33- 
Grindal, E., 32, 26, 21, 30, 39. 
Grote, G., 135, 139. 
Grotius, 75. 

Guild of Corp. Chr., 4. 
Guild of B. Virgin, 4. 
Gunning, P., 79, 67, 84. 
Gunpowder Plot, 43. 

Haddan, 53. 
Hall, J., 57, 56, 69. 
Hallam, H., 142, 143, 146. 
Halls, Ridley, 22 ; King's 23. 
Halls, College Dining — 

Emm., 131. 

S. Cath., 119. 

S. John's, 127, 172. 

Trinity, 155. 
Hamblin Smith, J., 160. 
Hare, J. C, 135, 136, 142. 
Harmony of Gospels, 65. 
Harvard, J., 77. 
Harvard University, 77. 



Harvey, Vv., 60, 71. 
Hawarden Church, 163. 
liav/kins, 41. 
Heberden, Vv., 126, no. 
Hebrev/ Scholars, Lightfoot, 

72 ; Bentley, 100 ; Spen- 
cer, 91. 
Hefele, 177. 
Hellespont, 134. 
Hempstead, 61. 
Henry VI., 4. 
Henry VII., 6, 88. 
Henry VIII., 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 

16, 21, 30, 31. 
Henslow, J. S., 138, 145. 
Herbert, G., 69, 56, 65, 78, 

So. 
Herrick, R., 71, 58. 
Herschel, Sir W., 135. 
Ilerschel, Sir J. F. W., 135. 

136, 156. 
" Kesperides." 71. 
" Hexapla," 100. 
Hieroglyphics, 130. 
High Steward of Camb., 71. 
Hill, R., 117. 

" Hind and Panther," 93, 102. 
Historians, Fuller, 73 ; Bakers 

99 ; Thirlwall, 137 j 

Macaulay, 138 ; Seeley, 

168 ; Maitland, 175 ; 

Creighton, 175 ; ActODj 

176. 
*' Historic Doubts," 114- 
History Architecture, Camb.. 

141. 
" History of Athanasian 

Creed," 107. 
"History of Church of 

Christ," 118. 
** History of Crimean War,'' 

146. 
" History of England," 139. 
*• History of Greece," 137. 
" History of Holy War," 73- 



201 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



'* History of Papacy,'" 175. 

.*' History of Reformatioa/' 
99. 

" History of S. John's Coi- 
lege," 99. 

" History of Society of Anti- 
quaries," 115. 

** History of University," 99, 

73- 
Hoadly, B., 103, 105, 108. 
Hobbes, 83. 
Hobson, T., 73, 
" Hobson's Choice," 73. 
Holmes, O. W., 77. 
" Holy Living and Dying," 78, 
Home Rule for Ireland, 1645 

173- 
Hooker (botanist), 145. 
Hooker, R., 41, 54. 
Hooper, Bp., 28. 
Hope, A. J. Beresford, 154. 
Hopkins, the pri/ate iutor^ 

157, 167. 
" Horae Paulinae," 117. 
Horrocks, J., 83. 
Hort, F. T. A., 160, 143, 159. 

165. 
Horton, 75. 
Hospitals — 

Addenbrooke's, 161. 

Christ's, 23. 

S. Bartholomew's, 161, 2.3, 

60. 
S. Thomas', 23, 87. 
Hospital of S. John, i, 2, 8. 
Houghton, Lord, 143, 147. 
House of Commons, 64, S8j 

94, 106, 124, 139, 154, 154, 

171, 172. 
House of Lords, 54, 57, 8S. 
Howard, Catherine, 14. 
Hucknall, 134. 
Huddersfield, 114. 
Hughes, T., 155. 
Hull, 85, 121. 
Humphry Museum, i6i. 



Humphry, Sir G. M., 161. 
Hursley, 152. 

'• Husbandry, Points of," 37. 
Hutchinson, J., 86. 
Hydrodynamics, [see Stokes), 

153- 
Hydrogen Gas, 115. 
Hymn, Christmas, log. 
Hymns, English, 152. 
*' Hypatia, ' 155. 

*' Idylls of the King," 146. 
" Ignatian Epistles," 82. 
*' II Penseroso," 75, 
" Importance of Holy TrinUy 

Asserted," 107. 
" In Memonam," 146. 
Incense, 48, 67. 
India, 129, 139. 
Inscriptions, 130. 
" Instauratio Magna," 47. 
" Institutiones Chronologicae," 

94 
Inquisition, 63, 
Investigators, Harvey, 61 ; 

Darwin, 145. 
Ireland, 44, 51, 55, 68, 75, 153, 

164. 
'* Irenicum," 92. 
Irish Church, 163. 
Irish Party, 173. 
Irish Secretary, i6g. 
Irving, Edw., 142. 



"J.K.S.," 174. 

James L, 7, 42, 47, 54, 56, 62. 

James IL, 86, 88, 90, 91, 96, 

*' Jealous Lovers," 74. 

Jebb, Sir R. C, 171, 138. 

Jegon, 50. 

Jerusalem, 171. 

Jerusalem Chamber, 97. 

Jewish Rites, 91. 

Johnson, Sam., 90, 108, no. 

Jones, Inigo, 58. 



202 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Jonson, B., 58, 44, 52, 56, 71, 

74, 95- 
Josephus, 102. 
Jubilee, 154, 145, 158. 
Judges, Cockburn, 140; Axid- 

ley, 15; Coke, 43. 
Julian Calendar, 36. 
Juvenal, 93 
Juxon, 78. 

Kant, 129. 

Keate, 146. 

Keats, 129. 

Keble, J., 127, 137, 152, 

Kelly, 36. 

Kelvin, Lord, 157. 

Keinble, J. M., 143. 

Kent, 60. 145. 

Kepler, 83. 

Khiyyam, O., 143. 

King, Mr. Edward, 75. 

*• Kingdom of Christ," 14s.- 

Kinglake, A. W., 146, 147. 

Kings — 

Charles I., 59, 63, 65, 68, 
69, 70, 72, 78, 86, 87. 

Charles II., 76, 85, 89. 

Edw. XL, 3. 

Edw. III., 3. 

Edw. VI., 10, 12, 28, 29, 30, 

32, 35. 36. 
Edward VII., 131, 161. 
George I., 95, 105. 
Henry VI,, 4. 
Henry VII., 6, 88. 
Henry VIII., 9, 10, 11, 13, 

14, 16, 21, 30, 31. 
James I., 7, 42, 47, 54, 56, 

62. 
James II., 86, 88, 90, gi, 

96. 
William III., 86, 90. 
Kings Cliffe, log. 
King's College, London, 141. 
Kingsley, C, 155, 141, i44. 

146. 



Kirke, White, H., 133, 124, 
129. 

'' L' Allegro." 75. 

L. C. J. King's Bench, Pem- 

berton, 88. 
" Lady of Lyons," 140. 
Lamb, Charles, 90, 127, 128. 
Lambeth, Chapel, 26. 
Lambeth Conference, 144- 
Lambeth Palace, 11, 86 
Lambeth, Register, 25. 
Lancaster, 136. 
Landbeach, 24 
** Lapsus Calami." 
" Last Days of Pompeiij,**' 

140. 
Latham, K., 158, 164. 
Latimer, Hugh, 17, 13, 20,. 

23> 24, 31, 37. 
Latin Hymns, 152. 
Latin Verse, 152. 
Latitudinarian Views, 104, 

107. 
Laud, 48, 53, 54, 57, 60, 61,, 

62, 64, 67, 69, 71. 
Laureatpship, 96 
Law, Edmund, 117. 
Law, W., 108, 104, 105, icg,, 

129. 
Lawyers — 

Lyndewode, 4 ; Rede, 7 ; 

Goodrich, 16; Audley, 15; 

Coke, 43 ; Smith, 29 j 

Lockwood, 172 ; Cock!^urn, 

140; Camden, no; Pern 

berton, 88; Maine, 156. 
•' Lays of Ancient Rome,"" 

138, 139- 
Learning, New, 17, 22, 28. 
Lee, James Prince, 159, i6s^ 
Lee, W., so. 
Leibnitz, 79. 
Leigh ton, 69. 
Lela.id, John, 21. 



203 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



" Letters, Chesterfield/* 40. 

Leverrier, 156. 

Liberal Party, 164, iCg. 

Liberal Unionist, 16^. 

*' Liberty of Prophesyiiig.'* 

Librarian, University, 105,. 

Libraries — 

Peterhouse, 33. 
Corpus, 25s 26. 
University, 0, 99, 113, 165. 

186, 177. 
Acton, 177. 
S. John's, 62. ny, 
Irinity, 75, 134. 
Magd., 94. 

Liddon, Canon, 138. 

" Life of Christ,""" 166. 

" Life of Cicero* "' loS. 

*' Life of Elizabeth," 175. 

" Life of H. Favv^cett.'* 165. 

" Life of L. Stephen," 174. 

" Life of S. PauL" 166. 

Light, 96, 130. 

Lightfoot, John, 72, 73. 

Lightfoot, J. B., 161, 159, 171. 

Linacre, 16, 19. 

Lincoln, 162. 

Lincoln's Inn, 56. 

Lincoln '^ Trial,** i62' 

Linguists, Neale, 152; Paimcr, 
171. 

Literary Men — 

Pember, 24 ; Erasmus, 19 
Ascham, 30; Croke, 16 
Cheke, 28; Smith, 29 
Jonson, 58; Fuller, 73 
Temple, 90 ; Milton, 74 
Taylor, 78; Barrow, 8S 
Pepys, 93 ; Dryden, 92 
Whiston, 102; Sherlock 
105 ; Waterland, 107 
Chesterfield, 110; Sterne 
III ; H. Walpole, 114 
Parr, 118; Person, 122 
Frere, 128 ; Coleridge 
128; Hare, 135; Rose 



137 ; Thirhvall, 137 ; 
Macaulay, 138 ; Maurice, 
141 ; Sterling, 142 ; Fitz- 
gerald, 142 ; Houghton, 
143 ; Kinglake, 146 ; Sp.^d- 
ding, 144 ; Thackeray, 
147; Neale, 150; Ellis, 
153; Kingsley, 1555 Step- 
hen, 164; Bradshaw, 165; 
Lytton, 140; Besant, 170; 
Farrar, 166. 

Littledale, Dr., 152. 

Little Gidding, 64, 63, 70, hoy 

Livingstoiio, 155. 
Locke, 92, 97, loi. 
Lockwood, Sir F., 172. 
London Churches — 

All Saints', Margaret Strest, 

S. Andrew's, Wells Street, 

154- 
S. Bride's, Fleet Street, 71^ 

72. 
S. Giles', Cripplegate, 75 
S. Giles' in Fields, 85. 
S. Helen's, Bishopsgate, 31. 
S. Olave's, Hart Street, 94. 
London, City of, 51, 58, 75, 

79, 8r, 88, 91, no, 122, 

123, 130, 141, 151, 162, 

170. 
London, Tower of, 47, t,i, C7, 

62, 63, 71, SSy 86, 105. 
Longfellow, 77. 
Lord Almoner's, Reader 

Arabic, 171. 
Lord Chancellors, Bacon, 46 ; 

Camden, no. 
Lord Chief Justice, Commoa 

Pleas, Rede, 7. 
Lord Treasurer, 54. 
Lord Keeper, 27, 62. 
Lords Commissioners, 91. 
Lowell, 77. 



204 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Luard, H. R., i6o, 165. 

Lutheranism, 25. 
*' LycidaSj" y^. 
Lyell, Sir C, 145. 
Lyndewode, Will, |. 
" Lyrical Ballads," 128, 
Lyttelton, Lord, no, 149. 
Lytton, Lord J 140. 

Macaulay, Lord, 138, 15, 130. 

" Mac Flecknoe/' 96. 

Mackenzie, C. F,, 150, 158. 

Madrid, 63. 

Magic Glass, 36. 

" Maids Tragedy,*' 60. 

Maine, Sir H. S., 156, 143, 

158* 177. 

Maitland, F. W., 173. 

Malthus, T. R., 126. 

Manuscripts, 75, iii, 165, 
21, 26, 37. 

Margaret, Countess of Rich- 
mond, 8, 16. 

Margaret, Professor, 8, 20, 
24> 39j 40, 41. 57> 60, 72, 
80, 81, 120, 162. 

Marlowe, C, 52, 55. 

Marprelate, Martin, 40, 53, 

55- 
Marsh, H., 120, 118. 

Martin, Dr., 63. 

Martin Marprelate, 40, 53, 55. 

Martyn, H., 129, 124. 

Martyr, Peter, 12, 22, 32, 33, 

38. 
Martyrs — 

Cranmer, 13 ; Latimer, 17 ; 
Ridley, 22 ; Bilnej'-, 19 ; 
Rogers, 27 ; Bradford, 37. 
Marvel], A., 85. 
Mary, Queen of Scots, 38. 
Mary, Queen, 10, 11, 12, 13, 
14, 17, 18, 21, 28, 29, 305 

31, 32, 33, 35> 36, 37- 
Mary II., 95. 
Massachusetts, 77. 



Massinger, 60. 
Mason, \V., 114, 113. 
Mathematicians, 36 ; Hor- 

rocks, 82; Wallis, S3; 

Seth Ward, 84; Barrow, 

895 Newton, 96; W^histon, 

102 ; Cotes, 106 ; Her- 

schel 135; Airy, 140; 

Challis, 140, Willis, 141 ; 

Ellis 153; Cayley, 155, 

Kelvin, 157; Stokes, 153; 

Adams, 156 ; Maxwell, 

166 ; Routh, 167, 
Matthev^r's Bible, 27, 28. 
Maurice, F. D., 141, 108, 129, 

i39> 140, 142, 142, 143, 

146, 148, 15c;, 160. 
" Maud," 146. " 
Maxwell, Clerk, J., 166, 160. 
" May Queen," 170. 
Medallist, Chancellor's, 149, 

161, 162. 
Medical School, 161. 
Melville, H., 138. 
Members of Pari., 71, 85, 97, 

102, 105, 114, 1215 140, 

139, 168, 172, 175. 
Members' Prize, 125, 151, 167. 
** Llemoirs," 87. 
" Memoirs of George II. and 

George III.," 114. 
Memorial, Donne, 55 ; Wal- 

misley, 150. 
Mendelssohn, 170. 
Merivale, 143. 
Merton College, 175. 
*' Methods of Ethics " 
Middleton, C, 107, no, 113. 
Mildmay, Sir W., 35, 42. 
Mill, J. S., 138, 155, 169. 
Milner, I., 118, 120, i2t, 13a. 
Milner, Joseph, 118. 
Milnes, R. M., 143, 147. 
Milton, 74, 20, 44, 48, 6g, 76^ 

77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 85. 
Miltoc (village), in. 



205 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



^! 



Minster, Beverley, 6. 
*• Miracles,'* 142. 
Missionaries, 124, 129; 14.^^ 

15S. 
Mitre, Wren's, 62. 
Mohammedans, 130. 
Monckton-Milnes, R., 143, 147. 
" Monks of Thelema," 175. 
Montagu, R., 61, 56, 57, ■: 
Monuments, 97, 55, 133, 138, 

146. 
More, H., 81, 76, 80, 83. 
More, Sir Thomas, 7, g, so. 
Morgan, W., 43. 
Morley, John, 177. 
Morton, T., 54, 25, 57. 
Motley, 77. 

Motto, 42, 76, no, 176. 
Moule, Bishop, 124. 
Moultrie, G., 139. 
Mulberry Tree, Milton's, 75. 
** Musseus," 115. 
" Muses* Looking Glass,-' 74. 
Museum ot Geology, 131. 
Museum, British, 37, 6s> ^-9, 

III. 
Musicians, Walmisley, 150 5 

Sterndale Bennett, ijo, 
'* Mysterious Mother,^* 124. 
Mysticism, loS. 
Mystics, More, 81; Law, loS^ 

Fitzgerald, 142. 

*• Nag's Head Fable," 25. 
Nag's Head Inn. 25. 
Napoleon, 120. 
Nash, T., 55, 50. 
National Society, 121. 
Natural Religion, 107. 
♦* Natural Theology." 117. 
Naturalists, Darwin, 144 1 

Willughby, 95. 
Neale, J. M., 150. 
Nebulas, 135. 
Nelson, 120. 
Neptune, Planet, 156. 



Nevile's Court, 42. 
Nevile, T., 42, 43, 69. 
Newcastle Town, 22. 
** Newcomes, The," 148. 
New England, 77. 
Newman, Cardinal, 129, 137. 
Newnham College, 169. 
Newton, I., 96, 84, 89, 94, 
loi, 102, 103, 106, 123. 

135. 157- 
" Noble Numbers," 71. 

Nonjurors, 86, 98, 99, 108. 

North Countrj'^, 159, 160. 

Northumberland, Duke of, J2j 
14. 

Norwich, Tov/n of, 19, 57. 

Nottingham J 86, 133. 

Novelists — 

Lytton, 140; Thackeray, 
147; Kingsley, 155; Besaiit, 
170. 

" Novum Organum," 47. 

Nunnery of S. Rhadegund, 2. 

O'Connell, Daniel, 173. 

Observatory, Cambridge, 14c- 
140. 

" Ode on ^thelstan's Vic- 
tory," 128. 

" Ode on distant prospect of 
Eton College," 113. 

'• Ode on the Nativity," 75. 

" Old Age," 72. 

Omar Khayyam, 143. 

Optics, 96, 125, 153. 

Orator, Public, 16, 24, 28, iQ, 
30, 69, 143, 171. 

Order of Merit, 171. 

Orford, Earl of, 106, II4. 

*• Organum, Novum,'* 47. 

'• Origin of Species," 145. 

" Origines Sacras," 92. 

Osterl^y, 32. 

Oughtred, 84, 88. 

Overall, J., t;o, 49, 67. 

Oxford, All S's Colkge, 78. 



206 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Oxford, Bodleian, 22. 
Oxford, Merton College, 2, 

Oxford, S. Mary's, 84. 
Oxford, Town of, 18, 23, 31 . 
Oxford, Trinity College, 84. 
Oxford, University of, 19, aSj 
355 38, 56, S9» 84, 150, 167. 

Paget, Sir G., 160, 161. 

Palace, Episcopal, at Ely, 6. 

Paley, F. H., 152. 

Paley, W., 115. 

Palmer, E. H., 171. 

Palmer, W., 137 {Tractatiai)).. 

Palmerston, Lord, 131. 

Papal Power, g, 57, 86. 

Papal Supremacy, 11. 

Papists, 40, 67, 96. 

" Parables," 142. 

" Paradise Lost," 75, 

Paris, City of, 130. 

Paris, University of, ig, so. 

Parliamentary Forces, 76. 

Parliamentary Party, 86. 

Parnell Commission. 173. 

Parnell, C. S., 173. 

Parr, S., 118. 

Parker, Matthew, 24, 11, 25, 

26, 27, 30, 38. 
** Pastor Pastorum," 15S. 
Patriarch of Jerusalem, 4= 
" Paul Clifford," 14c. 
Peachell, J., go. 
Peacock, Dean, 135, 136, 156. 
Pearson, J., 81, 63. 
" Pelham," 140. 
Pember, Rob., 24. 
Pemberton, Sir F., 88. 
Penry, John, 40, 52. 
Pepj^s, S., 03, 83, 73, 92. 
Perne, A., 35. 
Perse, S., 42. 
Perse School, 42, 78. 
Persia, 129. 
Persian Poet, 143. 



Petty Cury. 2S. 

Phillips Brooks, 77. 

Philosophers — 

Bacon, 46; Temple, 49; 
Whichcote, 76 ; Wheweil, 
136; More, 81; Cudv/orth, 
82; Culverwell, 84; Smith, 
87; Barrov/, 89; Sidgwicii, 
169; Wheweil, 136: Mai- 
thus, 126 ; Newton, 96 ; 
Clarke, 103 ; Maurice, 141 ; 
Sidgwick, 169. 

Phoenix Park, 169. 

Physicians (see Doctors). 

Physicians, R. College of, 29, 
71, 87. 

** Physiolog}'-," Text Book cf^ 

175- 
Pigott Episode, 173. 

" Pilgrim's Progress,'' lo-i. 
" Pindaric Odes," 113. 
** Pindarique Odes," 87. 
'' Pisgah Sight of Palestine,'' 

73- 
Pitt, Earl of Chatham, no, 

"95 131- 
Pitt, Ministry, no. 
Pitt, W., 119, 121, 125, i3r. 
Plague, 88. 
Planet, Uranus, 156; Neptune, 

156. 
Plate, College, 26, 63, 70. 
Platinum, 125. 

Piatonists, 91 ; Wliichcote. 

76 ; More, 81 ; Cadwortbj 

82 ; Culverwell, 84 i 

Smith, 87. 

*' Playground of Europe.'^ 

165. 
Play Writers — 

Greene, 50; Marlowe, 52; 
Nash, 55 ; Randolph, 74 -, 
Miltou, 75 ; Dryden, 92 j 
Sliadwell, 95 ; hytton, 140 ; 
Tennyson, 146. 
'* Plurality of Worlds," 136. 



207 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Poem, English, 124, 136. 

Poets — 

Tusser, 37; Spenser, 43 
Greene, 50 ; Constab!i& 
50 ; Marlowe, 52 ; Jonbon 
58; Fletcher, 59, 60; Her 
rick, 71 ; Waller, 72 
Randolph, 74 ; Milton 
74 ; Crashaw, 80 ; Marvell 
85 ; Cowley, 87 ; Dryden 
92 ; Prior, 102 ; Byrom 
109; Gray, 112; Mason 
114; Wordsworth, ii;6 
Coleridge, 128 ; Kirke 
White, 133; Byron, 134 
Tennyson, 146 ; Neale 
150 ; Calverley, 167 
Donne, 56; Herbert, 69 
Frere, 128; Sterling, 142 
Houghton, 143. 

Pole, Cardinal, 12, 30, 35. 

" Polonius," 143. 

Ponet, J., 30. 

Pope (poet), 80, 97. 

Popes, 3, 49, 89. 

Person, R., 122, 132. 

Postmaster General, 168. 
' Praise of Folly," 20. 

Pratt, C. Eail Camden, Jic- 

Prayer, Book of Commo);, 17, 
22, 38. 

Preachers — 

Andiewesj 48 ; Fuller 
73 ; Stillingfieet, 9? • 
Tillotson, 91 ; Beveridge, 
95 ; Marsh, 120 ; Vaughan, 
149 ; Farrar, 166 ; Latimer, 
17; Barrow, 88; Taj^lor, 
78 ; Donne, 56 ; ?klaurice, 
141 ; Melvill, 138. 

Preachers, of University, 17, 
41. 

Presbyterianism, 57. 

Presbyterians, 78. 

President, Royal ColiPgs of 
Physicians, 29. 



Prime Ministers, Walpole, 
105; Pitt, 119; Grey, 12$; 
Palmerston, 131 ; Camp- 
bell Bannerman, iCg. 
Primitive Church, 82. 
Prince Bishops, 159. 
Prince Lee, J., 161. 
'' Principia," 97, 106. 
Prior, M., 102, 99. 
" Private Devotions," Cosin's. 

68. 
" Private Thoughts on Re- 
ligion," 94. 
T*'^vate Tutors^ Hambiin 
Smith, t6o; Routh, 167; 
Hopkins, 157. 
Prize, Seatonian. 152. 
Prizeman, Member's, 125, 151, 

167. 
Prizeman, Smith's, 148, 153, 

iS7> 167. 
Proctors, 8, 17, 32, 33, 42, 62. 
Professors — 

Botany, Hen slow, 138. 
Civil Law, 156; Maine, 156; 

Smith, 29. 
Dixie Eccl. History, 175. 

Creighton. 
Downing, Laws of England. 

Maitland, 173. 
Experimental Physics, Clerk 

Maxwell, 166. 
Hebrew, Cudworth, 82. 
History and Modern Lan- 
guages, Gray, 113. 
Hulsean, Lightfoot, 162. 
Jacksonian Nat. Philo- 
sophy, Milner, n8 j 
Willis 141. 
Knightsbridge Philosophy, 
Whewell, 136; Maurice, 
141 ; Sidgwick, 169. 
Lowndean Astronomy, 

Adams 156. 
Lucasian Mathematics, Bar- 
row, 89 ; Newton, 89, 97 ; 



208 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Stokes, 153 ; Whiston, 
102; Milner, 118; Airy, 

139- 
Margaret, Cartwright, 39 ; 

Whitgift, 40 ; Chaderton, 

41 ; Ward, 57 ; Davenant, 

60, 72 ; Gunning, 80 ; 

Pearson, 81 ; Marsh, 120 ; 

Lightfoot, 162. 
Mineralogy, Clarke, 126; 

Whewell, 136 ; Henslow, 

138. 
Modern History, Kingsley, 

155; Seeley, 169; Acton, 

169. 
Music, Walmisley, 150 ; 

Sterndale Bennett, 170. 
Oxford Savilian, Geometry, 

Astronomy, 84. 
Physic, 72; Glisson, 71. 
Physiology, Foster, 175. 
Plumian Astronomy, Cotes, 

106 ; Airy, 140 ; Challis, 

140. 
Political Economy, 168, 

Fawcett. 
Regius Div., 38; Whitgift, 
40 ; Chaderton, 41 ; Whit- 

aker, 42 ; Overall, 50 ; 

Gunning, 80 ; Westcott, 

159- 
Regius Greek, Erasmus, 20; 

Cheke, 28 ; Smith, 29 ; 

Barrow, 89; J ebb, 171; 

Porson, 122. 

Sadlerian Mathematics, Cay- 
ley, 155- 

Surgery, Humphry, 161. 

Whewell International Law, 
Maine, 156. 

Woodwardian Geology, Mid- 
dleton, ic8 ; Sedgwickj 

131- 
Prose Writers — 

Erasmus, 19 ; Ascham, 30 ; 
Bacon, 46 ; Fuller, 73 ; 



Herbert, 70; Taylor, 78; 
Marvell, 85 ; Spedding, 
144 ; Thirlwall, 137 ; 
Macaulay, 138 ; Lytton, 
140; Smith, 87; SterUng, 
142 ; Tillotson, 91 ; King- 
lake, 146; Thackeray, 147 j 
Neale, 150; Kingsley, 155; 
Pepys, 93; Sterne, 11 1. 

Protestant Views, 20, 21, 25, 
26, 32, 79. 

Public Orator, 16, 24, 28, 29, 
30, 69, 143, 171. 

Pugin, 152. 

Puritanism, 26, 36, 39, 41, 57, 

62, 71. 
- Puritans, 26, 33, 39, 40, 42, 48, 
49, 52, 54, 69; Mildmay, 
36; Cartwright, 39; Chad- 
erton, 42 ; Whitaker, 42 ; 
Ward, 57 ; Hutchinson, 86. 

Puritan Teaching, 42, 48, c.6j 

75- 
Pusey, Dr., 137. 

"Quatrains," Omar Khay- 
yam, 143. 
** Queen Mary," 146. 
Queens — 

Anne, 95, loi, loS. 

Anne Boleyn, 13. 

Anne of Cleves, 14. 

Catherine of Arragon, 13, 
14, 17. 

Catherine Howard, 14. 

Elizabeth (see Elizabeth). 

Elizabeth Wydeville, 5. 

Jane Seymour, 13. 

Mary (see Mary). 

Mary IL, 95. 

Rainbow, 154. 
Raleigh, 41, 43. 
Ramists, 49, 54, 54, 78. 
Randolph, T., 74. 
Ranke, 177. 



209 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Ray, J., 90, 76, 95. 

" Ready Money Mortiboy," 

170. 
Rede, Sir R., 7 
Rede, Lecturers, 7, 11. 
Redman, John, 24, 30, 31. 
Reform Bill, 125. 
Refo rmers — 

Alcock, 6 ; Fisher, S ; 

Tiinstall, 10; Gardiner, 11; 

Cranmer, 13; Croke, 16; 

Goodrich, 16; Latimer, 17; 

Bilney, 19; Erasmus, 19; 

Coverdale, 21 - Ridley, 22; 

Cartwright, 39; Parker, 24; 

Redman, 24; Rogers, 27 j 

Grindal, 32; Bncer, 38; 

Bradford, 37. 
Reformation, 20, 22, 25, c?- 

ji, 49, 66, 79, 163. 
Religious I>if-e, 64. 
Religious Tract Society, 118. 
Restoration, Church, 151. 
Revised Version, 147, 160. 
Rhodes, Cecil, 31, 35. 
•• Rhyme of Anc. Mariner," 

129. 
Rice, J., 170. 
Richelieu, 140. 
" Rickets," 71. 
Ridley Hall, 22. 
Ridley, Nich, 22, iS, 30, 31, 

33> 37> 40- 
" Rienzi," 140. 
" Rigid Dynamics," 167. 
" Risen Master," 158. 
Rogers, J., 27, 23, 31. 
Roman Catholics, 30, 31, 34, 

48, 49, 56, 96, 176. 
Roman Church, 80, 86, 93. 
Romany, 171. 
Roosevelt, 77. 
Rose, H. J., 137, 136. 
Rosetta Stone, 13c. 
Rotherham, Thomas, 5, 6, 7. 



Rotherham, Town of, 6. 

Rotterdam, 19. 

Routh, ]•:. J., 167. 

Royal Academy, 154. 

Ro)''al Exchange, 32. 

Royal Society, 84, 97, 1x5, 

154, '56, 175- 
Royalist Sympathies, 62, 63, 

68, 70, 72, 80, 87. 
Russia, 132. 
Rutlandshire, 45. 

S. Albans, 47. 

S. Albans, Viscount, 47, 

S. Augustine of Canterbury. 
163. 

S. Augustine's College, Can- 
terbury, 154. 

S. Andrew's, V\>lls Street, 

S. Benedict's Order, 2. 

S. Benet's Church, i. 

S. Giles' Church, i. 

S. Helen's Church, Bishops- 
gate, 32. 

S. Michael's Church, S. 
Albans, 47. 

S. Rhadegund's Nunnery, 1. 

S. Stephen, Chapel of, West- 
minster, 5. 

S. John, Chapel of, 16. 

Sackville College, 151. 

Sacrament, Blessed, 63^ 65. 

Saffron Walden, 16, 29, 61. 

Salisbury, Earl of, 46, 53. 

Salisbui-y, Lord, 164. 

Sancroft, W., 85, 26, 67, 102. 

Sandys, E., 33, 26. 

" Satires," 58. 

Savoy Chapel, 73. 

Schools — 
Beverley, 68. 
Bury S. Edmunds, 85. 
Charterhouse, 80, 88, 135, 

i37> i47> 170- 
Christ's TTospital, 128, 156. 



210 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Eton College, 5, 49, 61, ^7, 
72, 81, 105, no, HI, 112, 
1 145 117, 122, 123, 12&, 
132, i35> M4j 146, 164, 
165, 173, 174. 

Felsted, 83, 88. 

Harrow, 131, 134, 142, 143, 
148, 149, 154, 167, 174. 

Huntingdon, 71. 

King Edward's, Birming- 
ham, 159. 

King's School, Canterbiiry, 
52, 60, 79, 120. 

Lancaster, Blue Coat, 136. 

Merchant Taylors, 44, 4S. 

Marlborough, 166. 

Rugby, 160, 169. 

S. Aiban's, 88. 

St. Paul's, 21, 74, 93, 98, 
106. 

Shrewsbury, 117. 

University College, 167. 

Westminster, 58, 63, 69, 71 j 
92, 102. 
Scholarship, Craven, 139, i6y, 

171. 
Scholarship, Person, 171. 
Scholarship, Whewell, 174. 
" Scholemaster, The," 30. 
Schumann, 170. 
Scientists — 

Dee, 36 ; Horrocks, 83 ; Ray, 
90 ; Bacon, 46 ; Wil- 
lughby, 95 ; Newton, 96 ; 
Cavendish, 115; Young, 
130 ; Darwin, 144 ; Kel- 
vin, 157; Foster, 174; 
Wollaston, 125 ; vStokes, 
153 ; Harvey, 61 ; Clerk 
Maxwell, 166 ; Barrow, 
89. 
Scientific Subjects, 150, 153, 

155- 
Scots, Mary, Queen of, 38. 
Scott, Sir W., 37, 127, 128, 129. 



'■" Scripture Doctrine of the 

Trinity," 103. 
Seatonian Prize, 152. 
Secretary of Admiralty, 94. 
Secretary of State, 29, 54, 140. 
Secretary for War, 169. 
Sedgwick, A., 131, 135, i6o, 

138. 

Seeley, Sir J. R., 168, 167. 

'* Select Discourses," 87. 

Selwyn, G. A., 144. 

Senior Wrangler, 136, 157, 
158, 167; Paley, n6; 
Martyn, 129 ; Herschel, 
135; Airy, 139; Ellis, 
153; Stokes, 153; Cayley, 
155; Adams, 156; Thom- 
son, 153 ; Routh, 167. 

•' Sentimental Journey," 112. 
"Sepulchral Monuments," 115. 

'* Serious Call," ic8 

Sermons, 48, 73, 89, 104, 112, 
117, 120, 136, 149, 150, 160. 

Seven Bishops, 85, 88. 

Seymour, Jane, 13. 

Shad well, T., 95. 

Shaftesbury, Lord, 131. 

Shakespeare, 41, 44, 50, 52, 

58, 59> 71. 73. 79- 
Shelf ord, 138. 
Shelley, 129, 134. 
" Shepheards Calender," 44. 
Sherlock, T., 105, 103, 104, 

107. 
Sheykhs, 172. 
Shorthand Writing, 109. 
Sidgwick, H., 169, 171. 
Sidney, Sir Philip, 49, 50. 
Simeon, C, 123, 120, 129, 132, 

133- 
Sinai, 171. 
Sisterhood, East Grinstead, 

152. 
Six Articles, lo, 11, 14, 18. 
" Slavery," 124. 
Slave Trade, 121, 124. 



211 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Sloane, Hans, 94. 

Smith, Sir Thomas, 29, 12, 

28, 30. 
Smith, J., 87, 76, 84. 
Smith, J. (Baptist), 45. 
Smith, J., Hamblin, 160. 
Smithfield, 28, 35. 
Smithfield, S. Bartholomew's, 

36. 
Social Community, 128. 
Socialism, Christian, 141 . 
Society, Propagation of the 

Gospel, 95. 
Soham, 22. 
Solemn League and Covenant, 

80, 84. 
Solicitors General, Coke, 43 J 

Bacon, 46 ; Lock wood, 

172. 
" Sophocles," 171. 
South Sea Scheme, 105. 
Southey, 37, 108, 127, 128, 

^33- 
Southwark, 77. 
Speaker of H. of C. — 

Audley, 15. 
Spedding, J., 144, 142, 153. 
Spelman, Sir H., 53. 
Spencer, J., 91. 
Spenser, E., 43, 87. 
Spohr, 170. 

Stained Windows, 153, 
Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfieldj 

110. 
Stanley, Dean, 83, 141, 155. 
Stanton, Hervey de, 2. 
State, 43, 51, 53. 
State, Secretary of, 54. 
Statesmen — 

Rotherham, 5; Audley, 15; 

W^'att, 21 ; N. Bacon, 27 ; 

Gresham, 31 ; Burghley, 

34 ; Walsingham, 38 ; 

Bacon, 46 ; Essex, 51 ; 

Salisbury, 53; Boyle, 55; 

Williams, 62 ; Strafford, 



68 ; Cromwell, 71 ; 

Temple, 90 ; Walpoie, 
105; Pitt, 119; Wilber- 
force, 121; Grey, 125; 
Palmerston, 131 ; Devon- 
shire, 164: Fawcett, 168; 
Campbell-Bannerman, 169; 
Parnell, 173; Bacon, 27; 
Hutchinson, 86. 

Statues, 123, 132, 134, 138, 
146, 176, 137. 

Stephen, J. K., 174. 

Stephen, Sir Leslie, 164. 

Sterling, J-, 142, i35> i43- 

Sterndale Bennett, Sir W., 
170. 

Sterne, L., iii. 

Sterne, R., 70, 63, 69. 

Stillingfleet, E., 92, 100. 

Stoke Poges, 113. 

Stokes, Sir G. G., 153, 97, 157, 
160. 

'* Stories for Young," 152. 

Stow, 22. 

Strafford, Earl of, 68. 

Strawberry Hill, 114. 

Strype, J., 98, 99. 

Stubbs, Bishop, 53, 101. 

•' Study of Words," 142. 

Suez Canal. 172. 

Sunday School, 118. 

"Supernatural Religion," 162. 

Surrey Chapel, 117. 

Sweating Sickness, 30. 

Swift, 90. 

Synod of Dort, 57. 

Tait, Archbishop, 160. 
Tariff Reform Movement, 164. 
Taverner, R., 28. 
Taylor, J., 78, 76, 80, 81. 
Temple, Lord Palmerston, 13 1. 
Temple, Master of, 149. 
•' Temple, The," 65, 70. 
Temple, Sir W. (Emm.), go. 



212 



CELEBRATED 'CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



Temple, Sir W. (King's), 49. 

Tenison, T., 95, 102. 

Tennj'son, A,, Lord, 146, 127, 
142, 142, 143, 147, 147. 

Thackeray, W. M., 147, 142, 
146. 

Theologians — 

Tunstall, 10; Gardiner, 11 ; 
Craniner, 13 ; Erasmus, 
19 ; Ridley, 23 ; Parker, 25 ; 
Andrews, 48; Donne, 56; 
Montague, 61; Cosin, 66; 
Taylor, 78 ; Gunning, 79 ; 
Pearson, 82 ; Barrow, 88 ; 
Tillotson, 91 ; Stillingfleet, 
92 ; Beveridge, 94 ; Bentley, 
100 ; Sherlock, 105 ; Water- 
land, 107; Law, 108 ; Paley, 
115; Milner, 118; Marsh, 
120 ; Simeon, 123 ; Maurice, 
141 ; Trench, 142; Words- 
worth, 143; Vaughan, 149 ; 
Westcott, 159; Lightfoot, 
161 ; Benson, 162 ; Farrar, 
166. 

Thirlwall, C, 137, 143, 135. 

" This Son of Vulcan," 170. 

Thomson, W., Lord Kelvin, 
i57> 167. 

Thompson, W. H., 142, 143, 
147, ISO, 161. 

Thorwaldsen, 134. 

♦• Three Letters,*' 108. 

Throne, 5, 3, 10, 12, 28, 6, 8, 9, 

", i3» 14, 7» 4i» 43> 5^ 53» 
101, 108, 139, 34, 42, 47, 
54, 56, 62, 59, 63, 65, 68. 
69, 70, 72, 78, 86, 87, 85, 
89, 88, 90, 91, 96, 95, 105, 
131, 161. 

Tichborne Case, 140. 

Tillotson, 91, 76, 86, 102. 

Tower, Church of S. Peter, ;-. 

Tower of London, 9, 10. 2S, 
33. 47, 5I-' 57.. 62, 63, 71, 
85, 86, 105. 

*• Toxophilus," II, 30. 



Tractarians, 137, 150. 

Tracts, 53. 

Trafalgar, 120. 

Transit of Venus, 83. 

Travellers, Clarke, 126; Pal- 
mer, 171. 

Treasury First Lord, Walpole, 
105. 

" Treatise on Pope's Supre- 
maci'^," 89. 

Trench, R. C, 142, 143. 

Trevelyan, Sir G. O., 171. 

Tripos, Moral Science, 136. 

Tripos, Nat. Science, 136. 

'* Tristram Shandy,'* iii. 

"True Intellectual System," 83. 

Trumpington, 88. 

Truro, 129. 

Tunstall, Cuthbert, 10, 14, 24. 

Turkey, 132. 

Tusser, Thomas, 37. 

** Two Years Ago,** 155. 

** Two Voices," 146. 

Tjmdale, 20. 

Tyndale's Bible, 27. 

Tyrone Rebellion, 44. 

Ulm, 120. 

Ultramontanism, 176. 

'♦ Uncle Toby,'* in. 

Union Society, 136, 139, 140, 
140, 142, 147, 174. 

University, Carab., 31, 34, 
46, 77, loi, 102, 105, 
no, 112, 120, 132, 134, 

136, 137j 140, i43» '443 
158, 161, 162, 164, 166, 

172, 174, 175. 
University of Edinburgh, 166. 
University of Glasgow, 169. 
University of London, 174, 

175. 32- 
University M.P.*s., 119, 131, 

154. 154' 171- 
University of Oxford, 59, 150, 

167, 35. 56, 84. 



213 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



University Press, 49. 

Universities, Foreign, 13, 36. 

Universities' Mission to Cent. 
Africa, 158. 

" Unlawfulness of Stage En- 
tertainments," 108. 

Uppingham, 78. 

Uranus, planet, 156. 

Ussher, 48, 53, 57. 

Utrecht, 19. 

Valence, Mary de, 3. 

*• Vanity Fair," 147. 

Vaughan, C. J., 149. 

Venables, 143. 

Venn, H., 114, 108. 

Venus, Transit of, 83. 

Vergil, 93. 

** Verses and Translations," 

167. 
Verulam, Lord, 46. 
Vestments, 30, 67. 
Vice Chancellor, 90, 105, 107, 

118, 8, 24, 39, 33, 35. 
*' Vindication," 82. 
•' Vindication of Divinity,** 

107. 
•' Virginians, The," 148. 

Wainwright, Murder, 140. 
Walden, Monastery of, 16. 
Walden, Saffron, 16, 29, 61. 
Wales, 53, 78. 
Waller, E., 72. 
Wallis, J., 83. 
Walmisley, T. A., 150. 
Walpole, Horace, 114, no, 

in, 112. 
Walpole, Sir R., 105, 114. 
Walsingham, Sir Francis, 38. 
Walton, I., 54, 56, 69, 88. 
Warburton, no. 
Ward, Sam., 56, 84. 
Ward, Seth., 84. 
Warham, Abp. 10. 
War, Secretary of State, 169. 



Waterbeach, in. 
Waterland, D., 107, 103. 
Watson, T., 31, 23. 
Webb, Benjamin, 150, 151. 
Wells Street, S. Andrew's, 151. 

Wellington College, 162. 

Weutworth, Earl of Strafford, 
68. 

Wesley, John, 108. 

Wesley, Samuel, io8. 

" \^'est " Chapel, Ely. 7. 

West, Nicholas, 7. 

Westcott, B. F., 159, 160, 161, 
165. 

Westminster Abbey, 5, 24, 44, 
45. 59. 83, 87, 89, 90, 97, 
102, 120, 131, 134, 135, 
138, 142, 145, 146, 148, 
154. 157, 159. 166, 170. 

Westminster City, 44. 

" Westward Ho," 155. 

Wharton, H., loi. 

Wharton, T., 87. 

Whewell, W., 136, 135, 147. 

Whichcote, B., 76, 84, 87. 

Whigs, 118, 125. 

Whiston, W. , 102, 97, 103, 104, 
106. 

Whitaker, W., 42. 

White, H. Kirke, 133, 124, 
129. 

White of Selborne, 90. 

Whitfield, n7. 

Whitgift, John, 40, 26, 33, 35, 

37. 39.' 41, 43. 46, 5'. S3- 
'* Widow Wadman," 112. 
Wilberforce, S., 142. 
Wilberforce, W., 121, 119, 

124- 133- 
Wilkes Trial, no. 
William HI., 86, 90. 
Williams, G., 152, 165. 
Williams, J., 62, 57, 69. 
Willis, R., 141. 
Willughby, F., 95, 90. 
Windsor, Deans of. West, 7. 



214 



CELEBRATED CAMBRIDGE MEN. 



' Winter's lale," 50. 
Wiseman, Cardinal, 177. 
Wodelarke, Robert, 5. 
Wollaston, W. H., 125. 
Wolsey, Cardinal, 7, 8, 11, 13, 

17, 24, 
*' Woman of Samaria," 170. 
Women, Higher Education; 

169. 
Wordsworth, Bp. C, 143. 
Wordsworth, C, Dr., 137. 
Wordsworth, W., 126, 128. 

142, i43> 143- 
*♦ World Essays," 114. 
*' Worthies of England," 73. 
Wranglers, 120, 126, 136, 138. 

148, 150, 157, 158, 161, 

164, 166, 168. 



Wren, M., 62, 48, 63, 67, 69. 
Wren, Sir Chr., 85, 94, loij 

102. 
Wyatt, Sir Th., 21. 



•• Yeast," 15c. 

York, 6, 172. 

York, Archd. of, 16. 

York Minster, 6. 

Yorkshiremen, Rotherham, 5; 
Alcock, 6 ; Fisher, 8 ; 
Tunstall, 10 ; Bentley, 
100; Lockwood, 172. 

Young, T., 130. 



Zulu Language, 14S. 



215 



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